| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1112 BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Elucidate the responsibilities of different levels of management. Analyse how coordination among these levels enhances organisational effectiveness. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Levels of Management and Their Responsibilities
In an organisation, management can be structured in three distinct levels: top-level management mid-level management and lower-level which is also known as operational. Each level has clearly defined tasks that together contribute towards the achievement of corporate objectives. Understanding these levels and co-ordination between them is essential to appreciating how large organisations perform
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Q.2. Explain the modern approaches to management, and how do they differ from traditional management approaches? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Traditional Management Approaches
Traditional managerial approaches developed in the Industrial Revolution and the early 20th century. They emphasized effectiveness, uniformisation, hierarchical control, and rationalisation of work. The Classical model, as displayed in Frederick Taylor’s Scientific Management, focused on discovering the best method to perform each task through time and motion studies the standardisation of equipment methods and tools, and also differential system of piece-rate wages. Henri Fáyol’s Administrative Theory identified 14 universal rules of management that include the division of labor, the
Q.3. Discuss the various types of Organisational Structures. Evaluate how structure influences efficiency, authority, and communication flow within an organisation. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Types of Organisational Structures
An organisational structure defines the manner in which roles, activities, responsibility, authority, and communication is formalized in order to achieve organisational goals. Structure selection has significant implications on efficiency, adaptability, creativity, and coordination. Different structural types exist that are each appropriate to particular organizational situations.
Line and Line-and-Staff
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the nature of controlling, Discuss the Process of Controlling in Management. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Nature of Controlling
Controlling plays a central control function of management. Managers assess the organization’s performance, check real results with predefined standards, identify deviations from plans and then take action to restore performance level. Controlling is the ultimate link to the management system that started with planning, progressed through organising and staffing, followed by the direction. Without controlling, the best plans would remain mere aspirations and there’d be no way to verify the
Q.5. Analyze the key features of globalisation in today’s corporate landscape. Explain the Key Challenges in globalisation and the ways to overcome them. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Key Features of Globalisation in Today’s Corporate Landscape
Globalisation refers to the increasing globalisation and integration of markets, economies, cultural systems and governance models facilitated by technological advances in communications transport, international trade and capital flow. Within the current business landscape Globalisation has profoundly altered how businesses operate in order to compete, innovate, and build value, producing both significant potential and daunting challenges.
Global Value Chains
Q.6. Explain the nature of directing and the key components involved in directing function of management. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Nature of Directing
Directing is the management function that managers use to train, instruct, and inspire employees to carry out their tasks in a timely and efficient ways to ensure reaching organizational goals. It is the action phase of management, when plans made in planning can be translated into effectiveness through the energy and committed efforts of individual employees. It is among the most human-centric
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1113 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What are the objectives of accounting. What do you mean by accounting standards? Enumerate the accounting standard issued by the AICPA. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Objectives of Accounting
Accounting is the method of gathering, recording classifying, summarising, interpreting and communicating financial information about an organisation to enable more informed decisions by the individuals involved. The purposes of accounting highlight its multiple functions that this information serves across diverse groupings of customers, which include management investors, creditors, regulators, and employees.
The primary objective
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Q.2. What is a double entry system? Explain different types of ledgers. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Double Entry System of Accounting
The double entry system is the accepted method for recording financial transactions in accounting, based on the fundamental principle that all business transactions have double aspect. It affects at least two accounts simultaneously. One account is debited while the other is credited in equal amounts. The mathematical basis for this principle can be described as: Assets = Liabilities + Capital.
Q.3. What is the meaning of a Trial balance? How to treat depreciation in Final Accounts? (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Meaning and Purpose of Trial Balance
A Trial Balance is an declaration made at the beginning of a period in which the accountant includes all balances of the ledger account in tabular format with balances for debits being listed in one column, and credit balances placed in another. The fundamental purpose of the Trial Balance is to verify that the accuracy of arithmetic is maintained by the double entry process in the event that the total of all debit balances are equal to the entire credit balances, it means that the double
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Describe Balance sheet along with its components. Explain Cash flow statement and its objectives. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Balance Sheet and Its Components
The Balance Sheet is a basic financial statement which shows an overview of the financial situation at a certain date and time — typically the last day of an accounting period. It’s based on the fundamental accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders’ Equity, that must be balanced. The Balance Sheet
Q.5. What do you understand about “Partnership Deed” and list the various contents in partnership deed. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Partnership Deed – Meaning and Importance
The Partnership Deed, also known as a Partnership Agreement or Articles of Partnership or Articles of Partnership, is a formal legal document that outlines the specific terms and conditions agreed upon by all partners of any partnership firm that govern the management, operation and rights, obligations, and the dissolution of the partnership. Even though the Indian Partnership Act 1932 permits orally-
Q.6. What is depreciation accounting? What are the methods of depreciation? (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Depreciation Accounting
Accounting for depreciation is the approach to allocate the cost of a tangible fixed asset throughout its expected useful lifespan in a rational and consistent way, indicating the gradual expiration of the asset’s utility in the marketplace when it generates revenues for businesses. Depreciation isn’t a cash investment in the moment the expense is made; rather, it represents the cash-based allocation of capital expenses incurred in a prior period in the purchase of the asset. It is an application of the Principle of Matching Principle and requires expenses be matched with the earnings they aid
| SESSION | APR-AUG 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1114 MICRO ECONOMICS |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the concept and importance of Managerial Economics. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Managerial Economics is a branch of economics, which applies macroeconomic principles, tools and methodologies to help business managers make informed business choices. It provides an intermediary between economic theory and actual business practice. While traditional economics focuses on describing how economies function in a prescriptive manner, management economics is not by nature. This means it gives concrete guidance regarding how to make the best decisions in order to meet specific corporate goals such as optimizing profits, cutting costs as well as growi
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Q.2. Explain the concept of utility in economics and distinguish between the Cardinal and Ordinal approaches to utility. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
The concept of utility is fundamental in economics. It is happiness, enjoyment or benefit that a consumer derives from consuming a good or product or. It is a subjective measure and can vary from one user based on preferences, tastes, and the circumstances. Utility is the underlying concept behind consumer theory. It is the reason consumers make the choices they have to make when it comes to dividing their
Q.3. Explain in detail the concept of Consumer Surplus. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The concept of consumer surplus is the most important concept in microeconomics that measures the benefit to an individual consumer’s economy that is able to enjoy when they have the opportunity purchase something for prices that are lower than maximum price they were willing to pay. It is the difference between what consumers are prepared to pay for a thing and what they will would pay in the marketplace. Alfred Marshall first formalised this notion using the concept of cardinal utility and
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain in detail, the concept of Cost Analysis in Managerial Economics. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Cost analysis is one of the most important areas of management economics. It is a thorough examination and analysis of different kinds of expenditures a business has in the process of producing products or services, and also the relation between costs and production. Understanding cost behaviour enables managers to make informed choices about manufacturing levels, pricing investing,
Q.5. Elaborate upon the concept of production in economics. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Production is an essential economic process that involves change of raw materials or other elements that are produced into final goods and services that satisfy human demands. It’s not just about physical manufacturing. It also encompasses any activity that adds utility or value a product or servic
Q.6. Enumerate in detail the different types of market structures in economics. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
A market structure refers the characteristics of an organisation in an market which define the level of competition among companies and the level of ability to price held by sellers. Market structure is a significant factor in how businesses behave with respect to output, pricing, marketing, and innovation. Economists classify markets into four major types, which are based on the amount of sellers available, the degree of differentiation between products, ease of entry and exit, and the nature
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1115 ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Define entrepreneurship. Explain its objectives. (2+8 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Definition of Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship is the process of discovering a potential market, organising the necessary resources, and bearing the risk of personal and financial associated with starting and operating a new business venture that aims at creating value and earning profit. A person who is an entrepreneur responsible for this process. Joseph Schumpeter described the entrepreneur as a creative person who
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Q.2. Examine the achievements of EDPs and their impact on economic and societal development. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Achievements of Entrepreneurship Development Programmes
Entrepreneurship Development Programs, often referred to as EDPs, are specific training programs and initiatives intended to improve entrepreneurial skills, knowledge, and attitudes among individuals, especially within emerging economies. They are run by government agencies or financial institutions, colleges, and non-governmental institutions which aim at creating an entirely new generation of
Q.3. Describe the process of preparing a marketing plan, including its key components and the steps involved in executing it. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Marketing plans are full-length document that defines an organization’s objectives in terms of marketing strategies, and the specific measures required to meet their goals in a specific time frame. For an entrepreneur, a properly-planned marketing strategy is vital to attract customers, establishing brand awareness, and generating steady revenue. It provides a roadmap to guide all marketing
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the role of commercial banks in supporting entrepreneurship. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Commercial banks play a crucial and vital role in sustaining entrepreneurial spirit by providing the necessary capital resources that startups and expanding businesses require. Entrepreneurs generally lack the personal money to establish or grow their enterprises and have to depend on the assistance of external sources for financing. Commercial banks are among the most accessible and structured sources of such finance, which makes them crucial players in the entrepreneurial w
Q.5. Analyse the role of incubators and accelerators in entrepreneurship, including their differences, key features, and examples. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Role of Incubators
Business incubators, or support organizations, are created to assist startups at the beginning of their journey transform their concepts into sustainable enterprises. They provide a supportive and safe environment where entrepreneurs with new ideas can gain access to assistance, support and infrastructure in the weakest phase of business development. They typically take startups from the stage of pre-revenue, or concepttion and assist them over one to five years depending upon the specific progr
Q.6. Write a short note on: Tesla and Uber. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Tesla
Tesla Inc. is an American electric vehicle and renewable energy business founded on the 23rd of March 2003 Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning which was then influenced by Elon Musk who took over as CEO and chairman in the year 2004 before becoming the CEO in 2008. Tesla’s initial goal was to facilitate the world’s transformation to a sustainable energy system by demonstrably proving that electric cars could have a high-quality, desirable design and economically feasible,
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1116 UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the light of resolution. How does it help in achieving harmony at the level of the individual, family, and society? (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Light of Resolution
The term “resolution” refers to an inner certainty and persuasion that develops the moment a person fully is aware of the greater purpose for the world and aligns their thought as well as their actions to the values. It’s not merely willpower or determination but a normal outcome of having a clear understanding. If a person is able to gain clear insight into what is truly significant, important as well as right and right, their daily life becomes informed by that insight. The inner light of this
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Q.2. Define human endeavour and list its key components in the context of holistic development. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Definition of Human Endeavour
Human endeavor refers to the complete work that a human is required to fulfill their physical, mental, physical, as well as spiritual needs by living in harmonious with other human beings and also with the nature. It goes beyond mere production or survival and covers all the steps of someone who seeks a life of meaning in their understanding, morality, as well as ethical behavior. Within the framework of Universal Human Values, human endeavor is defined as a constant effort to
Q.3. Discuss the concept of basic human aspiration in detail. How do continuity of happiness and prosperity form the foundation of human goals? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Basic Human Aspiration
Basic human aspiration refers to the most fundamental need that each human being has regardless of age, culture the nation of origin, their nationality, or background. Based on the framework of Universal Human Values, every person aspires to have a lifetime of contentment and happiness, as well as to ensure they have enough physical resources that allow them to enjoy a satisfying life. The two goals together are what humans are seeking through all their varied activities, relationships, and
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Describe the role of understanding and wisdom in achieving all-encompassing resolution. How do they help in guiding human conduct? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Role of Understanding in Achieving Resolution
Understanding refers to the capacity to see the real nature of objects as they exist, not as one wishes or imagines them to be. When it comes to Universal Human Values, understanding means recognising the interconnected nature that is human life as well as the significance of relationships and the actual source of happiness and prosperity. Once a person is aware of what is right for them and
Q.5. Discuss the four dimensions of human participation (individual, family, society, and nature). How do they contribute to holistic living? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
The Four Dimensions of Human Participation
Universal Human Values recognises that human beings cannot exist alone. Every individual is integral part of four interconnected dimensions such as the individual, family, the society, as well as nature. The ideal lifestyle involves the conscious, harmonious and dependable participation throughout all four
Q.6. What are the needs of the Self and the Body? How does confusion between the two leads to unhappiness or imbalance in life? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Needs of the Self
As per Universal Human Values, a human being is composed of two components of the self which is the conscious inner being, and the body, which acts as the physical tool by which self-expression occurs in the world. Both the self and body have fundamentally different needs, and understanding this distinction is vital to live the balance and happiness you desire.
The needs of the
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1117 OFFICE AUTOMATION TOOLS |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain Office Automation? Compare and contrast the advantages & disadvantages of the Automation process. (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Office Automation
Office automation refers to using computer-based tools, software, and technology to perform routine office tasks that previously were performed manually. It involves integrating hardware, applications, and tools to communicate to improve information processing documents management, communications scheduling, and data storage within a company. The goal of office automation is to increase productivity, reduce errors, lower operating expenses, and permit workers to focus more on important jobs. Office automation tools that are commonly utilized include spreadsheets,
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Q.2. Define Windows Operating System. Explain the Features of Windows Operating System. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Definition of Windows Operating System
Windows is a series of graphical operating systems developed and sold through Microsoft Corporation. In 1985, it was introduced as the graphical interface to MS-DOS, Windows has evolved over a myriad of variations, such as Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 10, and Windows 11. An operating system is the core software which manages the computer’s hardware resources, and also provides an operating system on which programs operate. Windows acts as the bridge between a user and computer hardware. It allows users to connect with the computer via a user
Q.3. Write short notes on following: What are Pivot Tables? What are Macros? (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Pivot Tables
A pivot table can be an extremely powerful multi-dimensional data summarisation tool that is available within spreadsheet programs such as Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets. This tool allows users to organize, summarise, count, analyze, and sort large files quickly and in a dynamic manner without having to write complex formulas or code. Its name is derived from the ability to pivot or rotate the data to view it from different angles. A user can move fields around into columns, rows, or variables, as well as filtering areas in order to quickly create customized information summari
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the importance of PowerPoint in creating professional presentations and its key features. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Importance of PowerPoint in Professional Presentations
Microsoft PowerPoint is the most widely used presentation software and an indispensable tool for professional, academic and business communication. The well-designed PowerPoint presentation enables the speaker to structure complex content into visual slides that guide the audience through
Q.5. What are open-source software technologies and their importance for development. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Open-Source Software Technologies
Open-source software refers to software that’s source code is released for the public to allow users to download, read the software, alter it, and then distribute the software. Contrary to proprietary software in which the source code is hidden and is owned by a corporation however, open-source software is designed collaboratively by communities of developers all over the world. It is the Open Source Initiative defines open-source software based on a number of standards that make sure
Q.6. What are Internet applications? What are the requirements for Internet access, and what tools are necessary. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Internet Applications
Internet applications, also called online or web-based applications can be described as software applications running on the web and can be accessed via the web browser or specific application that is connected to the internet. As opposed to the traditional desktop application that is installed on a single computer, internet applications are hosted on remote servers and deliver its services to users on the internet. Internet applications have radically changed how people communicate, work, buy, study,
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | V |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3101 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Define consumer behaviour. Explain the factors influencing the characteristics of consumer behaviour. (2+8 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The study of consumer behavior is of how groups, individuals, and organizations select, buy, use, and then dispose of products such as ideas, products, services or other experiences that satisfy their wants and requirements. It explores the decision-making processes as well as external factors that influence the buying habits of consumers, providing businesses essential insights in the development of effective marketing strategies.
Definition of Consumer
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Q.2. Write short notes on: (a) Challenges and Limitations of Integrating Interdisciplinary Findings, (b) Factors Influencing Self-Image Formation. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Research into consumer behaviour is based on various academic disciplines to better understand the complexity of consumer buying decision-making. Knowing the issues of integrating multidisciplinary insights and the variables that shape self-image provide a richer and more nuanced foundation for developing effective strategy for marketing and product design.
Part A – Challenges and Limitations of Integrating Interdisciplinary Findings
Consumer behaviour research integrates insights from sociology, psychology, economics, anthropology and neuroscience to explain
Q.3. Discuss the perceptual process in detail. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Perception is the method by that people select, arrange the sensory information they receive to create a meaningful view of their surroundings. Perception is a key element in consumer behavior. It is the way people perceive and understand marketing messages or products. It also determines how consumers evaluate brands and form brand images, making it one of the most essential psychological
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Describe the various stages in consumer socialization. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Consumer socialization is the process by which individuals acquire the knowledge, skills of attitudes and values that make them competent participants in the competitive market. It begins in childhood and continues throughout life, by involving different actors and methods that affect consumer knowledge at each developmental stage, from basic product awareness through sophisticated financial and
Q.5. Explain in detail cultural dimension and consumer behaviour. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
The force of culture is at the heart in determining consumer behavior across all cultures. It encompasses the shared values, beliefs, norms, language, rituals, and material objects that define an individual’s social identity and are transmitted across generations. Understanding cultural dimensions is essential when it comes to developing marketing strategies, pricing strategies, and communications campaigns
Q.6. Elucidate the Nicosia Model of consumer behaviour. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
The Nicosia Model of consumer behaviour was developed by Francesco Nicosia in 1966, was the first frameworks that comprehensively describe how people move between exposure to a message to making a purchase decision, and then the subsequent feedback. This is a model that is system-oriented that considers consumer decision-making an interactive and dynamic process that involves an organization and a customer.
Overview of the Nicosia
| SESSION | JAN-FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | V |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3102 BUSINESS ANALYTICS |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Describe how Business Analytics can help an organization improve its operational efficiency. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Business Analytics and Operational Efficiency
Business analytics refers to the application of systematic data, statistical analysis techniques, quantitative approaches, and predictive modeling to assist the decision-making process and enhance organizational performance. When applied to operations business analytics, they transform raw operational data into useful intelligence that helps organizations identify areas of inefficiency, reduce cost-savings, eliminate waste as well as optimize the processes of every aspect of their business. Operational efficiency refers to the capability to create outputs that are of the highest possible quality as
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Q.2. How can data updating ensure the accuracy and reliability of data? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Data Accuracy and Reliability in Business Analytics
Data accuracy is the extent to which data accurately represents the actual world entities or events they are intended to portray. Data reliability is the consistency and trustworthiness of the data over different platforms and user. Together, the reliability and accuracy are the basis of high-quality data. This is the primary factor determining the value of business analytics. Even the most sophisticated
Q.3. Discuss how mobile and location-based Market Basket Analysis could be used in the future. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Market Basket Analysis and Mobile Integration
Market Basket Analysis (MBA) is a data mining technique that helps to identify the items most frequently purchased through transaction records that allow retailers to make strategically-sound decisions regarding product placement, promotional bundling, and cross-selling. Algorithms for mining association rules, such as Apriori and FP Growth discover rules such as “customers who purchase X purchase Y”
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Discuss in detail how decision trees work in classification problems. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Decision Trees in Classification
A decision tree is a supervised machine learning algorithm that solves problem of classification by learning the hierarchical order of rules for decision based on labeled training data and representing these rules in a tree-like structure which can be walked through to predict the class of previously unobserved observations. The tree’s architecture is made up of a root node in the uppermost level, and internal decision nodes that are at the intermediate level as well as leaf nodes at the
Q.5. Explain the Data Mining Process. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
The Data Mining Process
It is the method of obtaining previously undiscovered important, complicated, but potentially helpful patterns, relationships and knowledge from large datasets. The process of mining data isn’t a one-time procedure but rather a structured, iterative, multi-stage workflow that converts organizational data into useful knowledge. This framework, known as the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) is the most widely adopted approach to this, providing a structured
Q.6. Discuss some of the challenges that organizations may face in managing data. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Challenges in Organizational Data Management
Data management is now one of the most crucial capabilities that an organisation can create, as it provides the basis for analytics, artificial intelligence in regulatory compliance, the highest quality of customer service. But managing data at massive scale is a challenge for technical, organizational, and regulatory challenges that many enterprises are struggling with and hinder them from achieving the full potential value of their data assets. Recognizing and solving the challenges presented is essential to create a data-driven company.
Data Volume,
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | V |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3121 STORE OPERATIONS AND JOB KNOWLEDGE |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Elaborate the process of opening and closing a retail store. Discuss the importance of store key management and the checklist used for store opening and closing. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The procedures for closing and opening of stores are crucial operational procedures that make sure that a store operates effectively, securely and effectively. The routines are designed to protect valuable assets, assure employee safety as well as ensure that standards are met and ensure a consistent customers’ experience, which builds a retailer’s image. The effective management of these everyday practices is a fundamental duty for every retailers’ managers.
Store Opening Process
The opening process begins
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Q.2. Discuss the role of visual merchandising in the functioning of a retail store. Explain the responsibilities of a visual merchandiser and the importance of signage in stores. (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Visual merchandising is the practice of displaying products and organizing the retail environment to maximize customer involvement, increase customer interaction and eventually increase sales. It blends the principles of psychology, design, and retail strategies to design engaging in-store experiences that separate a retailer from competitors and create a strong brand ima
Q.3. Explain the concept of a distribution centre in retailing. Discuss its activities, duties and responsibilities of the distribution centre head. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Distribution centers are specialized warehouse facility that receives the products of suppliers, then consolidates and sorts it, and distribute it to retail stores according to their specific demands for stock. It is the critical supply chain link that enables retailers to ensure efficient replenishing of stock, cut cost, and sustain product availability levels that sustain the customer’s satisfaction as well as sales.
Concept and Function of a
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Analyse the role and functions of the Human Resource Department in retail stores. Discuss recruitment, training, and motivation of employees. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
The Human Resource Department in retail stores play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of a staff who provide customer service high-quality and efficiency. Retail is an industry that relies on human resources where employee capability, motivation, and retention directly determine the overall quality of customer experiences and financial performance that differentiate profitable retailers from others.
Role and Functions of the
Q.5. Discuss the concept of customers in retail stores. Explain customer buying behaviour and the process of handling customer complaints and suggestions. (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Knowing your customers is the fundamental element of all successful retail strategy. The customers of retail are not an homogeneous set of people but rather they are a variety of individuals with distinct motivations, buying patterns, tastes, and demands. A successful retail management strategy requires the ability to understand how customers think, what drives their purchase decisions, as well as how to handle their complaints and recommendations in ways that create an ongoing
Q.6. What do you understand by the concept and importance of store audit. Discuss the main parameters used for evaluating a retail store during an audit. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
A store audit is an objective, organized evaluation of the store’s performance on commercial, operational and customer service aspects. Management is provided with an objective evaluation of the store’s compliance with standards, identification improvements that could be made, and the ability to benchmark the performance of different stores in a network of retail stores.
Concept of Store Audit
A store audit involves the inspection and review of the retail establishment against a predefined set of guidelines
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | V |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3122 LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Describe the Logistics mix in detail. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The logistics mix refers to the intersection of various key elements that a company integrates to design and execute an efficient logistics process. Just as the marketing mix blends the factors of price, product, and promotion decisions The logistics mix blends several operational elements to achieve an efficient, reliable and cost-effective transportation and storage of products from their source until the end consumer.
Transportation
Transport is the primary cost element in many logistical systems, and it involves the physical transportation of goods between different locations. Companies choose between rail, road and sea modes
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Q.2. Explain Porter’s value chain model. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Porter’s model for value chains which was created through Michael Porter in his 1985 book Competitive Advantage, presents a systematic framework for analyzing the specific activities through which an organization creates value for its customers, and also generates the competitive advantage. It breaks a business down into activities that are strategically important to understand their contribution to cost behavior and differentiation potential.
Overview of the
Q.3. Explain the principles of material handling. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Material handling is the transportation, security as well as the storage and monitoring of materials and products throughout the manufacturing, warehouses distribution and delivery process. Applying sound material handling principles can reduce operational expenses, enhance security, improves throughput efficiency and helps minimize damage to the product throughout the supply chain from receipt to last delivery.
Principle of Planning
The entire process of handling
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. What is a storehouse? Explain the daily activities of the storehouse. (2+8 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
A storehouse, also referred to as a shop or storeroom is a specific facility in an organisation where the materials, components, spare parts as well as finished products and even supplies are collected, stocked and then distributed in a systematic and controlled procedure. It serves as the critical connection between production and procurement or distribution. It ensures that items are in stock when required while controlling inventory investment as well as avoiding losses.
Definition and Purpose of a
Q.5. Describe the different phases of customer service in detail. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Logistics customer service refers to all the activities that a business performs to make sure that its customers get their items in the correct manner, fully in time and any issues with service are resolved promptly and satisfactorily. It’s a crucial strategic differentiator for supply chain and logistics, directly influencing the retention of customers, the brand’s reputation and overall profit of the customer relationship.
Pre-Transaction Phase
Q.6. Bring out the benefits and challenges of the logistics information system. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
The logistics information system (LIS) is a system that integrates equipment, software, data processes, personnel, and data that collects, processes, storage, and exchanges logistics-related information to support preparation, execution and monitoring of supply chain activity. It’s the foundational technology which allows modern logistics operations to run at speeds, accuracy as well as transparency that consumers and market leaders require.
Benefits of the Logistics Information System
The most transformative benefit, enabling
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | V |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3123 BUYING |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What are the key factors that make planned buying essential in retail? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The term “planned buying” refers to the systematic and data-driven approach to purchasing products in advance, based on forecasted demand from customers in addition to sales forecasts and inventory requirements. It’s an essential practice in management of retail which ensures that the appropriate items are on the market in right quantities at the right moment, while balancing the two risk of overstocked stocks.
Demand
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Q.2. Analyse the significance of social media monitoring in gathering primary data. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Social media monitoring is an organized tracking the analysis and interpretation of posts, discussions as well as trends, moods and sentiments across various social media platforms in order to collect actionable market data. Retail buying teams will appreciate it because it’s a great resource of first-hand data that captures genuine, unsolicited consumer opinions at a scale and at a speed traditional
Q.3. Explain the stages of the buying decision making process. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The buying decision making process within retail is a structured sequence of activities by which the retail buyer analyzes options for merchandise, picks supplier, negotiates conditions and commits budgets for purchasing. This process is understood to ensure the buying decision is systified as well as commercially sound as well as aligned with company-wide merchandise strategies.
Stage One – Need Recognition and Range Planning
The first step is to determine
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Describe the steps for analysing a foreign market and their importance in the buying process. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Foreign market analysis is the thorough evaluation of foreign markets as potential sources of merchandise or as target markets for retail expansion. For consumers, it gives the market information needed to make informed global sourcing choices that are balanced between quality, cost, reliability as well as supply chain risk with a variety of sourcing choices across different
Q.5. Evaluate the significance of vendors in the retail supply chain and highlight the key characteristics that set them apart from other types of suppliers. (3+4+3 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Vendors are manufacturers and manufactures who sell their products to retail organizations for resale for sale to customers. They are fundamental participants in the retail supply chain which creates the supply flow that allows retailers to satisfy the needs of their customers. Recognizing their value and unique attributes helps the buying teams of retailers make supply-chain partnerships that can
Q.6. Explore the significance of negotiation in the retail sector. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Retail negotiation is the structured process through which buyers and sellers negotiate an agreement that is mutually agreeable in the provision of products, covering price, quality, delivery, payment in exclusivity, commercial support. This is among the most commercially impactful skills in retail buying, directly impacting gross margin performance along with supply reliability as well as competitive differentiation that underpin successful financial management of retailers.
Price and
SESSION JAN – FEB 2026
PROGRAM BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER V
COURSE CODE & NAME DBB3124 VISUAL MERCHANDISING
Assignment Set – 1
Ans 1.
Visual merchandising is the process and science of showing products in a retail environment to maximize customer engagement, increase interaction with the product, and inspire purchase decisions. It blends psychology, design and strategy for commercial for creating memorable in-store experiences that promote brand image and convert footfall into sales revenue.
Concept and Importance of Visual Merchandising
Visual merchandising is a broad term that covers the entire range of activities that influence and improve how the merchandise is presented for customers to purchase in a store environment. It includes layout of stores as
Ans 2.
Visual merchandising is a key function in translating a retailer’s strategic positioning into a real-time, tangible experience for customers. Within the Indian retail industry, in which modern organized retail has grown quickly, along with traditional trade, VM has become an increasing important differentiator, allowing retailers to define and convey their brand’s credibility to an evolving and aspirational consumer base.
VM and Retail Positioning Strategy in India
The positioning strategy of
Ans 3.
The phrase “merchandise mix” is used to describe all the products available to sell, which is defined by dimensions of width, depth as well as consistency and the price. The strategy of assortment is the careful selection of this mix so that it can satisfy the needs of the buyer in a complete manner as well as maximizing commercial profit and differentiation from competing retailers.
Concept of
Assignment Set – 2
Ans 4.
Visual merchandising practices vary significantly across different retail formats, in line with the unique expectations of consumers and expectations, business objectives, physical spaces, and positions of every format. Recognizing the ways in which VM can be adapted to different formats helps retailers use the appropriate strategies to their specific context and customer base.
VM in Department Stores and Specialty Stores
Department stores such as Lifestyle or Shoppers Stop use VM to develop distinct brands within the department. Customers
Ans 5.
Visual merchandising is experiencing a transformative change driven by technology innovation as well as shifting consumer habits, sustainability imperatives, and the changing role of physical retail within an omnichannel commerce environment. Understanding these trends enables retailers to make investments in the capabilities that will sustain competitive differentiate themselves in the fast-changing marketplace of the next decade.
Technology Integration and Digital VM
Digital technology
Ans 6.
Non-store retail merchandise refers to every aspect of product display and marketing activities conducted outside traditional physical retail stores. This includes platforms for digital commerce catalog retail, television trading exhibitions, shopping channels direct selling and pop-up formats that present merchandise for sale to buyers through channels other to permanent brick-and-mortar stores.
Digital Product Presentation Techniques
Presentation of goods on E-Commerce involves translating the experiences of retail in appealing digital versions. Professional product photography using various angles, zoom options, lifestyle context shots, as well as
SESSION JAN – FEB 2026
PROGRAM BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER V
COURSE CODE & NAME DBB3125 WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT
Assignment Set – 1
Ans 1.
Warehouse management is the art that controls all the activities in an organization for that the facility is efficient in receiving, storing transport, distribution and transportation of products in a manner that support the service delivery as well as the cost-efficiency goals of the broader supply chain. Modern supply chains warehouses have evolved from inactive storage facilities to operational value-adding processes that allow for competitive services.
Storage and Inventory Buffering
The most important function in warehouse management is availability of storage facilities that can buffer the time of supply and the timing of demand. In the case of seasonal production, it is necessary to store the goods throughout all year long for peak demand times. Also, production runs of economic sizes often exceed needs for immediate consumption, leading to storage of surplus production until consumption slowly depletes the storage. Warehouse management is a way to ensure that this
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Ans 2.
Design and layout for warehouses decide the effectiveness of how space, labour, equipment, and time are used within storage facilities. An efficient warehouse design minimizes the need for transportation, enhances the density of storage ensures safe and efficient processes, and offers the capacity to be flexible to evolving demand for business and mix of products demands over time.
Space Utilization and Storage Density
Layout of the
Ans 3.
Warehouse inventory management covers the policies, systems, and techniques used to control the quantity and location, as well as the condition and the cost of every item that is kept in the warehouse. An efficient inventory management strategy balances the burden of holding too much inventory with the failures in service which result from having too much stock and maximizing the overall inventory amount required for achieving the targeted standards of customer service.
ABC
Assignment Set – 2
Ans 4.
Order picking is the process of retrieving the specific products that are specified in the customer’s order from the storage areas in the warehouse, and then assembling them to be shipped. It is typically the most time-consuming and labor-intensive work in a warehouse taking up a significant share of the operational expenses, which makes its layout, organization and implementation a crucial determinant of overall warehouse performance.
Overview of the Order Picking Process
The process for picking starts when an order is made and transferred to the warehouse management software, which produces a pick list that specifies the quantities of products, items and the storage facilities needed. The list of items is given to the picker or group and transmitted by handheld
Ans 5.
Security and safety are the primary duties in the management of warehouses safeguarding employees against injury, preventing inventory losses, keeping track of regulatory compliance as well as ensuring the continuity of operations of supply chains reliant on the warehouse demand. An effective safety and security system includes operations procedures, physical controls technologies, as well as management practices.
Health and Safety Management
Warehouses pose a variety of safety risks including fork truck and pedestrian accidents, handling injuries caused by
Ans 6.
Technology has transformed warehouse management from a mostly manual document-based procedure to an efficient, automated system that is that can process large amounts of data that are fast and accurate. The use of warehouse management systems, automation equipment and newer technologies is fundamentally reshaping the performance, accuracy and capability to manage strategic aspects of warehouse operations in the modern era.
Warehouse
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3201 CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What is Customer Relationship Management (CRM)? Explain its significance in developing long-term relationships with customers and describe the economic aspects of CRM. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The Customer Relationship Management is a business strategy that integrates processes, technology, and people to manage and enhance an organization’s interactions with both current and potential customers. CRM concentrates on establishing trust over time by learning about customer demands, providing personalised services as well as maximizing the customer’s lifetime worth across every touchpoint.
Significance of CRM in
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Q.2. Describe the process of adopting and implementing CRM. Also explain the key stages involved in the CRM cycle. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
CRM adoption is a structured system that alters the way a business manages customer relationships by integrating strategies, process design technology, culture, and transformation. The successful implementation of CRM requires careful planning in a variety of dimensions to make sure the system delivers the intended benefits for the business.
CRM Adoption and Implementation Process
Implementation begins with a
Q.3. Explain the importance of CRM in BFSI industries (Banking, Insurance, Small Finance, and Loans). Discuss the main components of CRM in BFSI with appropriate examples. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance industry is the highly competitive, trust-based business environment in which customer relations directly influence the business’s performance. CRM is particularly valuable in BFSI since customers usually have several products from a single supplier and have high-
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Describe the role of interactive technologies in Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Also explain the different categories of technologies and their product solutions available in the CRM marketplace. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Interactive technologies are digital devices and platforms that allow real-time, two-way communication between the customer and company and transform CRM from the management of data to a flexible engagement platform. They allow organizations to interact with their customers on multiple channels at the same time, personalizing each touchpoint depending on the customer’s information
Q.5. Explain the importance of adopting a relationship-oriented approach in CRM. In what ways does customer-focused marketing contribute to building sustainable business processes? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
A relationship-oriented approach in CRM shifts organizational focus from individual transactions to the total value of the customer relationship over time. It prioritizes mutual benefit over long-term over short-term maximization of sales, building the trust and loyality that help sustain the business’s
Q.6. Discuss the role of customer retention in CRM. How can organizations gain insights from customer loss and measure the success of their retention strategies? (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Customer retention is the ability of an organization to maintain the customers it has in place over time and stop them from transferring to rivals. In CRM, retention is an essential strategic goal as long-term customers are able to generate income at much lower costs as compared to newly purchased ones so retention rates are a crucial element of profitability for businesses.
Role of Customer Retention in CRM
In CRM,
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3202 DIGITAL MARKETING |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain in detail various communication modes in E-Marketing. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The term “E-Marketing” refers to all electronic channels and ways through the use of which companies interact with customers as well as potential customers and other stakeholders on the internet. Effective e-marketing requires selecting the right communication methods and then integrating them into a system which can be used to connect with the targeted audience using their preferred channels by delivering consistent and engaging messages.
Email Marketing
Personalized email
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Q.2. Describe different types of Digital Ecosystem. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
A digital ecosystem is an interconnected system of digital objects, such as platforms, organisations as well as users and technology that collaborate and trade value in a virtual environment. Knowing about digital ecosystems can help businesses understand where they play in creating value as well as how digital influences influence the competitive dynamics of their market.
Platform Ecosystems
Platform ecosystems add value by facilitating interactions between different users. Amazon has a connection between buyers and third-party sellers, which allows both to conduct transactions while Amazon earns
Q.3. Discuss the concept of social media tools with example. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The tools for social media are digital tools, apps, and software that enable users to share, create, and engage with posts on social media sites online. Social media tools are a great tool for marketers. tools provide unprecedented access to target audiences, two-way communication capabilities, and tangible engagement data that traditional media channels are unable to provide.
Content Creation and
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. “Brands and emotions have a powerful relationship in the world of marketing”. Explain the given statement. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
The link between brands and emotions is one of the most extensively studied and critically important phenomenon in the field of marketing. The impact of emotions is evident at every step in the buyer’s decision-making process beginning with the initial focus and recall to purchase choices, product usage experiences, and after-purchase loyalties. Brands who can successfully create positive emotional
Q.5. Write your understanding about E Commerce application. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
E-commerce applications are software platforms with digital components that can facilitate the exchange of commercial information between buyers and sellers through the internet. They cover the tech infrastructure and user interfaces, as well as transaction processing, inventory management and logistics coordination. All of these make up the online commerce experiences used by billions of
Q.6. Explain campaign management using Facebook. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Facebook campaign management entails the deliberate planning, execution optimizing, and evaluating paid ads through Meta’s advertising platform. With 330 million members across India, Facebook provides unparalleled audiences and has sophisticated tools for targeting that allow advertisers to connect with precisely targeted customer segments with personalized messages.
Campaign
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3311 TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Evolution and Impact of Technology in Business Technology has transformed modern organizations and industries across the world. a) Explain the concept and meaning of technology management and its importance in modern organizations. b) Discuss the evolution and growth of technology and how it has influenced industrial development. c) Explain the role of technology management in improving organizational productivity and efficiency. d) Provide examples of how businesses use technology to gain competitive advantage.
Ans 1.
Technology management is the integrated planning, implementation, evaluation, and control of technological capabilities to shape and accomplish organizational objectives. It bridges technical expertise and business strategy, ensuring that technology investments deliver measurable value rather than remaining isolated technical projects disconnected from commercial priorities.
Concept and Importance of
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Q.2. Technology Forecasting and Strategic Planning Technology forecasting helps organizations anticipate technological changes and make strategic decisions. a) Define technology forecasting and explain its importance in technology management. b) Discuss the different approaches and methods of technological forecasting. c) Identify common mistakes in technology forecasting and how organizations can avoid them. d) Explain how forecasting helps organizations in long-term strategic planning and innovation.
Ans 2.
Technology forecasting is the systematic prediction of future technological developments, their timing, and their potential impact on industries, markets, and organizations. It enables businesses to anticipate technological shifts rather than react to them, providing the forward visibility needed for informed strategic investment, capability development, and competitive positioning decisions.
Importance and Methods
Q.3. Technology Strategy and Competitive Advantage Technology strategy plays a critical role in the success of modern businesses. a) Define technology strategy and explain its importance in organizational growth. b) Discuss the elements of an effective technology strategy. c) Explain the relationship between technology strategy and innovation management. d) Describe how organizations can develop a framework for integrating technology strategy with business strategy.
Ans 3.
A technology strategy is the deliberate plan that defines how an organization will acquire, develop, and deploy technological capabilities to achieve its commercial objectives and outperform competitors. It integrates technology investment decisions with broader business strategy, ensuring that technological choices serve market positioning rather than existing as independent
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Technology Transfer and Its Models Technology transfer enables organizations and countries to acquire and implement new technologies. a) Define technology transfer and explain its significance in business development. b) Discuss the process and stages involved in technology transfer. c) Compare traditional and qualitative models of technology transfer. d) Identify the challenges faced in technology transfer and possible solutions.
Ans 4.
Technology transfer is the process by which knowledge, skills, innovations, manufacturing methods, and technologies developed in one organization or country are shared with and adopted by another. It is a critical mechanism for industrial development, organizational capability building, and the diffusion of innovations beyond their original creators to broader economic and
Q.5. Human Aspects in Technology Management Successful technology implementation depends on people and organizational culture. a) Explain the integration of people and technology in organizations. b) Discuss organizational factors influencing technology adoption. c) Explain psychological factors affecting employees during technological change. d) Describe the impact of technology on human resource management.
Ans 5.
Successful technology management requires equal attention to human and organizational factors alongside technical implementation. Technology is ultimately deployed and operated by people, and its value is realized through human adoption, adaptation, and creative application. Organizations that neglect the human dimensions of technology management consistently underperform their technical investment potential.
Integration of
Q.6. Knowledge-Based Technology and Artificial Intelligence Modern organizations increasingly rely on knowledge management and AI technologies. a) Define knowledge-based technology management and its importance. b) Discuss various knowledge management tools used in organizations. c) Explain the role of Artificial Intelligence techniques in technology management. d) Describe the benefits of using AI and knowledge systems for organizational decision-making.
Ans 6.
Knowledge-based technology management is the systematic approach to creating, capturing, organizing, sharing, and applying organizational knowledge through technological systems to improve decision quality, innovation, and competitive performance. It recognizes organizational knowledge as a strategic asset that must be actively managed to prevent loss and maximize value creation.
Importance and
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3312 MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SKILLS |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Examine how management facilitates coordination and effective utilization of resources in organizations. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling organizational resources to achieve defined objectives effectively and efficiently. One of its most fundamental contributions is ensuring that the diverse activities, departments, and resources of an organization operate in coordinated harmony rather than in fragmented, conflicting ways that waste potential.
Coordination as a Core
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Q.2. Evaluate the importance of staffing in building an effective workforce. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Staffing is the management function concerned with obtaining, maintaining, and developing the human resources that organizations need to achieve their objectives. It encompasses recruitment, selection, placement, training, performance evaluation, promotion, and separation, forming the complete lifecycle of human resource management within the organizational context.
Importance and Strategic
Q.3. Evaluate how prioritization and planning influence effective time management in professional settings. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Time is the scarcest and most irreplaceable resource available to professionals and organizations. Effective time management through systematic prioritization and planning determines whether individuals and teams accomplish high-value work or consume effort on activities that
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Discuss the concept of negotiation and explain its importance in professional life. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Negotiation is the interactive process through which two or more parties with differing interests reach mutually acceptable agreements through communication, persuasion, and compromise. It is one of the most universally important professional skills, occurring across virtually every dimension of organizational life from commercial contracts and salary discussions through
Q.5. Describe the major leadership approaches and explain their role in guiding organizational behaviour. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Leadership is the process of influencing, motivating, and directing individuals and groups toward the achievement of organizational goals. Different leadership approaches have emerged from research and practice, each offering distinct frameworks for understanding how leaders shape organizational behavior, culture, and performance across diverse contexts.
Transformational and Transactional Leadership
Transformational
Q.6. Examine various communication channels and their role in ensuring effective organizational communication. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Organizational communication is the flow of information between individuals and groups within and between organizations. Effective communication is a fundamental prerequisite for coordination, decision-making, employee engagement, and organizational performance. The selection of appropriate communication channels for different messages and audiences significantly
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3313 ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the term Multinational Corporation. Describe the Components of Balance of Payments. (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Multinational corporations and the Balance of Payments framework are two foundational concepts in international economics that explain how large corporations operate across borders and how countries track their international economic transactions. Understanding both provides insight into the drivers of global investment flows and economic interdependence.
Multinational
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Q.2. Write a short note on Gold Standard. Elaborate the terms Hedging, Speculation and Arbitration. (3+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
The Gold Standard, hedging, speculation, and arbitrage are interconnected concepts in international finance and monetary history that together explain how exchange rates were historically anchored, how businesses manage currency risk, and how financial market participants seek to profit from price differentials.
The Gold Standard
Q.3. Differentiate between Currency Forwards and Currency Futures. Also discuss FDI and FPI in brief. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Currency forwards, currency futures, foreign direct investment, and foreign portfolio investment are four important instruments and channels of international finance that together facilitate global trade, investment, and risk management across the diverse needs of corporate, institutional, and sovereign participants in international financial markets.
Currency Forwards vs Currency Futures
Currency forwards are customized contracts between two parties to exchange specified amounts of two
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Discuss in detail the Special Rights and Challenges of IMF. Also write an Essay on World Bank. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank are the two central pillars of the post-World War II international economic architecture. Both were established at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944 and continue to play critical roles in supporting global economic stability and
Q.5. Explain the Challenges and Criticisms of WTO. Also discuss the Peacekeeping Operations of United Nations. (6+4 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
The World Trade Organization and the United Nations are the two most important universal multilateral institutions governing international trade and security respectively. Both face significant institutional challenges that have prompted debate about their effectiveness, governance, and reform needs in a changing geopolitical environment.
Challenges and
Q.6. Interpret the Functions and Objectives of Regional Development Banks. Comment on Economic Impacts of Pandemics. (6+4 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Regional development banks and the economic impacts of pandemics are two important topics in international economics that reveal how multilateral institutions support regional development and how global health crises generate profound and lasting economic consequences across all countrie
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3321 MODERN RETAIL MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the development of modern retailing and discuss the major retail formats in India. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Modern retailing has evolved from traditional unorganized trade through organized chains to a technologically advanced connected commerce. India’s sector of retail, the world’s fifth largest, has transformed over the past decades, fueled by urbanization an increase in income, international investment liberalization and the emergence of digital technology.
Development of Modern Retailing in India
Indian retailing developed through different stages. The period prior to liberalization was filled with small family-
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Q.2. What is multichannel retailing? List the importance of ownership structures in modern retail organizations. (2+8 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Multichannel retailing refers to the practice of selling goods through multiple distribution channels simultaneously giving customers the option of purchasing with the mix of stores, web sites catalogues, mobile applications as well as social commerce platforms is most suitable for their needs. It’s now morphed into Omnichannel Retailing which integrates these channels to provide seamless customer
Q.3. Describe the process of developing an effective retail strategy. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Retail strategy is the comprehensive strategy that outlines how a retail organization will accomplish its commercial goals through creating a distinctive position in the marketplace, catering to specific customers, and using the resources needed to sustain a competitive advantages. The development of a successful strategy demands an analysis that is thorough, logical and a disciplined
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Elaborate on the advantages and challenges as a retail growth strategy. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Retail growth strategies enable organizations to increase their market share or revenue as well as improve their standing in the marketplace through various strategies for expansion, including an organic store rollout, franchising acquisitions, acquisitions, as well as the expansion of their operations internationally. Each approach to growth has distinct advantages while presenting specific
Q.5. Discuss the role of Information Technology in modern retailing. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Technology has revolutionized everything about modern retailing including customer interaction and managing supply chain to operational and an analysis of financial performance. IT capabilities now determine the competitive landscape in ways that were unimaginable prior to the age of digital retail.
Point of Sale and Customer
Q.6. List the ethical and legal aspects of retailing and explain the importance of corporate social responsibility in retail businesses. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Compliance with ethical and legal standards in retailing is both an ethical prerequisite and a critical requirement in the current climate of consumer awareness, public scrutiny on social media and customer expectations demand that retailers work with integrity, transparency and real dedication to social and environmental responsibility.
Ethical and Legal
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3322 RETAIL PROJECT PROPERTY |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Discuss the duties and professional role of a property manager. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Property managers are professional appointed by the developers or owners of the property to oversee the day-to-day operational management including tenant relations, economic performance, as well as physical maintenance of a real property asset. In the case of retail property, the property manager serves as the primary point of contact between the owner and retail customers, making sure that the property is able to fulfill its commercial potential, while also safeguarding the asset’s long-term value.
Tenant Management
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Q.2. Elaborate the importance of evaluating property through physical and financial appraisal. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
The appraisal of property is a systematic assessment of the value conditions, state, and commercial potential of a property asset by conducting a visual inspection as well as financial analysis. When it comes to retail property, an accurate appraisals are essential to leasing negotiations, investment decisions managing portfolios, as well as strategic plans for the future of the asset.
Physical Appraisal and Its Importance
Physical appraisal includes a detailed examination of the property’s structural condition, building services, location specifics
Q.3. Write about the concept of strategic property management and justify its importance in the retail property industry. (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Strategic property management is the way to manage real estate properties in accordance with the owners’ overarching goals for investment, the portfolio’s strategy and goals for market positioning. The approach goes beyond operating management that is reactive to enhance asset performance through planned interventions, active management of assets and portfolio-wide decision-making.
Concept of Strategic
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. List the importance of managing retail property and discuss the different ways to manage retail property effectively. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
An effective and efficient management of retail property is essential to sustain economic performance, maintaining asset value, maintaining tenant satisfaction, and creating the experience of shopping that boosts footfall and sales. Retail formats change and consumer expectations rise in the realm of property management, quality becomes an ever more important competitive distinction
Q.5. Explain the key factors involved in negotiating and managing retail leases. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Retail lease negotiation and management includes a myriad of legal and business issues that have a significant impact on tenants’ economics as well as the landlord’s investment return. Being aware of these key elements allows both parties to negotiate agreements that balance their respective desires while building the long-lasting business relationships that are essential to the successful retail buildings.
Rent Structure and
Q.6. Elucidate how technological and social changes influence the retail property industry. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
The retail property industry undergoes a radical structural change due to technological change and changing values of society. These changes are altering the types of spaces retailers require, the quality of experience are expected of consumers, and the decision-making decisions property owners and developers have to take to ensure the viability of their commercial properties.
Technology
| SESSION | JAN – FEB 2026 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | VI |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB3323 MERCHANDISING AND SUPPLY CHAIN |
Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What do you understand by the term ‘Retailing’? Explain different types of retailing. (2+8 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Retailing is the sale of goods and services to the ultimate consumer for personal or household usage. It is the final stage of distribution between manufacturers and wholesalers on one side and consumers on the other. Retailing covers all the activities associated with the sale of goods or services in small quantities to individuals for personal, family or household use rather than resale or commercial use.
Store-Based Retailing
Department
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Q.2. Explain different types of supply chain strategies. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Supply chain strategy is the highest-level program that outlines the structure of an organization’s purchase, production, inventory and distribution operations in order to provide products to its customers effectively and efficiently. Businesses employ various strategies for their supply chains based on their product characteristics, customer demands, and position requirements.
Lean Supply Chain Strategy
The strategy of lean
Q.3. Write a detailed note on management of Product Life Cycle. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The Life Cycle of a Product Life Cycle is a marketing notion that outlines the stages an item goes through beginning with its launch in the marketplace until its final declining and retraction. Each stage must be managed effectively, which will require distinct pricing, marketing and supply chain strategies to match the market and demand conditions characteristic of each stage.
Introduction Stage
During introduction, the
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. What do you mean by Energy House? Give a brief description of measures adopted for retail distribution and replenishment. (2+8 = 10 Marks)
Energy House in the retail context refers to a centralized functional hub, or distribution facility specially designed to improve the energy efficiency of logistics that coordinates product distribution as well as replenishment functions in a retail system with minimum environmental impact and maximum operational efficiency.
Measures for Retail Distribution
Hub and spoke distribution networks connect the distribution of regional centers that allow individual stores to be supplied in scheduled delivery. This method consolidates multiple suppliers’ deliveries to the hub,
Q.5. Explain the term Information System. Also, throw some light on the components of information system. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Information systems are an organised combination of humans with hardware, software network communications, data resources and methods that gathers, processes, stores, and distributes information for decision-making, coordination, control analytics, and visualisation in an organisation. For retail and supply chain management, information systems form the technological
Q.6. Elaborate the concept of category management. Discuss the process of category management. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Category management refers to a retailing and supply chain management concept in which categories of products are controlled by strategic business units rather than as product lines. Every category is considered a distinct business having its own goals strategy, tactics, as well as performance metrics. decision-making about range of products price, positioning, and promotions