SESSION SEPTEMBER 2023
PROGRAM MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATION (MCA)
SEMESTER I
COURSE CODE & NAME DCA6101 – FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER & IT
- Explain the key characteristics of each generation of computers.
Answer:
The history of computer development is frequently stated to in reference to the different generations of computing devices. A generation refers to the state of improvement in the product development process. This term is also used in the different advancements of new computer technology. With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten smaller and more advanced than the previous Its Half solved only
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- Discuss the important features of micro, mini, mainframes and supercomputers.
Answer:
Microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers are different categories of computers that vary in terms of size, processing power, and intended use. Here are the important features of each:
- Elaborate on various external memory devices being used to store memory with appropriate examples.
Answer:
External memory devices are auxiliary storage devices that provide additional storage space for computers and other digital devices. These devices are essential for storing data and files that exceed the internal storage capacity of a device. Here are various types of external memory devices with examples:
- Hard Disk
SET-II
- Briefly explain the software development process.
Answer:
The software development process is a structured set of activities that lead to the creation of a software product. While specific methodologies and practices can vary, the general software development life cycle typically includes the following phases:
- Requirements Gathering:
- Identify and document the needs and expectations of the end-users and stakeholders.
- Define the
- Enlist the main functions of the operating system.
Answer:
An operating system (OS) is a crucial software component that serves as an intermediary between computer hardware and user applications. It provides a set of essential functions to manage and control computer resources efficiently. The main functions of an operating system include:
- Process Management
- Discuss the TCP/IP protocol layers with the help of a diagram.
Answer:
The TCP/IP protocol suite is a set of communication protocols that are widely used on the Internet and form the basis of network communication. The suite is named after its two most important protocols: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP). The TCP/IP protocol stack is divided into four layers, each serving specific functions. These layers, from the bottom to the top, are:
- Link
| SESSION | AUGUST 2023 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (MCA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DCA6102 – PROGRAMMING IN C |
| CREDITS | 4 |
| NUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS & MARKS | 02
30 Marks each |
1.(a) Explain different generations of computer system.
(b) What are the differences between concurrent and parallel execution?
Ans 1.
(a) Different Generations of Computer Systems:
The history of computers can be divided into several generations, each marked by significant technological advancements and changes in hardware and software architecture. These generations are typically categorized as follows:
- First Generation (1940s-1950s):
Vacuum Tubes: The earliest Its Half solved only
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2 (a) Explain zero, one, two and three address instruction with the help of given instruction
X=(A/B)+(C*D)
(b) Discuss different types of addressing modes in detail.
Ans:
2 (a) Zero, One, Two, and Three Address Instructions:
In computer architecture and assembly language programming, instructions are used to perform various operations on data. The number of addresses or operands an instruction uses can vary, and this categorization is often referred to as zero, one, two, or three-address instructions. Let’s use the given expression, X = (A/B) + (C*D), to illustrate these types of instructions:
- Zero-Address Instructions:
3 (a) Explain different types of techniques to handle hazards in pipelining.
(b) Differentiate between unconditional and conditional branch.
Ans 3.
3 (a) Techniques to Handle Hazards in Pipelining:
Pipelining is a technique used in modern microprocessors to improve instruction execution throughput by breaking down the instruction execution process into stages. However, pipelining can introduce hazards, which are situations where the next instruction cannot proceed smoothly due to dependencies or conflicts with previous instructions. To handle hazards in pipelining, several
- Describe various features of the C programming language.
Ans 4.
Various Features of the C Programming Language:
C is a powerful and versatile programming language that has been widely used for several decades. It is known for its simplicity, efficiency, and portability. Here are various features of the C programming language:
- Procedural Language: C is a procedural programming language, which means it is organized
- Explain various flow control statements in C with examples.
Ans 5.
Various Flow Control Statements in C with Examples:
Flow control statements in C are used to control the execution order of instructions within a program. Here are some commonly used flow control statements with examples:
- if Statement:
- Define a function. List and explain the categories of user-defined functions.
- Define an array. How to initialize a one-dimensional array? Explain with suitable examples.
Definition of a Function and Categories of User-Defined Functions:
A function in programming is a self-contained block of code that performs a specific task or set of tasks. It is a reusable unit of code that can be called from various parts of a program. Functions enhance code modularity, readability, and reusability. In C and many other programming languages, functions are defined using a set of rules and syntax. There are several categories of user-defined functions:
- Function Declaration/Prototype:
- A function declaration, also known as a function prototype, specifies the function’s name, return type, and the types of its parameters. It tells the compiler about the function’s