| SESSION | JANUARY – FEBRUARY 2025 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1112 BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS |
Assignment Set – 1
- Discuss the scope of management in modern organizations and briefly explain how the basic formation of an organization that includes sole proprietorship, partnership, cooperative organisation, and company influences managerial functions and decision-making processes. 3+7
Ans 1.
Scope of Management in Modern Organizations
Management today extends far beyond traditional supervision and control. It plays a crucial role in achieving organizational goals efficiently and effectively. Modern organizations operate in a highly dynamic environment where management is responsible for planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, and controlling resources. The scope also includes strategic decision-making, innovation management, change management, and fostering a competitive edge in global markets. Management focuses on maximizing human potential, ensuring customer satisfaction, and promoting sustainability. As businesses embrace technology, management must integrate digital tools, data analytics, and AI-driven solutions for enhanced productivity. Leadership development, risk management, corporate governance, and
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- Briefly explain the modern approaches to management, and how do they differ from traditional management approaches? 6+4
Ans 2.
Modern Approaches to Management
Modern management approaches have evolved to address the complexities of contemporary business environments. The systems approach views organizations as interrelated and interdependent systems interacting with the external environment. Managers under this approach analyze the whole system rather than isolated parts. Contingency approach suggests that management practices must be tailored to fit particular circumstances; there is no one-size-fits-all method. Human relations approach emphasizes the importance of human behavior, needs, and attitudes within
3.Explain the process of departmentalisation. What are the different methods of departmentalisation and how do they impact the organisational structure and its performance? Provide examples to illustrate your answer 4+6
Ans 3.
Process of Departmentalisation
Departmentalisation is the process of dividing an organisation into distinct units or departments, each responsible for a specific set of activities. It begins after the major activities of the organisation are identified through job analysis and work breakdown. Similar tasks are grouped together to ensure specialization, efficiency, and clarity in functioning. Managers assign authority and responsibility for each department, ensuring accountability. Communication lines are established between departments to foster coordination. Departmentalisation ensures that work is organized logically, resources are allocated appropriately, and the chain of
Assignment Set – 2
- Explain the importance of interdepartmental coordination in managing the interdependencies among marketing, operations, and finance. How can effective collaboration among these departments enhance resource allocation and support organizational objectives? 5+5
Ans 4.
Importance of Interdepartmental Coordination
Interdepartmental coordination is essential for managing interdependencies among marketing, operations, and finance. Marketing, operations, and finance must work together to align product development, production scheduling, budgeting, and customer satisfaction goals. Without coordination, departments may pursue conflicting objectives, leading to inefficiencies and customer dissatisfaction. Effective coordination ensures that marketing campaigns are supported by operational capacity and financial resources. It helps prevent resource wastage, production delays, and financial mismanagement. Coordination fosters synergy, where departments complement each other’s efforts rather than operating in isolation. Through regular
- Define leadership. Compare and contrast the autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire leadership styles in terms of their impact on employee motivation, creativity, and overall team performance. 2+8
Ans 5.
Definition of Leadership
Leadership is the ability to influence, inspire, and guide individuals or groups toward the achievement of goals. It involves setting a vision, motivating people, building morale, and managing both people and resources effectively. Leadership is not just about authority but about creating an environment where individuals feel empowered and committed to organizational objectives
- Analyze the significance of business ethics in today’s corporate landscape. Explain the Key Challenges in Business Ethics and the ways to overcome them. 4+6
Ans 6.
Significance of Business Ethics in Today’s Corporate Landscape
Importance of Business Ethics in Modern Corporations
Business ethics refers to the moral principles and values that guide behavior and decision-making in business contexts. In today’s corporate landscape, business ethics is more critical than ever due to heightened public scrutiny, regulatory demands, and the global reach of organizations. Ethical practices help build trust with stakeholders, including customers, employees, investors, and communities. Companies that uphold strong ethical standards enhance their reputation, gain competitive advantages, and ensure long-term sustainability. Ethical business conduct
| SESSION | JANUARY-FEBRUARY, 2025 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1113 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING |
Assignment Set – 1
- Explain different types of accounting concepts in detail.
Ans 1.
Accounting Concepts
Accounting concepts are basic rules and assumptions that guide the preparation and presentation of financial statements. These concepts ensure that accounting information is meaningful, consistent, and comparable. By following these concepts, organizations maintain transparency and fairness in financial reporting, helping various stakeholders make informed decisions. Accounting
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- Journalize the following transactions –
Jan 1st – Mr. Harshit started his business with Rs. 80,000/- which he brought as his capital in cash.
Jan 10th – He purchased goods worth Rs.30,000/- in cash and Rs. 20,000/- on credit.
Jan 12th – He paid wages Rs. 500/-
Jan 15th – Sold goods for Rs. 20,000/- in cash and Rs. 25,000/- on credit
Jan 16th – Paid to suppliers Rs. 8,000/- for goods purchased on credit
Jan 20th – Received Rs. 15,000/- from his debtors
Jan 31st – Paid rent Rs. 1,000/- in cash
Ans 2.
Journal Entries
Journal entries form the first step in the accounting process. They are the written records of business transactions in a chronological order, capturing all financial activities of an organization on a daily basis. Every financial event, such as purchase, sale, payment, or receipt, is first recorded in the journal before being posted into the ledger. This ensures that no transaction is missed and that all activities are properly documented with accuracy and clarity.
Each journal entry follows the principle of double-entry bookkeeping, where every transaction has two effects — a debit in one account and a corresponding credit in another account. The total amount debited must always equal the total amount credited, maintaining the balance of the accounting
- Discuss the accounting process in detail. 10
Ans 3.
Accounting Process
Accounting process refers to the systematic steps followed to record, classify, summarize, and interpret financial transactions of a business. It ensures that all financial activities are properly documented and reflected accurately in financial statements. This organized process helps business owners,
Assignment Set – 2
- Describe in detail, different types of shares. 10
Ans 4.
Types of Shares
Shares represent units of ownership in a company. When individuals purchase shares, they become part-owners of the company and are entitled to a portion of its profits. Companies issue different types of shares to cater to various investor preferences and funding needs. Understanding the types of shares is essential for investors and company management.
Equity Shares
Equity shares are the most common type of shares issued by companies. They represent the ownership in the
- Define debentures and summarize the classification of debentures. 2 + 8
Ans 5.
Debentures and Classification of Debentures
Debentures are a type of long-term debt instrument used by companies to raise funds from the public. They are issued under the common seal of the company and acknowledge a debt owed to the debenture holders. Debentures carry a fixed rate of interest, which the company promises to pay at regular
- Discuss different methods used for calculation of depreciation in detail. 10
Ans 6.
Methods for Calculation of Depreciation
Depreciation refers to the gradual reduction in the value of a fixed asset due to wear and tear, passage of time, or obsolescence. It is an essential accounting process because it matches the cost of using an asset with the revenue it generates over its useful life. Different methods of depreciation calculation exist
| SESSION | JANYARY – FEBRUARY,2025 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | 01 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1114 MICROECONOMICS |
Assignment Set – 1
- Define the concept of elasticity of demand. What are the different degrees of price elasticity of demand? 2+8
Ans 1.
Elasticity of Demand and Degrees of Price Elasticity
Elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded of a good to changes in its price, income, or price of related goods. It shows how sensitive consumers are to changes in market conditions. When the price of a commodity changes, the extent to which demand for that commodity changes is referred to as price elasticity of demand. This concept helps businesses and
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- Explain the Law of Variable Proportion. 10
Ans 2.
Law of Variable Proportion
Law of Variable Proportion is a fundamental concept in microeconomics which explains the relationship between input and output when the quantity of one input is varied while keeping other inputs constant. It is particularly applicable in the short-run production function where some factors are fixed. This law helps firms understand how to efficiently allocate resources to maximize output and
- What is an indifference curve? Discuss the key properties of an indifference curve. 2+8
Ans 3.
Indifference Curve and its Properties
An indifference curve is a graphical representation that shows different combinations of two goods between which a consumer is indifferent. In other words, every point on the curve represents combinations of two goods that give the consumer equal satisfaction and utility. The consumer does not prefer one combination over another since both provide the same level of happiness. Indifference curves are a key part of consumer choice theory and help economists understand
Assignment Set – 2
- Describe the kinked demand curve model in an oligopolistic market. 10
Ans 4.
Kinked Demand Curve in Oligopoly
Kinked demand curve is an economic model developed to explain price rigidity often observed in oligopolistic markets. In an oligopoly, a few firms dominate the industry, and each firm’s pricing decisions affect the actions of other firms. The kinked demand curve model suggests that prices remain stable in oligopoly markets even when costs fluctuate, because firms are hesitant
- In which type of market is price discrimination practiced? Explain the various degrees of price discrimination. 2+8
Ans 5.
Market and Degrees of Price Discrimination
Price discrimination is a pricing strategy where a seller charges different prices for the same product or service from different customers. It occurs when the seller is able to segment the market and prevent resale between consumers. Price discrimination is commonly practiced in an imperfect market, especially under monopoly and monopolistic competition, where the seller has some degree of control over price. The seller exploits differences in consumers’ willingness to pay and charges different
- Illustrate and explain the cost-output relationship between short-run total cost curves with the help of a diagram. 10
Ans 6.
Cost-Output Relationship in Short Run
Short-run cost-output relationship examines how total costs vary with changes in output when at least one factor of production is fixed. In the short run, firms can change only variable factors like labor and raw materials, while fixed factors like machinery and buildings remain constant. The behavior of short-run cost curves is essential for understanding production decisions and pricing
| SESSION | JANUARY – FEBRUARY, 2025 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1115 ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
- What do you mean by entrepreneurship? What are its elements? 5+5
Ans 1.
Entrepreneurship and its Elements
Entrepreneurship refers to the activity of setting up a business or businesses with the aim of making a profit. It involves identifying a business opportunity, organizing resources, taking calculated risks, and innovating to bring a new product or service into the market. Entrepreneurs are individuals who create and manage enterprises, often bringing innovation and fresh ideas that drive economic growth. Entrepreneurship is not just about starting a business; it is about creating value, solving problems, and responding to market needs with agility and creativity.
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- Differentiate between debt and equity financing. What role do venture capitalists play in startup financing? 5+5
Ans 2.
Debt and Equity Financing and Role of Venture Capitalists
Financing is one of the most critical aspects of establishing and growing a business. Entrepreneurs require capital to fund operations, develop products, hire talent, and expand. Two primary forms of business financing are debt financing and equity financing. Both have different implications for ownership, risk, and control over the business. Venture capitalists also play a crucial role in supporting startups, especially those with high growth potential but limited initial revenues
- Discuss the stages of an EDP. Explain the role of government in fostering entrepreneurship. 6+4
Ans 3.
Stages of Entrepreneurship Development Programme and Role of Government
Entrepreneurship Development Programme (EDP) refers to a structured process aimed at developing entrepreneurial abilities among individuals. It involves training, guidance, and support to help aspiring entrepreneurs create and manage successful ventures. EDP focuses on developing necessary skills, knowledge, and attitudes to foster innovation and business growth. The
Assignment Set – 2
- List and define different types of IPR. How do trademarks and copyrights differ? 5+5
Ans 4.
Types of Intellectual Property Rights and Difference between Trademarks and Copyrights
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) are legal rights that protect creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, designs, and symbols. IPR ensures that inventors and creators can reap the benefits of their inventions or creations, encouraging innovation and creativity. Understanding the types of IPR is important for protecting business ideas, products, and branding
- What are the key stages in New Product Development (NPD). How does the Resource-Based Theory relate to NPD? 5+5
Ans 5.
Key Stages in New Product Development and Relation to Resource-Based Theory
New Product Development (NPD) is the process by which a company creates a new product from idea generation to market launch. It involves several critical stages that ensure the product meets market needs and contributes to the company’s growth. A systematic approach to NPD minimizes risks, optimizes resource use, and maximizes the chances of product succes
- Analyse Tesla’s approach to innovation, with reference to the following:
- a) How does Tesla use radical innovation?
- b) What factors contributed to Tesla’s market success? 5+5
Ans 6.
Tesla’s Approach to Innovation
Tesla is widely recognized as one of the most innovative companies of the 21st century. It has not just participated in the electric vehicle (EV) market but has completely transformed it through bold, radical innovations and disruptive strategies. Tesla’s approach is centered around challenging traditional methods, investing in advanced technologies, and redefining customer expectations in transportation and
| SESSION | JANUARY – FEBRUARY, 2025 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) |
| SEMESTER | 01 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1116 UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES |
Assignment Set – 1
- Discuss the concept of basic human aspiration in detail. How do continuity of happiness and prosperity form the foundation of human goals? 5+5
Ans 1.
Basic Human Aspiration and Role of Happiness and Prosperity
Human aspiration refers to the fundamental and continuous longing that drives individuals toward achieving a fulfilling life. It is a deep and persistent desire that influences behavior and decision-making across various aspects of life. Understanding basic human aspiration is crucial because it shapes the way individuals perceive themselves, their goals, and their relationship with society and nature. At the core of human aspiration lies the quest for happiness and prosperity, both of
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- Explain the concept of human endeavour in the light of holistic development. How can one align their efforts with universal human values? 5+5
Ans 2.
Human Endeavour and Alignment with Universal Human Values
Human endeavour refers to the efforts and activities undertaken by individuals and groups to achieve their aspirations and improve their quality of life. In the context of universal human values, human endeavour is not merely about economic or material success but about holistic development that addresses all aspects of human existence. True development is complete only when it nurtures physical,
- What do you understand by the term ‘resolution’? How does having a resolution lead to clarity and consistency in human behaviour? 5+5
Ans 3.
Resolution and its Role in Human Behaviour
Resolution refers to a firm decision or clarity in understanding one’s purpose, goals, and way of living. In the context of universal human values, resolution means developing a clear understanding of life’s objectives and aligning one’s thoughts, actions, and relationships accordingly. It is not just a one-time decision but a continuous commitment to living with clarity, consistency, and alignment with universal values. Resolution is essential for ensuring that human behavior remains stable, predictable, and directed toward meaningful goals rather than being
Assignment Set – 2
- What are the needs of the Self and the Body? How does confusion between the two leads to unhappiness or imbalance in life? 5+5
Ans 4.
Needs of the Self and the Body and Effects of Confusion
Human beings consist of two fundamental components — the Self and the Body. Each has distinct needs that must be recognized and fulfilled appropriately. The Self refers to the conscious entity, the seat of emotions, desires, understanding, and aspirations. The Body refers to the physical structure that needs proper maintenance for survival and functioning. A balanced life requires
- Explain the concept of nature and its four orders. How does understanding this help in living harmoniously with the environment? 10
Ans 5.
Concept of Nature and Four Orders
Nature is a self-organized, harmonious system comprising living and non-living entities that coexist in a balanced manner. It includes everything around us — air, water, soil, plants, animals, and human beings. Nature operates through a systematic interdependence where every entity has a role to play in sustaining life. Understanding nature’s working and its different components is crucial for living harmoniously and responsibly, ensuring that human activities do not disturb
- Define human conduct. How is it guided by values and right understanding? Discuss with examples. 3+7
Ans 6.
Human Conduct and its Relation with Values and Right Understanding
Human conduct refers to the behavior and actions of individuals as guided by their inner understanding, beliefs, and values. It is not just about external behavior but also includes internal attitudes, intentions, and aspirations. Human conduct is an expression of one’s understanding of life, relationships, and responsibilities. When guided by right understanding and universal human
| SESSION | JAN-FEB, 2025 |
| PROGRAM | BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION |
| SEMESTER | I |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DBB1117 OFFICE AUTOMATION TOOLS |
Set – 1
- Define Office Automation. 10
Ans 1.
Office Automation
Office automation refers to the use of technology, software, and systems to perform a wide variety of office tasks with minimal human intervention. It involves the application of electronic devices and communication technology to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and speed of administrative functions. Office automation is aimed at simplifying, optimizing, and automating routine tasks such as data storage, communication, document management, scheduling, and reporting, ultimately leading to improved productivity and reduced operational
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- Differentiate between Read-only Memory & Random Access Memory. 10
Ans 2.
Difference between Read-only Memory and Random Access Memory
Memory plays a critical role in the functioning of computer systems. Two essential types of memory are Read-only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM). Both have distinct characteristics, purposes, and impacts on the performance of computing devices. Understanding their differences is vital for grasping how computers process, store, and retrieve information
- Discuss the role of sorting in Excel sheets. 10
Ans 3.
Role of Sorting in Excel Sheets
Sorting in Excel is a fundamental feature that allows users to organize and arrange data systematically based on specific criteria. It plays a crucial role in enhancing data analysis, increasing clarity, and improving overall data management. Sorting helps users locate information quickly, identify trends, and make informed decisions. Whether working with small datasets or large databases, the ability to sort efficiently is essential for accurate and meaningful data
Set – 2
- Difference between input and output devices. 10
Ans 1.
Difference between Input and Output Devices
Input and output devices are essential components of a computer system, enabling communication between the user and the machine. They perform critical roles in ensuring that data can be entered, processed, and presented in a form understandable to humans. Understanding the distinction between input and output devices is fundamental to grasping how computer
- Explain the system and application software with examples. 10
Ans 2.
System Software and Application Software
Software is a collection of programs that instruct a computer system to perform specific tasks. It serves as an interface between users and hardware. Software is broadly classified into two main categories — system software and application software. Both are essential for the effective functioning of computers but differ in their purpose, functionality, and interaction with
- Describe the phases in the SDLC Life Cycle. 10
Ans 3.
Phases in SDLC Life Cycle
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a structured process used for developing information systems efficiently and effectively. It defines the stages involved in the development, implementation, and maintenance of a software application or system. SDLC provides a systematic approach to project management, ensuring that software meets business requirements and