BBA 3rd SEM MUJ Solved Assignments Feb/March 2024

SESSION April 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER III
COURSE CODE & NAME SV
CREDITS 4

 

 

Assignment Set – 1st

Questions

 

  1. “All contracts are agreements, but all agreements are not contracts.” Discuss the statement explaining the essential elements of a valid contract.

Ans: The statement “All contracts are agreements, but all agreements are not contracts” reflects the legal principle that not all agreements rise to the level of a legally enforceable contract. An agreement is a broader concept that refers to a meeting of minds between two or more parties, while a contract is a specific type of agreement that is legally binding and enforceable in a court of law. For an agreement to transform into a contract, certain essential elements must be present.

 

These

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  1. When can the first annual general meeting of the company be held? Explain the provisions as to time and place of annual general meeting of a company.

Ans: The first Annual General Meeting (AGM) of a company must be held within a specific time frame after its incorporation, as per the provisions of the Companies Act or relevant corporate laws of the jurisdiction where the company is registered.

Here are the typical provisions regarding the time and place of the AGM of a company: 

Time of Annual General Meeting:

First Annual General Meeting:  The first AGM of a company must be held within a specified period after its incorporation, as mandated by the applicable company laws or regulations. The timeframe for holding the first AGM varies depending on the jurisdiction but is usually within a period

  1. Define and distinguish between a Condition and a Warranty with appropriate example.

Ans: They differ in their importance and the consequences of their breach. 

Condition:

Definition: A condition is a fundamental term of a contract that is essential to its performance. It is a stipulation or requirement that must be fulfilled for the contract to be valid and for the parties to be bound by it. 

Consequence of Breach: If a condition is breached, the innocent party has the option to terminate the contract and seek damages for any losses suffered. Breach of a condition allows the innocent party to treat the

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

  1. Who is a Consumer? What consumer rights are guaranteed under Consumer Protection Act, 2019?

Ans: Consumer – “Consumer” means any person who, (i) buys any goods for a consideration which has been paid or promised or partly paid and partly promised, or under any system of deferred payment and includes any user of such goods other than the person who buys such goods for consideration paid or promised or partly paid or partly promised, or under any system of deferred payment, when such use is made with the approval of such person, but does not include a person who obtains such goods for resale or for any commercial purpose; or (ii) hires or avails of any service for a consideration which has been paid or promised or partly paid an

 

  1. What do you understand by Hazardous substances? Also discuss different types of environmental pollution.

Ans: “Hazardous substance” means any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or physio-chemical properties or handling, is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms, property or the environment. It is mandatory that every person generating hazardous waste and possessing the facility for collection, treatment or storage of the waste, should seek authorization from the State Pollution Control Board. There are specific rules regulating the handling of hazardous substances such as those related to their packaging, labelling and transportation. In relation to hazardous and toxic chemicals being

 

 

  1. The Competition Act, 2002 is an improvement on the MRTP Act, 1969. Critically analyse and differentiate among them.

Ans:

The Competition Act, 2002, represents a significant shift from the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act, 1969, in the context of competition law in India. The Competition Act was enacted to address the changing economic landscape, promote fair competition, and prevent anti-competitive practices.

 

Let’s critically analyze and differentiate between the two acts: 

 

  1. Objectives and Scope: MRTP Act, 1969: The primary focus of the MRTP Act was to prevent the concentration of economic power, curb monopolistic practices, and prohibit restrictive trade practices.

 

SESSION APRIL 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR of business administration (BBA)
SEMESTER III
course CODE & NAME DBB2102 – QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES for Management
CREDITS 2

 

 

Set – 1st

Questions

 

  1. a Describe briefly different sources of primary data and secondary data?

Ans: Sources of Primary Data Surveys and Questionnaires: 

Description: Structured forms with a set of questions aimed at collecting data from a large number of respondents.

Example: Customer satisfaction surveys, employee feedback questionnaires.

Interviews: 

Description: Direct, face-to-face or virtual conversations between the researcher and respondents, which can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured.

Example: In-depth interviews with experts, key informant interviews.

Focus Groups: 

Description: Group discussions

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1 b. Explain in brief the characteristics of a good questionnaire?

Ans: A good questionnaire is a vital tool for collecting reliable and valid data in research.

Here are the key characteristics that define a well-designed questionnaire: 

  1. Clear Objectives Description: The questionnaire should align with the specific objectives of the research, ensuring each question contributes to gathering data relevant to the study’s goals.

Example: If the research aims to measure customer satisfaction, questions should focus on various aspects of the customer

 

 

  1. a. Describe requisites of a good measure of dispersion.

Ans: The main objectives of measuring dispersion of a distribution are:

To test reliability of an average

A measure of dispersion is used to test the reliability of an average.

A low value of dispersion indicates that there is greater degree of homogeneity among various items and, consequently, their average can be taken as more reliable or representative of the distribution. To compare the extent of the variability in two or more distributions

The extent of variability in two or more distributions can be compared by computing their respective

 

 

  1. Calculate the mean of the following frequency distribution:
 X 2 4 6 8 10
Frequency f 1 4 6 4 1

Ans:

To calculate the mean of a frequency distribution, you use the formula:

 

 

 

3a. Obtain the correlation coefficient for the data given below:

X: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Y: 9 8 10 12 11 13 14 16 15

Ans: To obtain the correlation coefficient for the given data, we can use the Pearson correlation coefficient formula.

The formula for the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between two variables X and Y is given by:

 

 

 

  1. Demonstrate the uses of Regression Analysis? Give five examples where the use of regression analysis can beneficially be made.

Ans: Regression analysis is helpful statistical method that can be leveraged across an organization to determine the degree to which particular independent variables are influencing dependent variables.

The possible scenarios for conducting regression analysis to yield valuable, actionable business insights are endless.

Uses

  1. i) The coefficient of correlation is a measure of the degree of association between two variables. For comparing two series of observations, it is sometimes necessary to determine whether they are

 

Set – 2nd

Questions

 

  1. Explain various methods of Secular Trends.

Ans: Secular Trend: In this first type of change, the value of the variable tends to either decrease or increase over a long period of time. It can be defined as “a consistent long-term change in the average level of the forecast variable per unit of time”. The steady increase in the population of India recorded by the census department is an example of secular trend. Table shows a secular trend which is showing an upward

 

 

  1. Discuss the problems that are involved in construction of index numbers.

Ans: Constructing index numbers involves several challenges and potential issues. Index numbers are used to measure changes in economic variables over time, such as prices, quantities, and values.

Here are some key problems involved in the construction of index numbers: 

  1. Selection of Base Period Problem: Choosing an appropriate base period is crucial as it serves as the

 

  1. a. Explain the meaning of sampling method also delineate its principles.

Ans:

Meaning of Sampling

Method Sampling is a statistical process used in research to select a subset (sample) from a larger population for the purpose of making inferences about the whole population. Rather than studying the entire population, which can be time-consuming and costly, researchers study the sample and use the results to generalize to the population. 

Principles of

 

 

SESSION April 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER III
COURSE CODE & NAME DBB2103 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CREDITS 4

 

 

Assignment Set – 1st

Questions

 

  1. What do you mean by research? Explain the process of conducting research with the help of taking a research problem into consideration.

Ans: Once you have established the ‘what’ of the study, i.e., the research problem, the next step is the ‘how’ of the study, which specifies the method of achieving the research objectives. In other words, this is the research design. Green et al. (2008) define research design as ‘the specification of methods and procedures for acquiring the information needed.

Sellitz et al. (1962) state, ‘A research

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  1. What do you understand by a research design? Briefly explain the different types of research designs with the help of two examples under each.

Ans: Thyer (1993) states, ‘A traditional research design is a blueprint or detailed plan for how a  research study is to be completed—operationalizing variables so they can be measured,  selecting a sample of interest to study, collecting data to be used as a basis for testing  hypotheses, and analyzing the results.’ Sellitz et al. (1962) state, ‘A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research

 

  1. Explain the role of sampling method in business research. Differentiate between probability and non-probability sampling techniques along with the suitable examples under each method.

Ans: Sampling is a crucial aspect of business research, and the method used plays a significant role in determining the reliability and validity of the research findings. The sampling method involves selecting a subset of the population to represent the whole, as it may not be feasible or practical to study the entire population.

 

Here are several key roles and considerations of sampling methods in business research: 

 

Representativeness:  One of the primary

 

 

Assignment Set – 2nd

Questions

 

  1. Discuss the different situations in which primary and secondary methods of data collection will be used. Explain the different methods of collecting primary data with suitable examples.

Ans: Primary Data vs. Secondary Data: 

 

Primary Data: Primary data refers to information collected directly from original sources. This data is specific to the researcher’s particular study or purpose and is gathered first-hand. Primary data is typically more time-consuming and resource-intensive to collect but offers tailored and specific insights. 

 

Situations for Using Primary Data:  When Specific Information is needed:  Primary data is collected when researchers require specific details that are not available in existing sources. For example, a company

 

 

  1. What do you mean by a Questionnaire? Discuss the detailed process of designing a questionnaire for assessing customer satisfaction of any product.

Ans: Even though the questionnaire method is most used by researchers, designing a well-structured instrument needs considerable skill. Presented below is a standardized process that a researcher can follow.

Questionnaire Design Process:-

A questionnaire is a list of questions or items used to gather data from respondents about their attitudes, experiences, or opinions. Questionnaires can be used to collect quantitative and/or qualitative information.

 

  1. Discuss the following:

 

  1. Hypothesis and its types

Ans: Types of Hypothesis:

There are two types of hypothesis, i.e., Research Hypothesis and Statistical Hypothesis

 

  1. Research Hypothesis: A research hypothesis is a tentative solution for the problem being investigated. It is the supposition that motivates the researcher to accomplish future course of action. In research, the researcher determines whether or not their supposition can be supported through scientific investigation.
  1. Statistical Hypothesis: Statistical hypothesis is a statement about the population which we want to verify on the basis of sample taken from population. Statistical hypothesis is stated in such a way that they may

 

SESSION April 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR of business administration (BBA)
SEMESTER III
course CODE & NAME DBB2104 – Financial management
CREDITS 4

 

 

Assignment Set – 1ST

Questions

  1. Explain the functions of a financial manager in any organization.

Ans: A finance manager is a person who is responsible for carrying out the functions of a finance department. Let us discuss the main functions of finance managers.

Financial managers play a crucial role in organizations by managing the financial health and resources to achieve the organization’s objectives. Their functions encompass a broad range of responsibilities, spanning financial planning, analysis, decision-making, and reporting.

Here are the key functions of a

 

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  1. Calculate the present value of the following cash flows assuming a discount rate of 10% per annum.
Year Cash flows [₹]
1 10000
2 20000
3 30000
4 40000
5 50000

Ans: Here we will use the following formula:

PV = FV / (1 + r %)n

Where,

FV

= Future value, PV

= Present

 

 

  1. X ltd issued Rs 100, equity shares at a premium of 10%. At the end of the year, the expected dividend is 15% which is expected to grow 8% p.a.
  2. Calculate the cost of equity.

Ans: To calculate the cost of equity for X Ltd, we need to consider two scenarios based on the information provided: 

Scenario A: Growing Dividends In this scenario, we use the Gordon Growth Model (Dividend Discount Model), which accounts for a constant growth rate in dividends.

The formula for the cost of equity ( 

  1. If dividends are constant, and then what will be the cost of equity?

Ans: Constant Dividends In this scenario, we assume dividends remain constant and do not grow.

The formula for the cost of equity (   k e ​ ) is simplified to:

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

  1. What are the sources of finance? Discuss the short term and long term sources of finance for the firm.

Ans: A source or sources of finance, refer to where a business gets money from to fund their business activities. A business can gain finance from either internal or external

 

  1. The details regarding three companies are given below:
X Ltd Y Ltd Z Ltd.
r = 12% r = 8% r = 10%
Ke = 10 % Ke = 10 % Ke = 10 %
E = Rs. 100 E = Rs. 100 E = Rs. 100

Compute the value of an equity share of each of these companies applying Walter’s formula when the dividend pay-out ratio is (a) 0%, (b) 20%, (c) 40%.

Ans: According to Waltor’s Model

 

  1. What is Working capital management? Discuss various factors that affect working capital requirement?

Ans: WC typically means the firm’s holding of current or short-term assets such as cash, receivables, inventory and marketable securities. These items are also referred to as circulating capital. Corporate executives devote considerable amount of attention to the management of WC.

Working capital management is related to short-term assets or current assets. This integral part of financial management is very important as short-term survival is the basis for long-term success. The trade-off between risk (liquidity) and return (profitability) is very crucial. Having adequate working capital is crucial to meeting the current obligations and avoiding the risk of bankruptcy. In case the investment in current assets is large, it will affect the profitability of the conce

 

SESSION April 2024
PROGRAM BACHELOR of business administration (BBA)
SEMESTER III
course CODE & NAME DBB2105 – ADVERTISING AND SALES
CREDITS 4

Assignment Set – 1st

Questions

  1. Define Advertising along with the history of the Advertising. In extension to the same write five basic components of Advertising.

Ans: Advertising is a form of communication that aims to promote or sell a product, service, idea, or brand to a target audience. It is a strategic marketing activity designed to influence the behaviour, perceptions, or preferences of individuals, ultimately leading them to take a specific action. The primary objectives of advertising include creating awareness, generating interest, and stimulating desired responses from the audience.

“Advertising is the non-personal communication of information usually paid for, and usually persuasive in nature about

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  1. Discuss Hierarchy-of-Effects Model of advertising in detail.

Ans: Hierarchy-of-Effects Model

Among advertising theories, the hierarchy-of-effects model is predominant. It helps clarify the objectives of an advertising campaign as well as the objective of a particular advertisement. It also aids the marketing team in identifying the best communications strategy. The model suggests that a consumer or a business buyer moves through a series of six steps when becoming convinced to make a purchase.

These six steps are as follows:

 

  1. Detail Print Advertising. Explain the various Characteristics of the Print Media, also to include suitable examples to support your answer.

Ans: Print advertising includes printed advertisement in newspaper, magazines, and brochures and on other printed surfaces, such as posters and outdoor boards. Readers find that reading publication is more flexible than watching or listening to broadcast because they can stop and re-read, read sections out of order or move through the publication at their own speed. As the print message format is less fleeting than broadcast and more concrete, people tend to spend more

 

Assignment Set – 2nd

Questions

 

  1. Define Sales Management along with various Strategies of the same in detail, also to add suitable examples to support your answer.

Ans: A sales strategy consists of a plan that positions a company’s brand or product to gain a competitive advantage. Successful strategies help the sales force to focus on target market customers and communicate with them in relevant, meaningful ways. Sales representatives need to know how their products or services can fill customer needs and expectations. A successful sales strategy conveys this so that the sales force spends time targeting right customers at right point of

 

  1. Detail the concept of Personal Selling. Also, to discuss the various objectives of Personal Selling.

Ans: Personal selling can be defined as an oral communication with the potential buyers of a product with the intention of making a sale. It may focus initially on developing a relationship with a prospect, but ultimately ends with an attempt to close the sale.

Personal selling is one of the most important methods to contact the prospective buyer personally and to persuade him or her to buy the products. It involves the use of a sales force to support a push

 

  1. Explain various types of Sales Organization Structures, also to include suitable examples to support your answer.

Ans: There are four basic types of sales organization structures:

  1. Line sales organization
  2. Line and staff sales organization
  3. Functional sales organization
  4. Committee sales organization
  5. Line sales organization:

The line sales organization is the oldest and simplest sales organizational structure. It is widely used in smaller firms. For instance, smaller companies that cover a limited geographic area or sell a narrow product line, use this structure. The chain of command runs from the top sales executives down through subordinates. All executives exercise line authority and each subordinate is