BA SMU 2024 Solved Assignments Sample

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SESSION SPRING 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS
SEMESTER I
COURSE CODE & NAME OBAC101 NATURAL SCIENCE
CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

 

  1. A. List differences between shopping goods and specialty goods, with 2 examples under each category.

Ans: Differences between Shopping Goods and Specialty Goods Definition and Consumer Behavior: 

Shopping Goods: These are items that consumers typically compare on attributes such as quality, price, and style before making a purchase decision. Consumers spend more time and effort in the decision-making process.

Specialty Goods: These are items that have unique characteristics or brand identification for which a significant group of buyers is willing to make a special effort to purchase. Consumers usually exhibit strong brand loyalty and are less price-sensitive.

Frequency of Purchase: 

Shopping Goods: Purchased less

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  1. List and explain all the agents that go into the formulation of paints. Explain the importance of inclusion of each of these agents, and cite examples of these agents.

Ans:

Paints are complex mixtures of various components that each play a crucial role in the final product’s properties, performance, and application.

The key agents that go into the formulation of paints are: 

  1. Pigments Purpose: Provide color, opacity, and certain protective functions.

Types: Color Pigments: Provide the desired color to the paint.

Examples include titanium dioxide (white), iron oxides (red, yellow), and phthalocyanine blue.

Extender Pigments: Improve

 

  1. List and explain benefits of pesticides. Pls also list and explain harmful effects of pesticides in detail on all living beings and environment. Let your answer be specific to the pesticide agent, and the target impacted by the same.

Ans: Benefits of Pesticides:

Crop Protection: 

Target: Crops Explanation: Pesticides protect crops from pests such as insects, weeds, and diseases, preventing yield losses and ensuring food security.

Disease Control: 

Target: Humans and Animals Explanation: Pesticides help control vector-borne diseases by killing disease-carrying insects like mosquitoes and ticks, reducing the spread of diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Lyme disease.

Enhanced Public Health: 

Target:

Humans Explanation:

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. A. Describe the contribution of Science and Technology in Agriculture.

Ans: The contribution of science and technology in agriculture has revolutionized the way food is produced, enhancing productivity, efficiency, and sustainability.

Here are several key aspects of how science and technology have impacted agriculture: 

  1. Increased Crop Yields:

Crop Breeding: Advances in genetics and biotechnology have enabled the development of high-yielding crop varieties with desirable traits such as disease resistance, drought tolerance, and improved

 

 

  1. A. What are the chemicals used in Cosmetics? Classify them based on the class of cosmetic, listing benefits and harmful effects, against each class of chemical.

Ans: Chemicals used in cosmetics vary widely depending on the type of cosmetic product and its intended use.

Here, I’ll classify some common classes of chemicals used in cosmetics and provide examples, along with their benefits and potential harmful effects: 

  1. Surfactants: Examples: Sodium lauryl sulfate, Cocamidopropyl betaine Benefits: Surfactants act as cleansing agents, helping to remove dirt, oil, and debris from the skin and hair. They also contribute to the foaming and lathering properties of cosmetic products.

Harmful Effects:

 

 

  1. A. Justify the need for growing GMO crops for human and animal consumption.

Ans: The need for growing genetically modified organisms (GMO) crops for human and animal consumption arises from several key factors: 

  1. Food Security: Increased Yield: GMO crops are often engineered to exhibit traits such as pest resistance, disease resistance, and drought tolerance, leading to higher yields and improved crop productivity.

Global Demand: With the world’s population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, there is a growing demand for food to feed a growing population. GMO crops offer a solution to meet this demand by producing more food on existing agricultural land.

  1. Environmental Sustainability:

Reduced

 

SESSION SPRING 2024

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS

SEMESTER I

COURSE CODE & NAME OBAC102 COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH

CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1st

Questions

 

  1. Write a brief note on the Methods of Communication with the classifications.

Ans:

Methods of Communication

Communication is the process of transmitting information, ideas, thoughts, and emotions from one entity to another. Effective communication is crucial in both personal and professional settings. Methods of communication can be classified based on several criteria, including the mode of transmission, the direction of communication flow, and the formality of the interaction. Below is a classification of communication methods with brief descriptions.

Classification by Mode of

 

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  1. Write about any five poor listening habits.

Ans: Effective listening is a critical skill for communication, yet many people struggle with poor listening habits that can hinder understanding and collaboration.

Here are five common poor listening habits:

  1. **Interrupting the Speaker**

Interrupting occurs when a listener cuts off the speaker before they have finished expressing their thoughts. This habit can be driven by impatience, eagerness to share one’s own ideas, or a belief that the listener already knows what the speaker is going to say.

**Impact:**

– It disrupts the speaker’s train of

 

  1. Write a brief note about any five commandments of Good Speaking.

Ans: Effective speaking is a critical skill that enhances communication, engages audiences, and conveys messages clearly and persuasively.

Here are five key commandments of good speaking:

  1. **Know Your Audience**

**Understanding your audience is crucial for tailoring your message to their interests, level of knowledge, and expectations

 

 

Assignment Set – 2nd

Questions

 

 

  1. A. What is a meeting?

Ans: A meeting is a gathering of two or more individuals convened to discuss and address specific topics, issues, or objectives. Meetings are a fundamental aspect of organizational communication and decision-making, allowing participants to share information, collaborate on tasks, solve problems, make decisions, and develop strategies. They can vary greatly in format, duration, and purpose, and can be held in person, virtually, or in a hybrid format.

Key Elements of a Meeting Agenda: 

 

  1. Write briefly on the importance of body language.

Ans: Body language is a critical component of communication that often conveys more than words alone. It includes facial expressions, gestures, posture, eye contact, and other non-verbal cues. Understanding and effectively using body language can significantly enhance communication in various settings.

Here are some key points on the

 

 

  1. What are the Dos and Don’ts of CV Writing?

Ans: Creating a compelling CV (curriculum vitae) is essential for making a positive impression on potential employers.

Here are some dos and don’ts of CV writing to help you craft an effective and professional CV: 

Dos Do Tailor Your CV for Each Job:  Customize your CV to match the specific job description and requirements.

 

SESSION spring 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ArTS
SEMESTER II
COURSE CODE & NAME OBAC201 FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
CREDITS 4

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

 

  1. Discuss the evolution English of language.

Ans: The evolution of the English language is a fascinating journey that spans over thousands of years, marked by significant linguistic changes, influences from various cultures and languages, and the emergence of distinct dialects and variations.

Here’s an overview of the key stages in the evolution of the English language:


  1. Proto-Indo-European (PIE) Roots:     English belongs to the Indo-European language family, which originated Its Half solved only

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  1. Outline different types of sentences with examples.

Ans: Sentences are classified into different types based on their structure, purpose, and mode of expression.

Here’s an outline of the main types of sentences along with examples: 

  1. Declarative Sentences:

Purpose: Declarative sentences make statements or assertions and convey information.

Structure: They end with a

 

  1. Illustrate the difference between direct speech and indirect speech.

Ans: Direct speech and indirect speech are two ways of reporting what someone has said.

Here’s an illustration of the difference between them:

 Direct Speech: Direct speech involves quoting the exact words spoken by someone within quotation marks. It retains the original speaker’s words, punctuation, and tone. Direct speech is commonly used in storytelling, dialogue, and when directly quoting someone.

Example:

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. Examine different strategies of vocabulary building.

Ans: Building vocabulary is a continuous process that involves expanding one’s knowledge of words and their meanings. There are several effective strategies for vocabulary building, tailored to different learning styles and preferences.

Here are some strategies:

  1. Reading Widely: Approach: Reading books, newspapers, magazines, articles, and online content exposes you to a wide range of vocabulary in context.

Benefits: Reading

 

  1. Describe different types of figure speech.

Ans: Figures of speech are rhetorical devices that add richness, depth, and imagery to language by deviating from the ordinary or literal meanings of words.

Here are several common types of figures of speech:

  1. Simile: Definition: A simile compares two unlike things using “like” or “as.” Example: “Her smile was as bright as the

 

  1. Write on reading strategies.

Ans: Reading strategies are techniques and approaches used to enhance comprehension, retention, and engagement while reading.

Here are several effective reading strategies: 

  1. Previewing:

Approach: Before reading, preview the text by skimming headings, subheadings, summaries, and visuals to gain

 

SESSION SPRING 2024

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME OBAC202 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1st

Questions

  1. Define Ecosystem. Explain the Function and Structure of Ecosystem. What is the importance of Food Chains and Food Webs in the environment?

Ans: An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals, and microbes) interacting with each other and their non-living environment (air, water, and mineral soil) within a specific area. These interactions form a complex web of relationships that sustain the ecosystem’s processes and functions.

Structure of Ecosystem The structure of an ecosystem can be divided into two main components: 

Biotic Components: 

Producers (

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  1. Discuss five types of Renewable Resources. Write down the advantages and disadvantages of using Renewable Resources.

Ans: Types of Renewable Resources Solar Energy Advantages:

Abundant and widely available. Clean and produces no greenhouse gases during operation. Reduces electricity bills and provides energy independence. Low maintenance costs after installation.

Disadvantages:

 

  1. What is the effect of Air Pollution on the Environment? List out five different effect with short explanation.

Ans: Air pollution has far-reaching effects on both the environment and human health.

Here are five significant environmental impacts: 

Global Warming and Climate Change:  Air pollution contributes to the greenhouse effect by releasing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). These gases trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change. This disrupts ecosystems, alters weather patterns, and accelerates the melting of polar ice caps and glacier

 

 

 

Assignment Set – 2nd

Questions

  1. Explain the various reasons for Population Growth. Discuss how it affects our Environment.

Ans: Population growth is influenced by a variety of factors, including birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration.

Here are some key reasons for population growth: 

High Birth Rates: In many regions, particularly in developing countries, birth rates remain high due to cultural, social,

 

  1. Write about the Integrated Approaches to Address Urban Energy Challenges. Discuss two Strategies for Water Conservation.

Ans: Integrated Approaches to Address Urban Energy Challenges Urban areas face numerous energy challenges, including high energy demand, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions.

Integrated approaches that combine technological, policy, and behavioural strategies can help address these challenges effectively: 

Energy Efficiency Measures:  Implementing energy-efficient building codes and standards for new construction and retrofits can reduce energy consumption in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. Promoting energy-efficient appliances, lighting, and HVAC systems through incentives, subsidies,

 

 

  1. What are the Challenges in Addressing HIV/AIDS amid Population Growth? Write two important Strategies for Addressing HIV/AIDS in the Context of Population Growth.

Ans: Addressing HIV/AIDS amid population growth presents several challenges, including: 

Increased Vulnerability: Rapid population growth, particularly in urban areas and among marginalized populations, can exacerbate vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. High population densities, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, limited access to prevention and treatment services, poverty, and

 

SESSION SPRING 2024

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS

SEMESTER I

COURSE CODE & NAME OBAE111 INDIAN ENGLISH LITERATURE

CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1st

 

  1. In Ruskin Bond’s Grandfather’s Zoo, the writer develops a thematic concern wherein Animal-Human relationships has been expounded through various stories in the novella. Comment on this theme.

Ans: In Ruskin Bond’s novella “Grandfather’s Zoo,” the theme of animal-human relationships is central, exploring the bond between humans and animals through a series of engaging and heart-warming stories. Bond’s narrative captures the intricate and often affectionate interactions between his characters and a variety of animals, highlighting mutual respect, empathy, and the inherent value of all living creatures.

This theme is developed in

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  1. How does the author KM Munshi seek to establish his idea of Satyagraha in his critical essay ‘The Spiritual Basis of Satyagraha’?

Ans: In his critical essay “The Spiritual Basis of Satyagraha,” K.M. Munshi elaborates on the philosophical and ethical foundations of Satyagraha, a concept closely associated with Mahatma Gandhi’s approach to nonviolent resistance. Munshi’s essay seeks to establish Satyagraha not merely as a political tool but as a deeply spiritual practice rooted in Indian philosophical traditions.

 

  1. Through the lens of tradition and practice, critically appreciate the poem The Palanquin Bearers by Sarojini Naidu.

Ans: “The Palanquin Bearers” by Sarojini Naidu is a celebrated poem that beautifully encapsulates the traditional Indian practice of transporting brides in a palanquin, carried by bearers who sing in rhythm to their stride. Through this poem, Naidu portrays a rich tapestry of cultural heritage

 

 

 

Assignment Set – 2nd

Questions

 

  1. Critically analyze AK Ramanujan’s ‘Small Scale Reflections on a Great House’.

Ans: A.K. Ramanujan’s poem “Small-Scale Reflections on a Great House” delves into the complexity and paradoxes of a large, traditional Indian household. Through rich imagery, layered meanings, and a blend of personal and cultural reflection, Ramanujan portrays the house as a living entity that absorbs and integrates various elements of life, yet remains unchanged in its essential character.

Here is a critical analysis

 

 

  1. Comment on the character of the astrologer in RK Narayan’s An Astrologers Day.

Ans:  In R.K. Narayan’s short story “An Astrologer’s Day,” the character of the astrologer is multifaceted and serves as a central figure whose personal history, professional life, and inherent qualities are intricately woven into the narrative. Through this character, Narayan explores themes of fate, deception, and redemption.

Here is a detailed

  1. How has Kamala Das portrayed the patriarchal society in her poem ‘Introduction’?

Ans: Kamala Das’s poem “An Introduction” is a powerful critique of the patriarchal society she grew up in, reflecting the struggle for identity, freedom, and self-expression in the face of societal constraints. Through her vivid and candid portrayal, Das exposes the various ways in which patriarchal norms restrict and

 

SESSION SPRING 2024

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS SEMESTER I

COURSE CODE & NAME BA

SEM 2 – OBAE211 – World Literature

CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

 

  1. “Guy de Maupassant was the master of the short story. Considered as the greatest stylist of the short story, Maupassant wrote over 300 stories during his literary career, each unique in their form and plotting.” Comment on the above quote, discussing the style and contributions of Guy de Maupassant to World Literature.

Ans: Guy de Maupassant, often hailed as a master of the short story, made significant contributions to world literature through his prolific output and distinctive style. Writing over 300 short stories, Maupassant’s works are renowned for their precise prose, rich characterizations, and insightful examinations of human nature and society. Let’s explore his style and contributions in detail. 

Style of Guy de Maupassant: Economy of Language:  Maupassant’s writing is marked by its conciseness and Its Half solved only

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  1. “O. Henry’s mastery of the “tear with a smile” writing style brought him recognition from the literary world. O. Henry was an expert in blending humorous and dramatic elements.” Discuss the above statement in the light of the story “A Service of Love” by O. Henry.

Ans: O. Henry, known for his unique blend of humour and pathos, masterfully employed the “tear with a smile” writing style, which garnered him significant recognition in the literary world. This style, characterized by the interplay of comedic and dramatic elements, is vividly illustrated in his short story “A Service of Love.” 

Summary of “A Service of Love”:

“A Service of Love” tells the story of a young couple, Joe and Delia Latrobe, who are deeply in love and devoted to each other

 

 

  1. “The ending of ‘The Necklace’ is regarded by most scholars to be one of the most shocking in the history of the short story.” Discourse on the ending of “The Necklace” and how it impacts the theme and moral of the story.

Ans: “The Necklace,” a short story by Guy de Maupassant, is renowned for its ironic and shocking ending, which profoundly impacts the story’s theme and moral. The twist at the conclusion reveals the true nature of the necklace and the futility of the protagonist’s sacrifices, offering a

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. Critically analyse the story “The Necklace” and its broader themes and social commentaries.

Ans: “The Necklace,” a short story by Guy de Maupassant, is renowned for its ironic and shocking ending, which profoundly impacts the story’s theme and moral. The twist at the conclusion reveals the true nature of the necklace and the futility of the protagonist’s sacrifices, offering a poignant commentary on vanity, pride, and the consequences of dishonesty.

Summary of “The Necklace

 

  1. “The tragic nature of Maupassant’s stories eerily mirrored the circumstances that characterized his own life and painful death.” Do you agree with the above statement? Answer with a biographical sketch of Guy De Maupassant.

Ans: The statement suggests a correlation between the tragic nature of Guy de Maupassant’s stories and the circumstances of his own life, particularly his painful death. While there are certainly parallels between Maupassant’s life experiences and the themes of his stories, it’s essential to examine his biography to understand the extent of this correlation. 

Biographical Sketch of Guy de Maupassant:

Early Life:  Guy de

 

  1. “A relationship built on lies is doomed to fail”. Do you agree with this statement? Answer in the context of the story “A Service of Love”.

Ans: In the context of “A Service of Love” by O. Henry, the statement “A relationship built on lies is doomed to fail” resonates deeply with the central theme of honesty and deception. The story follows the relationship between Joe and Delia Larrabee, a young couple deeply in love with each other.

However, their love is

 

SESSION SPRING 2024

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS

SEMESTER I

COURSE CODE & NAME OBAP112 FOUNDATIONS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

 

  1. How political science is different from other fields of study like political philosophy, political ideology etc.?

Ans:

Political science is a broad field that encompasses various sub-disciplines, each with its distinct focus, methods, and goals.

Here’s how political science differs from related fields like political philosophy, political ideology, and others: 

  1. Political Science:

Definition: Political science

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  1. What are the fundamental principles and methodologies of behaviourism in the context of political science?

Ans:

Behaviourism in political science focuses on the empirical study of political behaviour, often emphasizing observable and measurable actions over abstract theories or internal states. Originating from the broader psychological theory of behaviourism, which was pioneered by scholars like John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner, behaviourism in political science seeks to apply similar principles to understand and predict political actions and decisions.

Here are the fundamental principles and methodologies of behaviourism in the context of political science: 

 

  1. Write a short note on Laski’s Theory of Rights

Ans: Harold J. Laski, a prominent British political theorist, developed a comprehensive theory of rights that emphasizes the relationship between the individual and society. Laski’s theory of rights is deeply rooted in his broader political philosophy, which is influenced by liberalism, socialism, and pluralism.

Here is a short note on Laski’s theory of rights:

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. Examine the relation between liberty and equality.

Ans: The relationship between liberty and equality is a central concern in political theory, and it involves complex interactions and potential tensions.

Here’s a detailed examination of the relationship between these two fundamental concepts: 

  1. Defining Liberty and Equality:

Liberty: 

Negative Liberty: Freedom from

 

  1. How do the perspectives of Marshall and Giddens differ in their conceptualizations of citizenship?

Ans: The perspectives of T.H. Marshall and Anthony Giddens on citizenship differ significantly in their focus and conceptual frameworks.

Here is an analysis of their differing views on citizenship: 

T.H. Marshall’s Perspective on Citizenship:

  1. Historical Development: Marshall’s seminal work, “Citizenship and Social Class” (1950), outlines the historical evolution of citizenship in three stages: civil, political, and social rights. He argues that

 

  1. How has the globalisation impacted sovereignty of the state?

Ans:

Globalization has had a profound impact on the sovereignty of the state, challenging traditional notions of absolute and independent state authority.

Here are several key ways in which globalization has affected state sovereignty: 

  1. Economic Globalization:
  2. Interdependence: Globalization has led to increased economic interdependence among states. Trade agreements, international financial markets, and multinational corporations have tied the economies of states

SESSION SPRING 2024

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME OBAP212 POLITICAL THEORY

CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

 

  1. Discuss the traditional approach to political theory with special reference to philosophical approach.

Ans: The traditional approach to political theory is a method of studying political phenomena that emphasizes normative, philosophical, and historical perspectives. This approach contrasts with more empirical or scientific methods that have gained prominence in contemporary political science. The traditional approach, particularly the philosophical approach, delves deeply into questions about justice, rights, liberty, and the role of the state through a primarily normative lens.

Key Features of the Traditional Approach to Political Theory:

Normative Focus:  Traditional political theory often focuses on normative questions, such as what ought to be rather than what is. It deals with ideals and values like justice, freedom, equality, and democracy. It seeks to provide guidance on how political life should be structured and what

 

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  1. Critically analyze the behavioural approach to the study of political theory.

Ans: The behavioral approach to the study of political theory emerged in the mid-20th century as a reaction to the normative and philosophical traditions that had previously dominated the field. This approach emphasizes empirical research, the scientific method, and the observation of actual political behavior. It seeks to make political science more rigorous and objective by focusing on measurable and observable phenomena rather than abstract philosophical concepts. 

Key Features of the Behavioral Approach:

Empirical Focus:  The behavioral approach relies on empirical data and observable behaviours to understand political phenomena. It uses methods such as surveys, experiments, statistical analysis, and case studies to collect and analyze data. The goal is to uncover patterns and

 

  1. Discuss in detail the different types of authority.

Ans: Authority is a fundamental concept in sociology and political science, referring to the legitimate power or right to make decisions, issue orders, and enforce obedience. Max Weber, a prominent sociologist, identified three distinct types of authority, which are traditional authority, charismatic authority, and rational-legal authority. Each type of authority derives its legitimacy from different sources and has unique characteristics.

 Types of Authority:

Traditional

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. Critically analyze John Rawls’s theory of Justice.

Ans: John Rawls’s theory of justice, particularly as articulated in his seminal work “A Theory of Justice” (1971), is a cornerstone of contemporary political philosophy. Rawls presents a detailed argument for a conception of justice he calls “justice as fairness,” which he believes can reconcile the competing demands of liberty and equality in a democratic society.

Here’s a critical analysis of Rawls’s theory of justice: 

Core Principles of Rawls’s Theory:

Original Position and Veil of Ignorance:  Rawls introduces the concept of the original position, a

 

  1. Discuss the critique that communitarianism and multiculturalism make of colonial discourse.

Ans: Communitarianism and multiculturalism offer significant critiques of colonial discourse, emphasizing the importance of community, culture, and identity in understanding justice and politics. Both perspectives challenge the universalizing tendencies and cultural imperialism inherent in colonial discourse, advocating instead for the recognition and validation of diverse cultural traditions and community values.

 Communitarian Critique of

 

  1. Examine the origins and history of feminism.

Ans: The origins and history of feminism are complex and multifaceted, encompassing a wide range of movements, ideologies, and actions aimed at addressing gender inequalities and promoting women’s rights. Feminism has evolved over time, responding to changing social, political, and economic contexts.

Here is a detailed examination of its origins and history: 

Early Origins: Ancient and Medieval Periods:  Early traces of feminist thought can be found in ancient and medieval societies, although they were not part of an organized movement.

 

SESSION February 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR OF arts (BA)
SEMESTER I
COURSE CODE & NAME OBAS113– introduction to sociology
CREDITS 4

 

 

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

 

  1. What is the significance of sociology and why is it important?

Ans: Sociology, the study of society, social institutions, and social relationships, holds significant importance for various reasons.

It is significant and important for several reasons: 

Understanding Social Structures and Dynamics Insight into Social Institutions: Sociology helps us understand how major institutions like family, education, religion, and the economy shape and are shaped by societal norms and values.

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  1. How is Marx’s conflict theory critiqued, and what are its shortcomings?

Ans: Marx’s conflict theory, a cornerstone of his broader theoretical framework, emphasizes the role of social class conflict in driving societal change. According to Marx, societies progress through the struggle between different social classes, primarily the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class).

While conflict theory has been influential, it has also faced several critiques and identified

 

 

  1. What are the key characteristics of social institutions, and how do they function within society?

Ans: Social institutions are structured and enduring practices of human life that are built around well-established rules and norms or are centered on important activities and relationships. They play a crucial role in organizing society, shaping behavior, and maintaining social order.

Here are the key

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. Reflect on a recent major technological advancement and its impact on social change in communities or societies.

Ans: One of the most impactful recent technological advancements is the proliferation and evolution of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the form of large language models and machine learning algorithms.

The advent of sophisticated AI systems, such as GPT-4 and similar models, has profound implications for social

 

 

  1. Define ‘deviance’ within a sociological framework. Provide an example of deviant behavior and analyze why it might be perceived as deviant in one society and not in another.

Ans: In a sociological framework, deviance refers to behaviors, beliefs, or conditions that violate the norms or expectations of a particular society or social group. Norms are the rules and standards of behavior that are accepted by members of a society. Deviance is context-dependent and can vary significantly across different cultures, time periods, and social settings. 

 

  1. Outline two methods societies employ to maintain social control. Offer personal examples illustrating each method in practice.

Ans:

Societies employ various methods to maintain social control, ensuring order, stability, and predictability within communities.

Two prominent methods are: 

Formal Social Control:  This involves established laws, regulations, and rules enforced by authorized institutions such as the government, police, and judiciary. These mechanisms are codified and standardized to maintain order and discipline.

Personal Example: 

 

SESSION SPRING 2024

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF ARTS-(SOCIOLOGY)

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME OBAS213- SOCIOLOGY IN INDIA

CREDITS 4

 

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

 

  1. Explain what you know about Henry Maine`s evolutionary sociology and G.S Ghurye`s Indigenous sociology, respectively.

Ans: Henry Maine’s Evolutionary Sociology Henry Maine (1822-1888) was a British jurist and historian known for his influential work in the field of legal history and comparative law. His contributions to sociology, particularly his evolutionary approach, are significant for understanding the development of societies and legal systems. 

Key Concepts of Maine’s Evolutionary Sociology:

Status to Contract:  Maine’s Its Half solved only

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  1. What is Satyashodhak Samaj and Mahila Mandal? Explain some of the legacy and impact of Mahatma Jyotirao Phule.

Ans: Satyashodhak Samaj Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Seekers of Truth) was a social reform society founded by Mahatma Jyotirao Phule in 1873 in Pune, India. The primary aim of the organization was to promote social equality and to fight against the oppression faced by marginalized communities,

 

  1. a. Do you think modernization has impacted traditional village life? If yes, then how?

Ans: Modernization has significantly impacted traditional village life in various ways. The process of modernization, characterized by technological advancements, urbanization, improved infrastructure, and changes in social norms and values, has both positive and negative effects on rural communities.

Here’s an in-depth look at how modernization has affected traditional village life: 

Positive Impacts

 

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. A. How do you assess the significance of cultural symbols and icons?

Ans: Assessing the significance of cultural symbols and icons involves understanding their roles, meanings, and impacts within a society. Cultural symbols and icons are powerful tools for communication, identity formation, and social cohesion.

Here are key factors to consider when assessing their significance: 

  1. Historical Context and Origins Origins: Investigate the historical background and origins of the symbol or icon.

 

  1. Give a brief account of the historical roots of caste. How does caste manifest itself in society?

Ans: The caste system in India has deep historical roots, dating back thousands of years. It is believed to have originated from the Vedic social order, where society was divided into four varnas or classes: Brahmins (priests and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (traders and farmers), and Shudras (labourers and service providers). Over time, this system became more rigid and hierarchical, with birth determining an individual’s social status and occupation. 

Caste is not only a

 

  1. Discuss how the idea of nationalism was different for Rabindranath Tagore, Jawaharlal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi during India`s fight for Independence.

Ans: Rabindranath Tagore, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Mahatma Gandhi, three prominent figures in India’s struggle for independence each had distinct perspectives on nationalism, reflecting their diverse backgrounds, ideologies, and visions for India’s future.

Rabindranath Tagore:  Tagore’s conception of nationalism was deeply rooted in humanism and universalism. He was critical of narrow, exclusivist forms of nationalism that emphasized cultural or ethnic