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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DFIN401 INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the factors that cause a Current Account Deficit. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The term “Current Account Deficit” (CAD) happens at the point that the total amount of products, services income, and current transfers a country imports exceeds what it exports. It is a key component of the Balance of Payments (BOP) which reflects the nation’s net financial position compared to other countries of the world over the course of.
Trade Imbalance in Goods
The primary cause for a
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Q.2. Explain various derivative instruments traded in Foreign Exchange market. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Derivative instruments within the foreign exchange market are financial contracts, whose value comes from the base exchange rates for currency. They are employed by companies banks, financial institutions, importers, exporters, and investors to mitigate risk of currency as well as gain exposure to markets and arbitrage the price difference across markets. The four primary instruments for forex are forwards, futures, options, and swaps.
Forward Contracts
Q.3. Explain financial instruments and techniques such as factoring, forfeiting, and countertrade used in international trade. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
International trade calls for specialized financial instruments beyond conventional bank lending due to the distinct risk posed by geographical distance, various legal frameworks, exposure to currency and the ambiguity of creditworthiness of buyers from abroad. Factoring, forfeiting and countertrade are three key strategies which facilitate financing international trade as well as reduce the possibility of not being
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Discuss the different types of foreign exchange exposures and the translation methods used to measure them. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
The term “expense to foreign exchange” refers to how much the company’s financial position as well as cash flow profits are impacted by fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Controlling exposure is a crucial aspect of global financial management. Exposures are classified as three categories: translation, transaction exchange, and economic exposure.
Transaction Exposure
Risk of transactions arises
Q.5. What is the nature of international capital structure? Explain how it is measured? (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
International capital structure refers the blend of debt as well as equity financing that a multinational firm uses across its global activities, which includes the main company and all its subsidiaries operating in various currencies and nations. Finding the right international capital structure is considerably more difficult than the domestic decision-making on capital structure due to different tax laws as
Q.6. Briefly explain the procedure to measure country risk. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Country risk refers to the probability that a country may not be able or willing to fulfill its financial and commercial obligations to foreign creditors as well as investors. It covers political risk financial risk, risk to the economy and legal risk all of which may adversely influence the results of international trade, and loans. Multinational banks, multinational corporations and institutional investors
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DFIN402 TREASURY MANAGEMENT
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Critically analyze the role, significance, and need of treasury management in modern organizations. Evaluate how its key functions contribute to effective liquidity management, risk mitigation, and financial decision-making in a dynamic business environment. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Treasury management is the systematic management of a company’s finances, assets as well as funding and financial risk to enhance the company’s financial performance as well as ensure its continued ability to fulfill financial obligations. Modern organizations operate in the volatile world of markets, treasury management has evolved from a cash management back-office function to become an integral
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Q.2. Analyze the functions of financial markets and apply them to explain how financial markets facilitate efficient allocation of resources and capital formation in an economy. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Financial markets are a system of exchange that allow buyers and sellers to exchange financial assets, including stocks, bonds, currencies as well as derivatives and commodities. They perform several critical economic tasks that allow the efficient allocation of savings from investors to the most profitable investing opportunities within an economic system, which drives the creation of capital and growth in
Q.3. Explain the concept of treasury management and liquidity. Apply these concepts to illustrate how effective treasury management helps an organization maintain liquidity and ensure smooth financial operations. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Concept of Treasury Management
Treasury management encompasses both the operations and strategy-based management of the company’s cash as well as funding, liquidity, investment and exposures to financial risks to maximize financial performance and ensure the organization meets its financial obligations. As a fundamental aspect, treasury management ensures that the right amount of cash is available at the proper place and time at a minimal cost, all while taking care of the risks inherent in the financial markets. Modern corporate treasury functions manage not just cash-related operations on a daily basis but also longer
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain any two techniques used for measuring business risks in treasury management. How does an organization use these techniques to evaluate its financial risk exposure? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Technique 1: Value at Risk (VaR)
Value at Risk is an approach to statistical analysis that is used to quantify the maximum potential loss in the value of any portfolio or trade over a specified time horizon for a specific confidence level. For example, a daily VaR of 1 crore. 10 crore at 99 percent certainty means there is a 1 percent possibility that your portfolio would drop more than. 10 crore in a single day. Treasury departments rely on VaR in order to group exposures of interest rate, foreign exchange, and commodity risk positions into a
Q.5. Describe the concept of interest rate risk and discuss the various methods used to decrease it. Illustrate how these methods help organizations protect themselves against fluctuations in interest rates. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Concept of Interest Rate Risk
In the case of interest rate risk, it can result in negative changes in the market value of assets and liabilities, as well as in the liquid flows of financial instruments that result from movements in market interest rates. Organizations face interest rate risk through two primary ways. Price risk can affect the value of fixed rate loan and bonds. When interest rates increase and the current value of cash flows falls, reducing the market value of fixed rate assets and potentially triggering mark-to-market loss. Risk of cash flows affects floating-rate borrower; as base rates rise, interest rates on debt with variable
Q.6. Explain the various risk factors involved in forex trading and describe how each of these risks can affect traders and organizations dealing in foreign exchange. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Forex trading is the process of exchange of a particular currency against another and is the world’s most diversified and most liquid market for financial transactions and has daily volumes of trading over seven trillion US dollars. However, despite its ease of use, forex trading is a risk to both professionals and organisations that handle exposure to currencies. Risks in multiple categories impact people who trade on
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DFIN404 INSURANCE AND RISK MANAGEMENT
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the term risk and its interpretation in Insurance domain. Mention and explain the different types of Business and Personal Risk. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
It is the chance or chance that a certain event will occur that causes harm to, damage, or loss to a person, property, business, or financial position. In the insurance domain it is understood as the risk of losing which is the chance that a future event will result in financial losses that the insurer agrees to cover in exchange for a premium.
Interpretation of Risk
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Q.2. ‘Financial reporting refers to standard practices to give stakeholders the exact position of a company’s finances’. Explain the sentence with mentioning the importance of financial reporting in managing Insurance Operations. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Financial reporting in the insurance business is the process of preparing and releasing of financial data that clearly represents the financial position, performance, and liquidity of insurers for shareholders, policyholders and regulators as well as creditors and investors. The financial reports of insurance firms are particularly crucial because insurance companies manage public cash in the form insurance premiums and are responsible for the payment of future claims, which’s timing and size are inherently
Q.3. List and describe different types of riders for Life Insurance policies and illustrate the role of riders in Life Insurance policies. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Riders provide additional benefits to the basic life insurance policy for extra cost. They can increase the insurance coverage offered by the base plan without the need to purchase an additional policy. They permit policy holders to modify their insurance coverage according to their specific risk profile and financial needs at relatively low incremental cost.
Term Rider
A term rider provides
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Write and explain the Product development process in detail in Insurance. Also list the IRDA guideline principles for product development and design. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Development of products for insurance is the process that has been structured through the process of conceptualizing, designs, prices or tests new products in insurance or alters existing ones to address market needs. Because of the lengthy contractual obligations and oversight by regulators in the process, development of products for insurance is more complex and governed than product development in most
Q.5. What is Insurance Underwriting? Mention the types of Insurance Underwriting as well as the need and functions that underwriting plays in Insurance domain. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Insurance underwriting is the process that an insurance company evaluates an application’s risk, makes a decision, and determines which of its options to either accept or deny an insurance application, and on what price and in what conditions to offer coverage. This is the foundation of a sound insurance
Q.6. Describe Reinsurance in Insurance sector in light of key elements of Reinsurance along with its elements and Benefits. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Reinsurance is an arrangement in which a contract through which an insurance company (the ceding insurer, or the cedant) is able to transfer a certain portion of their risk portfolio to an insurance company (the reinsurer) to exchange an amount of the cost. This is basically insurance for insurance companies, enabling them to write larger risks, stabilise their financial position, and protect their capital against
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DHRM401 COMPENSATION MANAGEMENT
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain compensation management along with different components of Compensation under both Indirect and Direct Compensation? Explain the process of value-based compensation design with a structure. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Compensation Management
Compensation management is the approach of planning the, implementing and managing the complete reward system offered to employees in exchange of their contributions to the organization. This includes both monetary and non-monetary incentives that the company offers in order to attract to, motivate, and retain the workforce. Effective compensation management ensures internal equity (fairness among employees within the organization) External
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Q.2. Define methods, systems, and processes of job evaluation. Explain the concept of Equity at both Internal & External levels. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Job Evaluation – Definition and Purpose
Job evaluation is the systematic, analytical process of assessing the worth of different jobs within an organization, regardless of how well the employee working in the current position. It provides the objective foundation to design pay structures that are equitable by creating a rational classification of job positions according to their nature, content and requirements for skill, accountability as well as working
Q.3. Define Wage Policy. Describe the fundamental principles around which the wage policy is built? Explain the advantages of collective bargaining. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Wage Policy – Definition
Wage policy is the comprehensive list of policies, rules policies, regulations and rules that an organization or government sets up to regulate how wages and salaries are established as well as how they are structured, administered and periodically revised. On a national scale in India, the policy on wages is guided by legislation including legislation such as the Minimum Wages Act, the Payment of Wages Act, the Equal Remuneration Act, and the Code on Wages 2019 which unifies several statutes from
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Define concept of salary structure and elucidate different types of salary structure. Explain the various steps of salary designing. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Concept of Salary Structure
A salary structure is an system that allows an organization determines its pay rate for various positions or pay levels, as well as categories of employees. The structure defines the range of pay available for each job, or job family informing the minimum, middlepoint and the highest compensation at the various levels. An effective salary structure gives a logical, robust basis for making
Q.5. Briefly explain the concept and nature of Employee Benefits. Explain perks, fringe benefits and service with examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Concept and Nature of Employee Benefits
The benefits of employees are indirect, non-cash forms of compensation provided to employees in addition to the direct wage or salary. They reflect the investment of employers in the welfare of employees, their security as well as the quality of their working life that goes beyond immediate payment in cash. Benefits typically offered on a comprehensive basis for every employee or a defined group of employees and are not individualized, which makes them a form of group compensation
Q.6. Explain the objectives of Performance Management. Briefly explain the process of Performance Management by depicting it through a flowchart. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Objectives of Performance Management
Performance management is an extensive and continuous method by the employees and their managers collaborate to organize, monitor, review to improve their performance for achievement of the goals set for their organization. The goals are diverse and interconnected. Strategic Objective: The management of performance is a means of aligning individual goals for employees with company and departmental goals and ensures that each employee’s everyday work directly
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DHRM402 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT & APPRAISAL
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Differentiate between Performance Management and Performance Appraisal. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Performance Management vs Performance Appraisal
Performance appraisal and management of performance are closely related but fundamentally different terms in the field of human resource management which are frequently confused with one another. Knowing the differences between them is crucial for designing effective HR systems that truly improve overall and personal performance.
Nature and Scope
It is a broad ongoing, strategic, and forward-looking process that encompasses every aspect of identifying the need to
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Q.2. Explain control theory with its application in performance management. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Control Theory – Overview
Control theory can be described as a behavioral psychology model, which was most thoroughly constructed through William T. Powers in his Perceptual Control Theory and subsequently used to analyze organizational behavior through Charles Carver and Michael Scheier. The fundamental premise of controlling theory states that
Q.3. Describe the principles of performance management in brief. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Principles of Performance Management
Performance management systems that are designed well, effectively used, and really effective contain a number of core rules that differentiate them from merely administrative compliance activities. These principles reflect both behavioral science insights and practical experience gained from
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the components of feedback. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Components of Feedback in Performance Management
Feedback is the information provided to an individual or team on their performance, behaviour or results in relation to their expectations. In performance management, feedback is the most important method through which employees are able to learn about how they’re performing in relation to their performance, areas where they could improve, and what they’re doing very well. Effective feedback is not an easy decision, but rather an integrated process of communication that has distinct
Q.5. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Model 4 (Only Team Appraisal) of performance management. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Model 4: Only Team Appraisal
Model 4 of Performance Management evaluates only the collective performance as a whole rather than evaluating individual employees independently. In this approach, the team members receive a joint evaluation of performance based upon collective outcomes, and rewards including bonuses or merit
Q.6. Enumerate four advantages of automation of PM. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Automation of Performance Management
The term “performance management automation” refers to using dedicated HR platforms for technology, performance management tools, and integrated systems for managing human capital to digitize, streamline, and enhance the processes of goal setting, continuous feedback, monitoring of performance as well as appraisal and development plans. Manual, paper-based system for managing
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DHRM404 CHANGE MANAGEMENT
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. List the factors which have the capacity of influencing the process of communicating change. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Factors Influencing Communication of Change
Communication of organizational change efficiently is among the most challenging and critical leadership responsibilities in change management. Studies consistently show that inadequate change communication is among the leading causes for failing to implement change initiatives. The process of communicating change is shaped by a complex array of relational, organizational and cultural factors leaders must comprehend and manage deliberately to achieve the level of clarity, trust and
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Q.2. What do you understand by driving forces? Also explain three basic forms of change. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Driving Forces for Organizational Change
They are the forces, factors, and influences which originate inside or outside the organization -they push or pull an organization towards change through not being satisfied with its existing situation, discovering new possibilities, or even threatening organizational survival and competitive relevance if change is not undertaken. The work of Kurt Lewin’s Force Field Analysis conceptualizes organizational
Q.3. Explain Organized Resistance. Highlight various behavioural reactions of employees towards change. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Organized Resistance to Change
Organized resistance to change refers to a coordinated, collective opposition towards organizational changes initiated by a group of employees working together through formal or informal structure. Unlike individual resistance, which is most often private, and reflected in individual behavior the organized opposition is noticeable, which is potentially more powerful, and typically channeled by established methods, such as trade union action, employee representative bodies and
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Throw some light on individual skills sets in Learning Organisations. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Individual Skill Sets in Learning Organizations
A Learning Organization, as conceptualized as conceived by Peter Senge in The Fifth Discipline, is an organization that has members who constantly expand their capacity to create what they want to see in a place where innovative and new patterns of thinking are nurtured while collective aspirations
Q.5. Explain various reasons responsible for individuals resisting change. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Individual Resistance to Change
Change resistance is a common, universal psychological response through which individuals defend themselves against the fear as well as the uncertainty and threats that changing their workplaces pose. Rather than
Q.6. Write a short note on “organizational culture”. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Organizational Culture
Organizational culture is the shared set of beliefs, values, assumptions, norms, rituals, symbols, and behavioral expectations that collectively dictate the ways things are carried out in a company and influence the actions and behavior of its employees. It is the normative glue that keeps an organization in place by providing members with common references, as well as shared expectations regarding
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DIBM401 FOREIGN TRADE OF INDIA
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the meaning of international trade, its scope, importance and challenges. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
International trade is trade of goods such as services, capital, and other items over national boundaries between nations. It’s a key factor in global integration. It allows nations to concentrate on producing the goods and services they are best at, and then trade with what they want increasing productivity, income, and the quality of life for consumers across the globe.
Scope and Importance of International Trade
The scope of international trade includes the trade of physical merchandise, services trade that covers tourism, banking,
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Q.2. Write short note on India’s Foreign Trade Policy and Its Evolution. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
India’s Foreign Trade Policy is the complete set of rules, policies, incentives, and institutional frameworks that govern the country’s trade and export activities. It’s formulated in the Ministry of Commerce and Industry and is administered by the Directorate General of Foreign Trade and has evolved significantly since the highly controlled import substitution time to the present open trade regime.
Historical
Q.3. Explain in detail the institutional framework for export promotion in India. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The structure for institutional export promotion in India includes a range of autonomous government agencies, export board, commodity councils and financial institutions that collectively support Indian exporters with access to international markets, enhancing the quality of their products, complying with the regulatory environment, and financing export-related operatio
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. What do you understand by export incentives? Explain the benefits of export incentives for exporters. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Export incentives are policies including financial rewards, concessions in administration offered by the government to encourage as well as support the export of Indian businesses. They compensate exporters for duties paid on inputs, reduce costs of transactions with exports as well as increase the cost quality of
Q.5. Write short notes on: (1) Export Oriented Unit (EOU) Scheme, (2) Special Economic Zones (SEZ) and their role in India. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Export Oriented Units and Special Economic Zones are two distinct, but complementary policy instruments that provide duty and tax concessions to manufacturing and service enterprises committed to exporting the entirety of their primary production. These schemes are designed to draw investment, create
Q.6. Write short notes on: (1) World Trade Organization and its dispute settlement system, (2) Intellectual Property Rights. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
The World Trade Organization and the international intellectual property rights framework together form two of the principal pillars of the international trading system built on rules. It is important to know both for businesses engaged with cross-border trading and investments in a more interconnected
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DIBM402 GLOBAL LOGISTICS AND DISTRIBUTION
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. (a) What are the production dispersion strategies to promote global trade? (b) How can cultural differences impact the logistics industry? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Global distribution and logistics depend on strategic decisions about what and where to source items internationally as well as the capability to deal with the differences in culture that affect business relationships, communication, and operational practices across the diverse national environments in which global supply chains operate.
Part A – Production Dispersion Strategies
Production dispersion is the process of distributing manufacturing activities across multiple geographic places to take advantage of comparative cost advantages, gain access to new markets and decrease supply chain
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Q.2. (a) What are the primary types of seaports? State their challenges and benefits. (b) Write a short note on the history of ships and shipping in India. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Seaports and shipping are essential to global trade which accounts for about 80 percent of international trade volume. Understanding seaport types and the evolution of the seaport industry over time Indian shipping provide a crucial context for global logistics management decisions.
Part A – Types of Seaports, Their Benefits and Challenges
Container ports handle standardized shipping containers that carry large quantities of manufactured products in
Q.3. (a) What are the key components of charter agreement for shipping? (b) What is the impact of ocean liner contract system on global logistics? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Liner contracts and charter agreements are two of the most fundamental arrangements for commercial transactions for the transfer of cargo on the ocean. Recognizing their primary components and commercial implications is essential for firms involved in international commerce who
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. (a) Explain the role of cargo insurance in international air transportation. (b) What are the challenges associated with road transportation in India? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Transport by road and air are critical components of multimodal supply chain. Cargo insurance helps protect against the financial risks of air freight loss, and being aware of the road transportation challenges is necessary for the development of efficient domestic distribution networks that feed India’s international trade infrastructure.
Part A – Cargo Insurance in International Air Transportation
Cargo insurance for international air
Q.5. (a) What is the role of logistics intermediaries used in E-Commerce? (b) What are some common Incoterms used in international trade? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
E-commerce logistics and standardized trade terms comprise two key aspects of the global economy. Logistics intermediaries enable e-commerce businesses to grow their fulfillment services as Incoterms
Q.6. (a) Explain the features of documentation related to global logistics. (b) What are the issues associated with importing and exporting in global sourcing? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Documentation and compliance with trade regulations are crucial operational aspects of global logistics, which determine the pace, price as well as the legality of international transport. Understanding both logistics documentation requirements and the associated challenges of trading in global sourcing
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DIBM403 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Discuss the nature, importance, and scope of the International Business Environment, and explain how different environmental factors influence international business decisions. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The global business environment includes every external force and condition which affect how companies manage their business in countries that are not part of the same. Understanding its nature, scope, and impact on business decisions is fundamental for businesses operating within and entering the global market.
Nature and Scope
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Q.2. Explain the international economic environment with reference to the world economic and trading system. Discuss the role of major international economic institutions and agreements including GSP and international commodity agreements in promoting global trade. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
The world’s economic climate is the macroeconomic as well as institutional framework in which the global economy is a place for investment and trade. Economic institutions, international and agreements define these rules and incentives, as well as power dynamics, that define how businesses and nations can participate in the world economy.
The World Economic and Trading System
The post-war world
Q.3. Examine the legal and regulatory framework governing international business in India including IT Act, FEMA, Competition Act, Negotiable Instruments Act, and Consumer Protection Laws. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
India’s legal framework for international business includes a myriad of laws which regulate electronic commerce, trade in foreign currencies, competitive market conduct, commercial instruments, and consumer rights. It is vital to know these laws for all businesses in India that engage in international commerce as well as foreign firms operating in India. Indian market.
Information
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the essential elements of a valid contract and corporate law including Memorandum of Association, Articles of Association, and corporate governance practices. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
The law of contract and corporate law provide the foundational legal infrastructure for business operations in India and for international commercial relations. Knowledge of essential contract components and the requirements for corporate governance is essential for every business that is operating or looking to enter the Indian market.
Essential
Q.5. Discuss the law relating to sale of goods, payment terms, and documentation in international trade. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
The Sale of Goods Act and International trade document and payment system together create the legal and commercial framework that allows both sellers and buyers across different countries to transact with confidence, managing the risks inherent in exchanges when goods or payments are transferred through different countries.
Law Relating to
Q.6. Examine the regulatory framework governing international trade and dispute resolution including GATT/WTO principles, treatment for developing countries, and non-tariff barriers. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
The international regulatory framework for trade is anchored in the WTO’s multilateral trading system, that establishes the principles and commitments to market access that are negotiated and dispute resolution methods to create the rules-based order that is the basis of how trade occurs today.
Core Principles of GATT and WTO
The WTO’s regulatory
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DIBM404 EXPORT-IMPORT FINANCE
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. (a) Explain the concept, process, and functions of a Letter of Credit in international trade. (b) Examine the role and implications of UCP 600 in the operation of Letters of Credit. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
It is a Letter of Credit is a payment instrument issued by banks on behalf of an exporter. The letter of credit guarantees the payments to the exporter on presentation of compliant shipping and trade documents. It’s the most frequently utilized payment method for international commerce, offering security for both the buyer and seller during transactions in which the two parties do not know each the other, and the legality of
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Q.2. (a) Explain the various methods of import financing available to businesses. (b) Explain the concept of factoring and discuss the various types of factoring methods. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Factoring and import financing are two crucial financial tools to help with the working requirements for capital of companies involved in international trade. Import finance allows companies to pay for overseas acquisitions, while factoring transforms receivables into instant liquidity,
Q.3. (a) Explain foreign exchange exposure and distinguish between transaction, translation, and economic exposure. (b) How can firms strategically benefit from exchange rate fluctuations? (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Foreign exchange exposure is the degree that a company is affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate. It is a fundamental risk for businesses engaged with international trading and investment and investment, however companies who understand and manage exposure strategically can recognize opportunities in the currency volatility.
Types of Foreign Exchange
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. (a) Explain the structure and key characteristics of the foreign exchange market. (b) Analyse the recent movement of USD/INR exchange rate and key influencing factors. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
The exchange market for foreign currency is the biggest and most liquid of financial markets which is operational round all hours of the day across financial centers. It is the source of prices that currencies trade and plays an important role in facilitating global trade, investment flows as well as the implementation of economic policies.
Part A – Structure of the Foreign Exchange
Q.5. Discuss the duty exemption and duty remission schemes available to exporters. Critically evaluate their benefits, limitations, and role in enhancing export competitiveness. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Duty exemption and duty remission schemes are essential components of India export promotion policy that reduce the tax burden for exports and allow Indian exports to compete with global markets, without having the disadvantage of domestic duty costs embedded in the price of exported items.
Duty Exemption Schemes
Advance Authorization schemes permit access to imports that are duty-free, such as raw material, components of consumables and packaging materials incorporated into export products. Exporters have to meet their obligations for export within the time frame specified, and the.
Q.6. (a) Explain the objectives, features, and significance of FEMA in regulating foreign exchange in India. (b) Analyse the role and functions of FEDAI. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
FEMA and FEDAI Together, they form the principal regulatory and self-regulatory infrastructure governing forex transactions within India. FEMA sets the framework for statutory compliance while FEDAI establishes operational guidelines and professional standards for banks in the group that is involved in transactions in foreign exchange.
Part A – FEMA: Objectives, Features, and Significance
The Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999 was passed to replace the strict Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DMKT404 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. “Define International Marketing and explain its scope and key principles. Critically analyse how political, legal, economic, and social-cultural environments impact international marketing decisions with examples” (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Definition and Scope of International Marketing
International marketing is the act of planning, marketing pricing, distributing, and planning merchandise, services, or ideas across national borders to consumers and organizations in foreign markets. The fundamental principles of marketing in the domestic market to deal with the complex challenges of operating in different countries that have differing systems of political along with legal frameworks, the
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Q.2. “Explain Classical and Modern Trade Theories, analyse the international marketing environment and evaluate the role and process of market research in international marketing.” (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Classical trade theory begins in Adam Smith’s Absolute Advantage theory. It believed that nations should concentrate in producing goods they can produce at a higher efficiency than other nations and trade for goods where others benefit from production. David Ricardo extended this with the idea of Comparative Advantage, demonstrating that reciprocally beneficial trade can occur even when one nation has a higher efficiency in creating all goods provided that relative efficiency distinctions exis
Q.3. “Discuss international product policy (standardization & segmentation) and explain international pricing strategies and factors affecting global pricing decisions.”
Ans 3.
International Product Policy
International product policy is the decisions organizations make about what items to sell on international markets, and whether or not to offer standardized or adaptable versions of these products. The question of adapting or standardizing is among the biggest strategic concerns in international marketing. The advocates for standardization, including Theodore Levitt argue that converging world-wide consumer demands, caused by technology, travel as well as mass media exposure, are creating a global market in which uniform products and marketing programmes are economically efficient as
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. “Explain international distribution & logistics, discuss promotion & communication strategies, and analyse the export marketing process and procedures.”
Ans 4.
International distribution covers all of the processes that are required for moving goods from the place of production and to final customers in overseas market, which includes transportation, customs clearance, warehousing and delivery last mile. Distribution channel decisions include whether or not you sell directly to end customers or work via local intermediaries such as importers, distributors, agents or retail stores. Direct channels can provide higher markets and margins, however, they need
Q.5. “Explain export documentation & its significance, foreign trade policy & export promotion schemes, and the foreign exchange market & risk management.” (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Export Documentation and Its Significance
Export documents are the compilation of regulatory, commercial, transport, and financial documents to accompany an international shipment from the exporter to importer, serving legal, financial as well as customs clearance and logistical requirements simultaneously. Accurate, complete, and timely documentation is critical to the smooth execution of trade internationally because mistakes or absence of
Q.6. “Explain the role of international financial institutions (IMF, World Bank, IFC) and discuss legal, ethical issues, and dispute settlement in international marketing.” (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Role of International Financial Institutions
The international financial institutions (IFIs) are a key role in shaping the international business environment where international marketing is conducted. They are the International Monetary Fund (IMF) ensures stability of the international monetary system by offering emergency financial assistance to its member countries suffering imbalance of payments problems and conducting economic oversight of the policies of its member countries. IMF interventions for countries facing crisis in the
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DMKT403 E-MARKETING
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What do you mean by EMalls, E-Storefronts, and E-Marketplaces? Differentiate the terms with the help of adequate examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
E-Malls
A E-Mall often referred to as an online mall, or a virtual shopping mall, is an online platform which hosts a variety of independent e-commerce retailers under one unified site or application, replicating the notion of a physical mall but in the digital environment. Similar to a mall that is a place where dozens of shops that are connected by a shared infrastructure the same way an E-Mall connects multiple online shops into a shared digital space with the ability to browse look at, and buy from numerous retailers on the
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Q.2. Write Short Notes on the following: a) Impulsive Buyer b) Digital Products (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
- a) Impulsive Buyer
An impulsive purchaser is a person who is prone to making unplanned and spontaneous purchases driven through immediate emotional response and hedonic impulses situational stimuli rather than by pre-existing deliberate purchase intentions. Impulse buying can be described as an overwhelming impulse to buy something right away, with little or no prior planning, or a rational assessment of its necessit
Q.3. Create an E-Marketing Plan for a new product of your choice. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
E-Marketing Plan: Smart Water Bottle with Hydration Tracking
Product: HydroSense — a smart water bottle featuring water filtration sensors and a mobile companion app and LED light reminders and a display of temperature. Target market: health-conscious urban people and fitness lovers aged 22-40 who live in Tier-1 and Tier-2 Indian cities. The product is priced at the price of Rs. 1,499, competing with international exports and features that are exclusive to India
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Differentiate between SEO & SEM. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
SEO and SEM
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and Search Engine Marketing (SEM) are two closely-related but fundamentally distinct fields of marketing in the digital age that focus on improving a brand’s visibility in search engine results. Both seek to attract the attention of potential customers actively seeking information, products, or services. Both achieve this through entirely different investment strategies, mechanisms and time horizons. Knowing the differences between them is crucial for every business that is trying to create an successful digital marketing plan.
Search Engine Optimization (
Q.5. Explain the various tools of E-Marketing. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
E-Marketing Tools
E-marketing tools comprise of digital platforms, apps, channels as well as technologies businesses employ to engage, reach customers, retain, and convert clients through online-based communications and commercial channels. The explosion of digital tools has resulted in an enormous marketing technology ecosystem which includes thousands of tools to be found across all phases of the journey for customers. The business must choose strategically and use the right combination of tools that will meet their goals
Q.6. What are the various emerging issues in E-Marketing? (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Emerging Issues in E-Marketing
Marketing through e-commerce is among the most rapidly evolving industries, continually shaped by the advancement of technology along with regulatory shifts, changes in behaviours of consumers, and changing changes in competitive dynamics. Companies that are proactive and anticipate address emerging issues in e-marketing are able to maintain competitive advantages, while those that react too slow risk losing importance, penalties from regulatory authorities, as well as a decline in customer
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DMKT402 ADVERTISING MANAGEMENT AND SALES
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Define the term ‘advertising’. What are the objectives of advertising? (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Definition of Advertising
Advertising is the paid and non-personal method of communicating which is sent by an identifiable company through mass media and digital channels to a targeted audience with the objective to inform, convince, or encouraging them to think about a service, product, idea, or organization. According to the American Marketing Association defines advertising as the placing of announcements or
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Q.2. Describe the shifting patterns of consumption. What role does advertising play in this? (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Shifting Patterns of Consumption
Consumption patterns are the way that households and individuals allocate their income across different types of services and goods. These patterns are never static; they shift continuously as a result of changes in income levels, demographic structure, values of culture, urbanization, technological innovations, and globalization. Knowing these changes is essential for marketing strategies because the investment in advertising and promotion must be in line with the changing preferences of consumers
Q.3. Write a brief note on the evolution of the advertising agency. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Origins of the Advertising Agency
The advertising agency as a formal commercial institution has changed over the course of more than two centuries from simple space brokerages to more sophisticated full-service firms that use experts across creativity, strategy media planning, technology, as well as data analytics. Knowing this development provides important information about the roles of agencies within the current marketing landscape as
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. What is DAGMAR? How is it useful in establishing objectives? (4+6 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
DAGMAR – Definition and Concept
DAGMAR stands for Defining Advertising Goals for Measured Advertising results, which was developed by Russell H. Colley in 1961 for a study he published for the Association of National Advertisers in the United States. DAGMAR offered a totally distinct approach to managing advertising by arguing that advertising effectiveness may and should be evaluated against clearly defined communication objectives
Q.5. Describe the AIDA model of consumer response hierarchy. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
AIDA Model – Overview
The AIDA model is among the oldest and longest-running frameworks in advertising and marketing communication theories. AIDA stands for Attention Intention, Interest, Desire and Action. These are the sequential stages through which an effective ad must guide the consumer’s attention from its
Q.6. What is Gestalt psychology? Explain with examples how it resembles the way a person fits in the advertising message with his/her existing knowledge. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Gestalt Psychology
The Gestalt Psychology is a branch of perceptual and cognitive psychology that emerged in early 20th century Germany and was primarily influenced by Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka and Wolfgang Kohler. The principle that drives Gestalt psychology is that human perception functions in a holistic manner: our minds perceive coherent, meaningful wholes, rather than isolated collections of elements. The term
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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04
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DMKT401 SERVICE MARKETING & CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Identify strategies to address the problems of gap2 in the service GAP framework. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The Service GAP Framework and Gap 2
The Service Quality GAP model, developed by Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry and Berry, highlights five crucial gap areas that can lead to customer unsatisfaction with the service they receive. Gap 2, known as the Service Design and Standards Gap can occur when a service company fails to translate the customer’s expectations, precisely identified during research into relevant specifications of service quality
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Q.2. Explain how a service firm can position its service among the target customers. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Service Positioning Concept
Positioning a service is the act of designing a service offering and the accompanying marketing materials to create a distinct, appreciated, and distinctive image in the minds of target customers relative to competing service providers. Like physical goods, services are intangible, diverse, and unassociable from their suppliers which makes positioning complicated and important because consumers are unable to evaluate the quality of services prior to making a purchase, and they rely on reputation,
Q.3. Explain the five factors for the growth of the service sector in India. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Growth of the Service Sector in India
The service industry has emerged as the dominant sector in the Indian economy, generating 55 to 60 percent GDP and employing over 30 percent of India’s workforce. India’s services-led economic growth trajectory is fueled by a combination of demographic, structural technological, and policy
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. What are the components of the service communication mix? (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Service Communication Mix
The word “service” is a reference to the integrated collection of tools and channels service companies employ to inform, convince the target audience of their offerings in the field and to build brand recognition and promote the worth proposition. Since services are not tangible and the customer is not able to assess the value of them prior to purchase, effective communication plays a particularly critical part in decreasing the perceived risk associated with purchasing a service and increasing the trust of customers necessary to
Q.5. Discuss the marketing strategies in the banking sector. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Marketing in the Banking Sector
Banks operate in an intensely competitive, heavily regulated, and rapidly digitizing industry where the products can be easily copied and switching costs are decreasing while customer loyalty is driven more by online service quality, not physical branch location. Marketing strategies for banking need to simultaneously draw new customers, build stronger connections with those already in place as well as maintain
Q.6. Explain the CRM process in the B2B market. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
CRM in B2B Markets
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in the Business-to-Business markets is the management of long-term relations with company buyers. It includes the identification of customers, their acquisition, development, and retention strategies which are supported by technological platforms, data analytics, and inter-functional process management. B2B CRM is different in comparison
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DMBA407 BUSINESS LEADERSHIP
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Define Leadership. Describe the Trait Theory of Leadership with suitable example. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
The ability of leadership is to influence, motivate, and steer groups of individuals towards achieving a set of goals. It encompasses the capacity to create a clear vision that inspires commitment, establish confidence, take sound decisions even in the face of uncertainty and grow capabilities in team members. Effective leadership transforms organizational potential to sustained performance. It
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Q.2. What is Contingency Theory? Discuss in detail. (3+7 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Contingency Theory of Leadership is a theory that rejects the notion of one universally efficient leadership method and suggests that leadership effectiveness is dependent on the interplay between leadership characteristics, followers characteristics as well as the context in which they occur. The basic premise is that there’s not a single optimal method to lead, and the efficiency of any leadership approach is
Q.3. What do you understand by Group Dynamics? Introduce the concept of 360 Degree Feedback and Ethical Leadership. (4+3+3 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Feedback from 360 degrees, group dynamics and ethics in leadership are three interconnected concepts crucial to modern-day leadership. Understanding group behavior in conjunction with multi-source assessments of performance and moral principles of leadership equips leaders to build high-performing teams and
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the sources of Motivation. Also discuss the Model of Four Competencies of Leadership. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Development of leadership competencies and motivation are two fundamental subjects in theories of leadership and behavior in organizations. Understanding the factors that drive human behavior at work and the characteristics that distinguish successful leaders are essential for building high-performing
Q.5. State the significance of Organisational Culture. Explain the outcome-oriented Culture in an organization. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Organizational culture is the pattern of beliefs, values that, beliefs, and standards that define an organization that makes it distinct from other ones. It influences employees’ behavior and decision-making, as well as the customer experience, and ultimately the sustainable competitive performance for the firm over
Q.6. Discuss Ethical leadership and its dark sides in detail. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Leadership that is ethical is the practice an ethically acceptable behavior through the conduct of individuals and relationships with other people as well as the encouragement ethics to the followers by means of two-way communication, reinforcement, and making decisions. It is now a primary issue in the field of organizational theory and practicum following a string of significant
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SESSION
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JAN – FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DMBA406 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the importance of International Business. Explain the challenges faced while doing international business. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
International business refers to every commercial transaction, including investment, trade, as well as services that span national borders. It is the basis of growth in the economy as well as competitive advantages and nation-building for nations as well as enterprises operating in the world economy of the 21st century.
Importance of International Business
International business helps countries maximize their strengths through specialising in services and products that are the most effective as well as trading in other areas improving overall productivity and living standards. International markets for businesses allow for revenue growth above the boundaries of
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Q.2. Write short notes on: (1) Impact of Demographic Environment on International Business, (2) Culture and its impact on International Business. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
The cultural and demographic environments are two of the strongest contextual factors that influence international business strategies. Understanding these is vital for businesses designing market approaches to entry, their product offerings and business strategies in different national settings.
Part 1 – Impact of Demographic Environment on International Business
The population environment includes size
Q.3. Write notes on: (1) Negative impact of Globalization, (2) International Labour Organization. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The rise of globalization and the international organizations that control these institutions have had a transformative effect within the global economy. Even though globalization has produced enormous benefits, its negative impacts are significant and are worthy of being acknowledged. International Labour Organization International Labour Organization plays a crucial role in the development of standard of work that will protect employees in the global interconnected production system that is the
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. What is International Financial Management? Explain the types of International Accounting Standards. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
International Financial Management encompasses the financial planning, decision-making, and control activities of corporations with operations across many countries and currencies. It extends domestic financial management principles to address more complex issues related to foreign exchange risk and political risk, as well as cross-border financial flows and diverse accounting standards
Q.5. Explain FDI. Elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of FDI. (2+8 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Foreign Direct Investment is an the investment of a business or individual in a particular nation into the business of an additional country in the form of starting new business ventures or the acquisition of businesses
Q.6. Write notes on: (1) Recruitment of Expatriates, (2) Theory of Absolute Advantage. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
The concept of expatriate management, as well as the theory of absolute advantage are important factors in international business, based on the perspective of human resources and economic theories both. This knowledge will help understand the way multinational companies manage worldwide operations, and the
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
|
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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II
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DMBA214 BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS (R/PYTHON)
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Explain the meaning and importance of Business Research. Discuss the process of research and briefly describe how R programming assist researchers in business research. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Meaning and Importance of Business Research
Business research is the systematic and scientific approach to gathering information, capturing, analysing, and decoding data that is relevant to the business environment, including problems, and potential opportunities. This involves applying the most rigorous methods of science to business phenomena to generate credible, accurate and actionable information that decreases uncertainty as well as improves the quality of managerial decisions. Business research spans from research on market behavior that studies consumer behavior, operations research to optimize the supply chain, as well as financial research that analyzes investments to Human resource research, which studies
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Q.2. Describe the different methods of data collection used in business research. Explain the process of data preparation, including data editing, coding, and tabulation. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Methods of Data Collection in Business Research
Data collection refers to the systematic collecting of data from sources that can answer research queries. Researchers in the field of business employ primary and secondary methods for data collection and each is suited to distinct research goals and restrictions.
Primary Data Collection methods can collect fresh data directly through research subjects. Surveys and questionnaires are by far
Q.3. Discuss the importance of data visualization using R and describe how graphical techniques help in identifying patterns and trends in data. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Importance of Data Visualization Using R
Data visualization is the graphic depiction of information or data to convey findings more clearly quick, concisely, and easily than tabular data or textual descriptions. It can be achieved. In business research, where analysts have to convey complex information to time-pressed decision-makers who may be lacking statistical expertise It isn’t just visual enhancement, but also important as an analytical and communications tool. R is the preferred platform to display data in research quality because
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Differentiate between descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Explain the measures of central tendency and dispersion in detail. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Descriptive vs Inferential Statistics
Inferential and descriptive statistics perform distinct but related purposes in business research. Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the features of a data set -they provide us with what data is showing without seeking to derive conclusions from the information itself. They are indicators of central tendency dispersion, frequency distributions, as well as graphs and reports. These descriptive statistics can be applied to the particular dataset that is being studied and can be used to represent
Q.5. Explain the concept of Regression Analysis and its importance in business decision-making. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Concept of Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a technique that examines the relationship between several dependent (predictor) variables and an independent (outcome) variable. This allows researchers to study how variations in predictors influence variations in outcomes and to develop quantitative forecasts of outcomes using known predictive values. It’s among the most effective and widely utilized analytical tools for
Q.6. Explain the structure of a research report. Discuss the key guidelines for writing a research report, including presentation of tables, graphs, interpretation of data, and drawing conclusions. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Structure of a Research Report
A research report is a formative document that research findings are communicated to a specific audience in a structured, systematic as well as professional manner. The typical structure of a business research report is based on the logical order that leads readers from the topic statement through the process, research findings and final
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SESSION
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APR-AUG 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DISM404 JAVA AND WEB DESIGN
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Write Short note on followings. WWW. Web Browser. Search Engine. (4+3+3 = 10 Marks)
Ans 1.
World Wide Web (WWW)
The World Wide Web, commonly referred to as”the Web or WWW is a network composed of interlinked hypertext files and multimedia files that can be accessed through the Internet with a web browser. It was designed by British computer scientist Sir Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 while working at CERN, Switzerland, and released to the public in. The Web uses a number of technologies including HyperText Markup Language for structuring data, HyperText Transfer Protocol for the transfer of information between computers and servers and Uniform Resource Locators for the purpose of addressing specific sources. The Web is not an identical entity to the Internet. The Internet is the
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Q.2. Create a simple HTML document to design a basic webpage. The webpage must include: Formatted text using various HTML tags, An image displayed on the page, A hyperlink to another webpage, Unordered List. (2.5×4 = 10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Theory: HTML Document Structure
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the most widely used language used to create and structure websites. Each HTML document begins with a DOCTYPE declaration followed by the html root element. The head section is comprised of information about the document, including page titles and the character encoding. The body section has all visible content. HTML makes use of tags to describe elements. Tags that format text like h1 and the h6 format headings in different sizes, p creates paragraphs, strong makes text bold and em makes text bolder, and br creates line breaks. The img tag
Q.3. Discuss the role and significance of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) in web design. Then, perform the following: Create a CSS style sheet that customizes text styles, colors, and element positioning on a sample HTML page. Illustrate, with an example, how CSS contributes to building responsive and visually attractive layouts. (4+3+3 = 10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Role and Significance of CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is the term used to determine the appearance of HTML documents on the web. Although HTML specifies the structure as well as the content of a web page, CSS defines how that web page appears, which includes its colors, fonts, spacing, layout, and responsiveness across different screen sizes. CSS was developed through the World Wide Web Consortium in 1996, to differentiate information from its presentation. This is its most fundamental contribution to
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of using JavaScript on a webpage. Create a simple webpage that uses JavaScript for form validation (e.g., checking if all fields are filled). Include examples of basic event handlers in your code. (5+5 = 10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Benefits of JavaScript
JavaScript is one of the most widely employed programming language for web development and is fully supported by the majority of modern browsers, and does not require an installation of plugins. It’s principal benefit is providing an interactive and dynamic experience for users on web pages. JavaScript allows web developers to react to user action in real time, validate fields before submitting and
Q.5. Define the LAMP stack and explain its importance in web development. Describe the steps involved in installing and configuring the LAMP stack on a local machine. Also, illustrate how PHPMyAdmin is used for database management within LAMP. (4+3+3 = 10 Marks)
Ans 5.
LAMP Stack Definition and Importance
LAMP is an open-source web development platform comprising four elements: Linux as the operating system, Apache as the web server, MySQL as the relational database management system as well as PHP for web-based scripting language. These four components together provide the complete platform for building and hosting interactive, database-driven web apps. It’s widely used since each component is completely free and open-source. This reduces the costs associated with web hosting
Q.6. Discuss the following topics related to Java: Java APIs, Servlets and JSP, Differences between JDK, JRE, and JVM, Thread life cycle in Java. (2.5×4 = 10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Java APIs
The Java API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of pre-written interfaces, classes, and packages provided by Java developers that they can employ for creating applications without writing the basic functionality completely entirely from scratch. The Java Standard Edition API includes packages for data structures (java.util) as well as input and output functions (java.io) along with networking (java.net), graphic user interfaces (java.awt and javax.swing) and database connectivity (java.sql through JDBC) as well as many additional. Java Enterprise Edition provides additional APIs
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DISM403 TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What is the significance of “Technology Management” in an organization’s context? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Technology Management is the comprehensive set of management tasks involved in planning, directing in controlling and organizing the creation and deployment of technological capabilities within an organization. It encompasses the processes by that an organization purchases or deploys technology to attain its strategic goals and achieve competitive advantage. The current business climate that is characterized by technological innovation being swift and disruptive, a successful technology management has emerged as one of the primary factors in determining the success of an organisation and its
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Q.2. What are the reasons for obtaining new Technology? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Organizations are constantly faced with decisions on whether and when to acquire advanced technology. These are the decisions that are most strategically significant a management team is able to make as they impact competitive positioning and operational capabilities, cost structures, and the long-term prospects for growth
Q.3. Explain the different components of competitive advantage with an example. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Competitive advantage refers to attributes or capabilities that allow an organisation to outperform its competitors and provide superior quality to its customers in a time. Michael Porter’s framework identifies two major factors that contribute to competitive advantage that are the ability to lead in cost and differentiating. In addition to Porter’s framework, competitive advantage is composed of
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain the Technology generation and development process. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Development and technology generation is the systematic process through where new technologies are conceived, researched, tested, refined, eventually commercialized as products that, services, or methods which create value for organizations as well as society. This is a complex process with a high degree of repetition and energy consumption, requiring the coordinated contribution to the field of science, engineering expertise, market insight, and management capability. Understanding
Q.5. List and explain the characteristics of innovative work environment. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
A workplace that is innovative one that constantly allows and encourages employees to generate, develop, and implement fresh ideas that bring worth for the organization and the people who are part of it. Innovation doesn’t happen on random chance. It’s the result of carefully developed organisational attitude, culture of leadership, and a structural layout that eliminate barriers to creativity and provide the resources and freedoms that innovative thinking needs. Certain key traits define a genuinely innovative work atmosphere.
Q.6. Technology change has a direct impact on Organizational structure. Justify your answer taking a relevant example. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Organizational structure is the formal arrangement that determines what tasks are allocated in a coordinated manner and how tasks are supervised in an organisation. It establishes the reporting relationship and communication channels, as well as power of decision-making, as well as the extent of centralisation or decentralisation. Technology changes are one of the strongest factors that alter the structure of an organisation because it fundamentally alters how tasks are carried out, the way information flows
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SESSION
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JAN FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DISM402 E-COMMERCE
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. Trace the evolution of e-Commerce from its inception to the present. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Evolution of E-Commerce: From Inception to the Present
The evolution of electronic commerce represents one of the most dramatic and compressed economic transformations in business history, moving from experimental academic data exchange to a multi-trillion-dollar global industry in less than five decades. Analyzing this transformation reveals how technology, regulation, infrastructure and the behavior of consumers all have come together to create the digital economy that is the basis of contemporary commerce.
Origins: EDI and Pre-Web
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Q.2. Explain in detail about building blocks of E-commerce. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Building Blocks of E-Commerce
E-commerce is built on an interconnected system of technology, business and regulatory components that collectively facilitate digital commerce transactions between sellers and buyers via the internet. Understanding the fundamentals of these blocks are essential to anyone who is creating, managing and analyzing systems
Q.3. Explain the key concepts of E-Commerce Software. (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
Key Concepts of E-Commerce Software
E-commerce software is a complete set of technological applications and platforms that facilitate the development, operation managing, and optimization of commercial online platforms. Knowing the fundamental concepts behind eCommerce software can be a solid foundation for selecting and
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Explain website development strategy (in house/outsourced/partial) for a mid-sized retailer. (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Website Development Strategy for a Mid-Sized Retailer
If you are a retailer of a medium size looking to establish or enhance its online presence when it comes to developing its website, the strategy of whether to create internally, completely outsource or adopt a hybrid partial method — is one of the most consequential choices a company can take. Every strategy has
Q.5. Analyze the effectiveness of social media marketing for online businesses. (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Effectiveness of Social Media Marketing for Online Businesses
Social media marketing has emerged as one of the most effective and flexible tools for online businesses, offering unprecedented reach to targeted audiences real-time customer engagement, and measurable performance data at costs typically lower than traditional marketing channels. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy, it is necessary to look at different dimensions like reach, targeting precision the quality of engagement, its conversion performance, and ROI across various business contexts.
Q.6. Describe the legal issues faced by e-commerce businesses. (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Legal Issues Faced by E-Commerce Businesses
E-commerce businesses operate at the crossroads of technology, commerce and laws across many regions, making them liable to an intricate and continuously changing web of legal obligations and risks. Legal compliance failures in e-commerce can result in regulatory penalties as well as litigation, reputational harm, platform bans, and possibly criminal responsibility. Understanding the major
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
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PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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SEMESTER
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IV
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COURSE CODE & NAME
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DISM401 ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What do you understand by AS-IS & TO-BE parameters of ERP implementation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
AS-IS and TO-BE Parameters in ERP Implementation
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation is one of the most challenging and transformative projects that a company can undertake. Before an ERP software is set up installed, integrated, or rolled out the project team and consultants need to be familiar with two key analytical frameworks: AS-IS model as well as the TO-BE model. These two parameters together define the beginning point as well as the endpoint of the ERP transformation journey.
The AS-IS Model
The AS-IS model is a comprehensive
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1 hour.
Otherwise you can also contact on our
whatsapp no 8791490301.
Q.2. How do you think it is possible that an Enterprise resource planning will integrate an organization? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
ERP as an Organizational Integration Platform
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) ERP systems facilitate organizational integration through the use of a single unified technology platform that consolidates information, processes and information flows from all aspects of business into a single software system, which has a shared database. Integrity is the key characteristic that distinguishes ERP from the collection of independent software
Q.3. Why do you think that mapping is a crucial step in purchasing sub module? (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The Importance of Mapping in the ERP Purchasing Sub-Module
When it comes to ERP implementation, especially within the Materials Management module’s purchasing sub-module Mapping refers to the process of aligning the business’s established purchasing processes the master data, structures of data as well as business regulations and the appropriate configurations in the ERP software. It is generally recognized as being one of the most important steps of ERP implementation since it will determine the degree to which the ERP system is accurate in reflecting and support the organization’s purchasing actuality after it goes live.
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Identify few outstanding trends in the app based inventory management? (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Outstanding Trends in App-Based Inventory Management
Inventory management using apps refers to the use of mobile applications, cloud-based platforms, and digital devices to manage, control, and optimize inventory across supply chains in real time from any device or place. The rapid development of mobile technology, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things has created a generation of intelligent software for managing inventory that far exceed the capabilities of traditional desktop-based systems. Numerous exciting
Q.5. Why do you think it is necessary to have a Enterprise resource planning setup amalgamated with HR-FI-CO process? (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Integration of ERP with HR, Finance (FI), and Controlling (CO)
Integration of Human Resources (HR) as well as financial Accounting (FI) and Controlling (CO) modules in an ERP system can be one of the most beneficial and highly strategic settings any company could achieve. Each module offers significant independent value, the combination provides a multiplied
Q.6. What is your understanding of untapped ERP resource in Pharma Industry? (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Untapped ERP Resources in the Pharmaceutical Industry
The pharmaceutical industry is considered to be one of the most heavily regulated, process-intensive, and data-rich industries in the global economy which makes it a natural candidate for comprehensive ERP implementation and also an
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SESSION
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JAN-FEB 2026
|
|
PROGRAM
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MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
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|
SEMESTER
|
IV
|
|
COURSE CODE & NAME
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DISM401 ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)
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Assignment Set – 1
Q.1. What do you understand by AS-IS & TO-BE parameters of ERP implementation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
AS-IS and TO-BE Parameters in ERP Implementation
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation is one of the most challenging and transformative projects that a company can undertake. Before an ERP software is set up installed, integrated, or rolled out the project team and consultants need to be familiar with two key analytical frameworks: AS-IS model as well as the TO-BE model. These two parameters together define the beginning Its Half solved only
Buy Complete from our online store
https://smuassignment.in/online-store/
MUJ Fully solved assignment available for session Jan-Feb 2026.
Lowest price guarantee with quality.
Charges INR 198 only per assignment. For more information you can get via mail or Whats app also
Mail id is aapkieducation@gmail.com
Our website www.smuassignment.in
After mail, we will reply you instant or maximum
1 hour.
Otherwise you can also contact on our
whatsapp no 8791490301.
Q.2. How do you think it is possible that an Enterprise resource planning will integrate an organization? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
ERP as an Organizational Integration Platform
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) ERP systems facilitate organizational integration through the use of a single unified technology platform that consolidates information, processes and information flows from all aspects of business into a single software system, which has a shared database. Integrity is the key characteristic that distinguishes ERP from the collection of independent software programs for departmental use that preceded it, where information was stored in separate silos,
Q.3. Why do you think that mapping is a crucial step in purchasing sub module? (10 Marks)
Ans 3.
The Importance of Mapping in the ERP Purchasing Sub-Module
When it comes to ERP implementation, especially within the Materials Management module’s purchasing sub-module Mapping refers to the process of aligning the business’s established purchasing processes the master data, structures of data as well as business regulations and the appropriate configurations in the ERP software. It is generally recognized as being one of the most important steps of
Assignment Set – 2
Q.4. Identify few outstanding trends in the app based inventory management? (10 Marks)
Ans 4.
Outstanding Trends in App-Based Inventory Management
Inventory management using apps refers to the use of mobile applications, cloud-based platforms, and digital devices to manage, control, and optimize inventory across supply chains in real time from any device or place. The rapid development of mobile technology, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things has created a generation of intelligent software for managing inventory that far exceed the capabilities of traditional desktop-based systems.
Q.5. Why do you think it is necessary to have a Enterprise resource planning setup amalgamated with HR-FI-CO process? (10 Marks)
Ans 5.
Integration of ERP with HR, Finance (FI), and Controlling (CO)
Integration of Human Resources (HR) as well as financial Accounting (FI) and Controlling (CO) modules in an ERP system can be one of the most beneficial and highly strategic settings any company could achieve. Each module offers significant independent value, the combination provides a multiplied capability for the organization that is qualitatively superior to operating them independently with manual
Q.6. What is your understanding of untapped ERP resource in Pharma Industry? (10 Marks)
Ans 6.
Untapped ERP Resources in the Pharmaceutical Industry
The pharmaceutical industry is considered to be one of the most heavily regulated, process-intensive, and data-rich industries in the global economy which makes it a natural candidate for comprehensive ERP implementation and also an industry that has a lot of untapped ERP potential is still. Despite substantial ERP investments, several pharmaceutical companies, particularly manufacturers of generic and mid-sized drugs have only implemented just a small portion of the capabilities that ERP
