| SESSION | AUGUST 2023 |
| PROGRAM | BCA |
| SEMESTER | I |
| course CODE & NAME | DCA1101 |
| CREDITS | 4 |
| nUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS & Marks | 02
30 |
SET-I
- (a) Define the term ‘Computer’?
(b) Explain the organization of computer?
Ans 1.
(a) Computer
A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data, to perform arithmetic or logical operations. It has the capability to store, retrieve, and process data. Based on the given instructions or programs, it can convert raw data into meaningful information. Computers can be designed to do almost anything with information, from simple tasks like calculating arithmetic operations to complex operations like rendering graphics or simulating natural phenomena.
(b) Organization of computer Its Half solved only
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- Discuss the different classifications of computer?
Ans 2.
Computers have evolved significantly over the years, leading to a wide array of types based on size, functionality, and purpose. Here are some of the primary classifications of computers:
- Based on Size and Power:
Supercomputers: These are the most powerful computers in terms of processing speed and computational capability. Supercomputers are often used for complex simulations, such as predicting weather patterns, molecular modeling, and deep space explorations. Notable examples include IBM’s Summit and
- Explain Random Access Memory and Read Only Memory along with their types?
Ans 3.
- RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM):
RAM is a type of volatile computer memory, meaning the data stored in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. RAM is the primary memory used by the computer to store data that is currently being processed or accessed. The “random access” term means that data can be read from or written to any address in
SET-II
- (a) Define Software Testing?
(b) Explain software testing strategy in detail?
Ans 4.
(a) Software Testing
Software Testing is the process of evaluating and verifying that a software product or application meets specified requirements and identifies any defects or discrepancies in its functionality, performance, or usability. The primary objective is to ensure the quality of the software, detecting errors or bugs, and ensuring that the software behaves as intended.
(b) Software testing strategy
A software testing strategy provides a systematic approach to the testing process, ensuring that all
- (a) What is Operating System?
(b) Discuss the different components of Operating System?
Ans 5.
(a) Operating System
An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that acts as an intermediary between computer users and the computer hardware. It provides a user interface and controls the computer hardware so that software applications can function.
The operating system is a vital component of the system software in a computer system.
- (a) Explain OSI Reference model?
(b) How is data transmission done in OSI model?
Ans 6.
(a) OSI Reference Model Explanation (200 words)
The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model is a conceptual framework used to understand and standardize the functions of a telecommunication or computing system. It divides the communication process into seven distinct layers, each responsible for a specific set of tasks. The main purpose of the OSI model is to facilitate interoperability between diverse
| SESSION | AugUsT 2023 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR of COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| course CODE & NAME | dca1102 – Programming in c |
| CREDITS | 4 |
| nUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS & Marks | 02
30 Marks each |
SET – I
- Describe various features of the C programming language.
Ans 1.
Features of the C Programming Language
Simplicity and Efficiency: C is known for its straightforward syntax and ease of use. While its roots date back to the early days of computing, its simple structure has made it a staple in modern programming. Moreover, C programs are efficient and have a fast execution time due to their close relation to assembly Its Half solved only
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- Explain various flow control statements in C with examples.
Ans 2.
Flow control in C is crucial for directing the program execution sequence based on certain conditions. There are several flow control statements in C that include conditional statements, looping statements, and jump statements. Let’s delve into each of them:
- Define a function. List and explain the categories of user-defined functions.
Ans 3.
Defining a Function:
In programming, a function is a self-contained block of code that encapsulates a specific task or related group of tasks. In Python, functions are defined using the def keyword. Here’s a basic example:
def greet(name):
return “Hello, ” + name + “!”
In the above example, we have defined a function named greet that takes a single parameter, name, and
SET – II
- Define an array. How to initializea one-dimensional array? Explain with suitable examples.
Ans 4.
Definition of an Array:
An array is a data structure that can hold more than one value at a time. It is a collection of variables that are accessed with an index number. Each element can be accessed by its position in the array. The majority of languages define the starting index of the array as 0.
- Initializing
5a. Define Structure and write the general syntax for declaring and accessing members.
- List out the differences between unions and structures.
Ans 5.
5a Structure:
Definition:
A structure (often referred to as a “struct”) is a composite data type in many programming languages that groups together variables under a single name. These variables can be of different data types, and each of them is called a member of the structure. Structures are used for grouping data of different types together to describe a real-world entity in a more logical way.
General Syntax for
- Explain the difference between static memory allocation and dynamic memory allocation in C. Explain various dynamic memory allocation function in c.
Ans 6.
STATIC MEMORY ALLOCATION:
Definition: In static memory allocation, the memory for variables is allocated at compile time. The size of the memory to be allocated is known beforehand and remains fixed during the execution of the program.
Duration: Memory is allocated for the entire duration of the program’s execution. Once allocated, the memory size cannot be
| SESSION | AugUsT 2023 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR of COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| course CODE & NAME | dca1103 |
- State inclusion-exclusion principle. In a class of 1000 students, 625 students pass in Mathematics and 525 pass in Data Structure. How many students pass in Mathematics only and how many students pass in Data Structure only?
Ans. Inclusion-exclusion principle states that the number of elements in the union of two or more sets is equal to the sum of their sizes minus the size of their intersection, plus the size of the intersection of their pairwise intersections, and so on.
Formula:
|A ∪ B| = |A| + |B| – |A ∩ B|
Example: In
- Simplify into form and find its modulus and the amplitude.
Ans.
Ans.
Dividing the numerator and denominator by gives:
Multiplying the numerator and denominator by the conjugate
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- Evaluate .
- Solve the differential equation.
Ans a
To evaluate the definite integral , where and are the limits of integration, you can use integration by parts. The formula for integration by parts
Ans b.
This is a homogeneous differential equation, which means that we can rewrite it as a separable equation by dividing both
- Evaluate the followings:
(i) (ii)
- Find the probability of drawing a diamond card in each of the two consecutive draw from a pack of well shuffled 52 cards, (i) if the card is replaced, (ii) if the card is not replaced.
Ans.
(i) Evaluate the following:
This is a straightforward application of L’Hôpital’s rule. Dividing both the numerator and denominator by ,
- Check whether the following is Tautology or Contradiction:
- (i)
- (ii)
Ans. Solution 1:
Using a truth table:
- Apply Cramer’s rule to solve the system of equations: ; 2; .
Ans. To solve the system of equations using Cramer’s rule, we first need to calculate the determinant of the coefficient matrix.
| 3 | 1 | 2 || 2 | -3 | -1 || 1 | 2 | 1 || 3 | 1 | 2 || 2 | -3 | -1 || 1 | -2 | 0 || 3 |
| SESSION | AUGUST 2023 |
| PROGRAM | BCA |
| SEMESTER | I |
| course CODE & NAME | DCA1104& Understanding PC & Troubleshooting |
| CREDITS | 4 |
| nUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS & Marks | 02 & 30 Marks each |
SET-I
- Explain various types of BUSES and processor modes in CPU.
Ans 1.
TYPES OF BUSES IN A CPU:
In computer architecture, a bus is a communication system that transfers data between components within a computer or between computers. These buses enable the sharing of data and commands between the central processing unit (CPU) and other hardware components.
System Bus or Front-Side Bus (FSB): This is the primary communication line in a system, connecting the CPU to the main memory (RAM) and the motherboard’s main chipset. The speed of the FSB is crucial for the computer’s performance Its Half solved only
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- Explain S RAM, SD RAM, DDR SD RAM, and ED RAM. 2*5
Ans 2.
S RAM (Static RAM):
Definition: Static RAM is a type of semiconductor memory that retains its contents as long as power is connected. It uses bistable latching circuitry to store each bit.
Characteristics:
- Faster than DRAM.
- Requires more
- Explain password trouble shooting in CMOS. Discuss briefly features of BIOS.
Ans 3.
Password Troubleshooting in CMOS:
The CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) is a type of non-volatile RAM that stores the BIOS settings of a computer, including the system time and hardware configuration. Sometimes, for security purposes, a password can be set in the BIOS to prevent unauthorized access to the system’s setup. If
SET-II
- Describe construction of a hard drive with diagram.
Ans 4.
Construction of a Hard Drive
A hard drive, commonly referred to as a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), is a critical component in modern computers, responsible for storing vast amounts of data in a non-volatile manner. This means that the data remains intact even when the computer is powered off. The construction of a hard drive is intricate, involving several components that work together to read, write, and store data. Let’s dive into the primary
- Explain Blu Ray disk in brief. What are the software standards followed by Blu Ray disk?
Ans 5.
BLU-RAY DISC: AN OVERVIEW
The Blu-Ray Disc (often simply referred to as “Blu-Ray”) is a digital optical disc storage format designed to supersede DVDs, offering greater storage capacity and better quality for video and audio content. The name “Blu-Ray” is derived from the blue-violet laser used to read and write this type of disc. Because of its enhanced storage capabilities, the Blu-Ray Disc has become the standard for high-definition video content and has found widespread application in film and video game
- Discuss functioning of Compatibility mode, Nibble mode and EPP mode in parallel port.
Ans 6.
Parallel Port: Modes of Operation
The parallel port, often referred to as the printer port or LPT (Line Print Terminal), is a type of interface commonly used for connecting printers and other peripheral devices to a computer. Over the years, as the need for faster data transfer and more versatile communication increased, various modes of operation were introduced for the parallel port. Among these are the Compatibility mode, Nibble mode, and EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port) mode. Let’s delve into the
unication suitable for a wide range of devices.
| SESSION | AUGUST 2023 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA) |
| SEMESTER | V |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DCA3142 / GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA |
| CREDITS | 4 |
| NUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS & MARKS | 02
30 MARKS EACH |
Assignment Set – 1
- Discuss DDA and Bresenham’s algorithm with suitable example. 5+5
Ans 1.
Digital Differential Analyzer (DDA) Algorithm
The Digital Differential Analyzer (DDA) is a scan-conversion method used in computer graphics for drawing a straight line. It’s a straightforward method based on linear interpolation.
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- Explain in detail all types of 2D transformations. 10
Ans 2.
Two-dimensional (2D) transformations are fundamental operations in computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD) that allow you to manipulate the position, size, and orientation of 2D objects. There are several types of 2D transformations, each serving a specific purpose. Let’s explore them in detail:
- Translation: Translation is the simplest 2D transformation, involving the movement of an object from one position to another. It is defined by two parameters: the amount of horizontal (dx) and vertical (dy) displacement. The new coordinates of a point (x, y) after translation are (x + dx, y + dy).
- Rotation: Rotation transforms an object by a certain angle θ about a fixed point called the center of rotation. This
- What is Two-dimensional viewing algorithm? Discuss the polygon clipping algorithm. 5+5
Ans 3.
Two-dimensional viewing algorithms are essential in computer graphics and computer-aided design (CAD) to determine which parts of a two-dimensional scene or image should be displayed on a screen or output device. These algorithms help in efficiently rendering complex scenes and handling various geometric primitives such as polygons, lines, and points. One important aspect of two-dimensional viewing algorithms is polygon clipping, which is
Assignment Set – 2
- What are Bezier curve and B-Spline curves? Write a detailed note on them. 5
Ans 4.
Bezier Curve:
A Bezier curve is a mathematical curve that is widely used in computer graphics, animation, and CAD (Computer-Aided Design) applications for defining and representing smooth, curved paths. Bezier curves are named after the French engineer Pierre Bézier, who developed them in the 1960s
- Write a detailed note on Light and Color models. 10
Ans 5.
Light Models:
In computer graphics and computer-generated imagery (CGI), light models are used to simulate the behavior of light and how it interacts with objects in a virtual scene. These models are essential for creating realistic and visually appealing 3D graphics. There are several light models, each designed to capture different aspects of how light behaves in the real world. Here are some common light models:
- Elaborate on the role of animation in Multimedia and also discuss Morphing. 10
Ans 6.
Role of Animation in Multimedia:
Animation plays a pivotal role in multimedia, enhancing the overall user experience and enabling the effective communication of information and ideas. In multimedia, which encompasses various media types like text, images, audio, and video, animation brings