| SESSION | JUL-AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | III |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DMBA301 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY |
Assignment Set – 1
1.Explain the meaning of Research and Further discuss various types of research.
Ans 1.
Research: An Overview
Research is a systematic process of inquiry aimed at discovering, interpreting, and revising facts or phenomena. It involves the use of scientific methods to solve problems, answer questions, or develop new knowledge. Research is a cornerstone of progress, providing the foundation for advancements in various fields, from science and technology to social sciences and business. At its core, research seeks to explore the unknown, build on existing knowledge, and contribute to a deeper
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- Discuss various types of data. Further discuss methods of Primary data collection. 10
Ans 2.
Types of Data
Data serves as the foundation for research and decision-making. It can be broadly categorized into two types: primary data and secondary data.
Primary Data is original and collected firsthand by the researcher for a specific purpose. It is tailored to meet the unique needs of a study, ensuring relevance and accuracy. For example, data collected through surveys, interviews, or experiments falls under this category. Since primary data is specific to the research objectives, it is highly reliable but often requires significant time and resources to collect.
Secondary Data, on the other hand, is pre-existing information that has been collected, analyzed, and documented by others. Examples include government
3.Discuss various types of questions in questionnaire and their need in questionnaire. 10
Ans 3.
Types of Questions in a Questionnaire and Their Role
A questionnaire is a structured tool used to gather information from respondents systematically. It comprises different types of questions, each serving a specific purpose to ensure the research objectives are met. The selection of question types significantly impacts the quality and depth of the data collected.
- Open-Ended Questions Open-ended questions allow respondents to answer in their own words without any constraints. These
Assignment Set – 2
- Explain Editing. Discuss various types of editing.
Ans 5.
Editing: An Overview
Editing is the process of reviewing and refining raw data collected during research to ensure accuracy, consistency, and completeness. It is a crucial step that bridges data collection and analysis, enabling researchers to maintain the quality and reliability of their findings. By identifying and rectifying errors, editing ensures that the data is suitable for meaningful interpretation.
Editing involves examining the data for issues such as missing values, duplicate entries, incorrect formatting, or
- Research proposals and reports are an important component of research. Discuss and further describe various components of research report. 4+6
Ans 5.
Research Proposals and Reports: Significance and Components
Research proposals and reports are integral to the research process, serving distinct but complementary roles. A research proposal outlines the objectives, methodology, and significance of a study, acting as a blueprint for the research. It is typically prepared before the research begins and is used to secure funding, approval, or support. On the other hand, a research report
- A random sample of 395 people in a country were surveyed to find out if gender is independent of education level. Each person was asked to report on the highest education level they had obtained. The data that resulted from the survey is summarized in the following table:
Formulate the hypothesis and test that are gender and education level dependent at 5% level of statistical significance? 2+8
Ans 6.
Hypothesis Testing for Gender and Education Level
Step 1: Formulating Hypotheses
- Null Hypothesis (H₀): Gender and education level are independent.
- Alternative Hypothesis (Hₐ):
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | 03 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DMBA302 LEGAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS |
- Assignment Set – 1
- Explain the essential elements of a contract of sale under the Sale of Goods Act, 1930.
- Ans 1.
- Essential Elements of a Contract of Sale under the Sale of Goods Act, 1930
- The Sale of Goods Act, 1930, governs the principles related to contracts of sale in India. A contract of sale involves the exchange of goods for a price, and its validity depends on certain essential elements. Understanding these elements is crucial for ensuring compliance with legal provisions.
- A contract of sale requires at least two parties: a buyer and a seller. The seller transfers or agrees to transfer the ownership of goods to the buyer for a price. This mutual agreement is at the heart of every contract
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- Discuss the different modes of dissolution of a partnership firm under the Indian Partnership Act, 1932.
- Ans 2.
- Modes of Dissolution of a Partnership Firm under the Indian Partnership Act, 1932
- The dissolution of a partnership firm refers to the cessation of its business activities and the termination of the relationship among the partners. The Indian Partnership Act, 1932, specifies various modes by which a partnership firm can be dissolved, depending on the circumstances and agreement among the
- Define a valid contract under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, and explain the essential elements required to constitute a valid contract. 2+8
- Ans 3.
- Definition of a Valid Contract under the Indian Contract Act, 1872
- A valid contract is defined under Section 2(h) of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, as “an agreement enforceable by law.” It implies that for an agreement to be legally binding, it must satisfy certain essential elements prescribed by the Act. Without these elements, an agreement may not have legal
- Assignment Set – 2
- Define a patent. Describe the procedure for obtaining a patent. 3+7
- Ans 4.
- Definition of a Patent
- A patent is a form of intellectual property right granted to an inventor by the government, which provides the inventor with exclusive rights to make, use, sell, or distribute their invention for a specific period, usually 20 years. Under the Indian Patents Act, 1970, a patent can be granted for inventions that are new, involve an inventive step, and are capable of industrial application. A patent aims to encourage innovation by protecting inventors’ rights and providing
- Discuss the rights of consumers under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. 10
- Ans 5.
- Rights of Consumers under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019
- The Consumer Protection Act, 2019, aims to safeguard the interests of consumers in India by providing them with several rights. These rights ensure fair trade practices, address grievances, and protect consumers from exploitation in the marketplace. The Act emphasizes consumer empowerment and holds businesses accountable for their actions.
- Right to Safety
- Consumers have the
- Explain the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) under the Companies Act, 2013.
- Ans 6.
- Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) under the Companies Act, 2013
- The Companies Act, 2013, introduced the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to encourage businesses to contribute to social welfare. CSR underlines the responsibility of companies to engage
SESSION |
JUL – AUG 2024 |
PROGRAM |
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
SEMESTER |
III |
COURSE CODE & NAME |
DFIN301 SECURITY ANALYSIS AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT |
|
|
|
Assignment Set – 1
- Global Energy Corp. provides the following expected returns and probabilities for five states of the economy:
- State P: Probability = 0.15, Return = 5%
- State Q: Probability = 0.25, Return = 15%
- State R: Probability = 0.3, Return = 10%
- State S: Probability = 0.2, Return = 8%
- State T: Probability = 0.1, Return = 20%
Calculate the average expected return and risk.
Ans1.
Calculating Average Expected Return and Risk
Understanding Average Expected Return and Risk
The average expected return and risk are fundamental metrics in portfolio management, aiding in assessing the potential performance and volatility of investments. The expected return represents the weighted average of possible returns based on their probabilities, while risk (standard deviation) quantifies the dispersion of returns around the average.
Expected Return Calculation
To calculate the expected return for
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2a. Consider a bond with a face value of €500, a 9% annual coupon rate, and 8 years to maturity. If the annual interest rate is 8%, calculate the bond’s current value.
- b) Discuss the concept of Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)
Ans2:
Calculating Bond Value and Discussing MACD
(a) Bond Valuation
Bond valuation is essential for determining the fair price of a bond based on its future cash flows, which consist of periodic coupon payments and the face value at maturity. The present value (PV) of these cash flows is calculated using the formula:
Where:
- is the bond price.
- is the annual coupon
3a. Assuming a risk-free rate of 6% and an expected market risk premium of 9%, what is the expected return on a stock with a beta of 1.0?
- Discuss the principles and implications of the Efficient Market Hypothesis.
Ans 3:
Expected Return and Efficient Market Hypothesis
(a) Expected Return Using CAPM
The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) calculates the expected return of an asset based on its systematic risk (), the risk-free rate, and the market risk premium. The formula is:
Where:
- is the expected return.
- is the risk-free rate (
Assignment Set – 2
4a. Analyze the role of Global Depository Receipts (GDRs) as a global investment avenue.
- b) Nancy invested 60% of her portfolio in Stock X, which has a return of 15%, and the remaining 40% in Stock Y, which has a return of 10%. Calculate the expected return of Nancy’s portfolio.
Ans 4:
(a) Role of Global Depository Receipts (GDRs) as a Global Investment Avenue
Global Depository Receipts (GDRs) are financial instruments that allow companies to raise capital internationally by issuing shares in foreign markets. These receipts are issued by international banks and represent ownership of a company’s shares, which are traded on stock exchanges outside the issuer’s home country. GDRs bridge the gap between global investors and domestic companies, fostering cross-border investments.
Key Features of GDRs:
Cross-Border Accessibility: GDRs
5a. Describe the meaning and benefits of mutual funds.
- Discuss the role of arbitrage in the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT).
Ans 5:
- Mutual Funds: Meaning and Benefits
Mutual funds are professionally managed investment vehicles that pool money from multiple investors to purchase a diversified portfolio of securities, such as stocks, bonds, or other assets. Managed by fund managers, mutual funds aim to achieve specific financial objectives, such as growth, income, or capital preservation, based on the fund’s investment strategy. They are an attractive option for individual investors seeking exposure to a broad range of investments without requiring in-
6a) Distinguish between fundamental analysis and technical analysis.
- b) What are the common mistakes made in investment management?
Ans 6:
Fundamental vs. Technical Analysis and Common Investment Mistakes
(a) Fundamental Analysis vs. Technical Analysis
Fundamental and technical analysis are two primary approaches to evaluating securities and making investment decisions. While both methods aim to guide investors in maximizing returns and minimizing risks, they differ significantly in their focus, methodology, and application.
Fundamental Analysis: Fundamental analysis involves assessing a company’s intrinsic value by examining its financial statements, economic conditions, industry trends, and management effectiveness. It seeks to determine
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | III |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DFIN302 MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS |
Assignment Set – 1
- What do you understand by the concept of mergers & acquisitions? Discuss the different types of mergers & acquisitions with suitable example? 2
Ans 1.
Understanding Mergers & Acquisitions
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are strategic moves undertaken by companies to achieve growth, synergy, market expansion, or diversification. A merger occurs when two companies combine to form a single entity, while an acquisition involves one company purchasing another to consolidate its position in the market. Both strategies are key components of corporate restructuring aimed at enhancing efficiency, gaining competitive advantage, and maximizing shareholder value.
The process of M&A involves
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2.Define Synergy. Explain different types of synergy.
Ans 2.
Synergy and Its Types
The term synergy refers to the enhanced value created when two companies combine their resources, expertise, and operations. The principle of synergy is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, meaning the combined entity is more efficient, productive, and valuable than the individual entities operating independently.
Types of Synergy
There are several
- Discuss in brief Master Limited Partnership. Explain the characteristics and various types of MLPs.
Ans 3.
Introduction to Master Limited Partnership (MLP)
A Master Limited Partnership (MLP) is a business structure that combines the tax advantages of a partnership with the liquidity of publicly traded securities. MLPs are primarily used in industries such as energy, real estate, and natural resources. They allow companies to raise capital efficiently while providing investors with regular distributions of income.
An MLP consists of two key entities: the general partner (GP) and the limited partners (LPs). The general partner manages the daily operations of the business, while the limited partners are the investors who provide capital and rece
Assignment Set – 2
- Summarize the content which should be included in Public Announcement of Offer.
Ans 4.
Introduction to Public Announcement of Offer
A Public Announcement of Offer is a critical document in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), particularly during takeovers or tender offers. It is a formal declaration issued by the acquirer, detailing the terms and conditions of the proposed offer to shareholders of the target company. This document serves as a primary communication tool, ensuring transparency and compliance with regulatory requirements.
Key Content in a Public
- Discuss the different basis of valuation in detail with suitable example.
Ans 5.
Introduction to Valuation in M&A
Valuation is a cornerstone of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). It involves determining the worth of a target company to establish a fair offer price. Different methods of valuation are used depending on the industry, purpose, and circumstances of the transaction. A robust valuation ensures that the deal is financially sound and aligns with the strategic goals of the acquirer.
Basis of Valuation in M&A
Several approaches form the
6.Write a short note on challenges present in mergers & acquisitions. Justify your answer with suitable examples.
Ans 6.
Introduction to M&A Challenges
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are intricate processes that aim to create value through business consolidation. However, despite their potential benefits, M&A deals often face numerous challenges that can hinder their success. These challenges can arise from cultural differences, financial miscalculations, regulatory issues, or operational integration difficulties.
Key Challenges in M&A
Cultural Integration Cultural
| SESSION | JULY -AUGUST 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | 3 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DFIN303 TAXATION MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
- What is the meaning of business connection as explained in section 9 of the Income tax Act? Provide a few suitable examples for the same?
Ans 1.
Meaning of Business Connection as per Section 9 of the Income Tax Act
The concept of “business connection” as explained in Section 9 of the Indian Income Tax Act serves as a critical foundation in determining the tax liability of a non-resident in India. It signifies a relationship or connection that establishes the presence of a business activity of a non-resident in India. This provision ensures that income arising from such a connection is taxable in India, even if the income originates outside the country.
Definition and Scope of Business Connection
According to Section 9(1)(i), a business connection refers to any relationship or arrangement between a non-resident and an Indian entity that contributes to the earning of income in India. This includes activities carried out through agents,
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- What is double taxation avoidance agreement (DTAA) ? Explain the importance of DTAA with suitable examples. Further, explain the taxability of fee for technical services (FTS) and royalty as compared to the provisions in Income tax Act with comparative table.
Ans 2.
Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA)
Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA) is an important mechanism designed to mitigate the impact of double taxation on the same income earned in two countries. This is achieved through bilateral treaties between countries, ensuring equitable taxation without creating a financial burden on taxpayers.
Concept and Importance of DTAA
DTAA prevents a taxpayer from being taxed twice for the same income: once in the source country where the income originates, and again in the country of residence. India has entered into DTAA agreements with over 90
- What is a slump sale? Explain the various provisions relating to slump sale with an example? Further, explain the difference between slump sale and a demerger?
Ans 3.
Slump Sale – Meaning and Provisions
A slump sale is a transaction where a business undertaking is transferred as a going concern for a lump sum consideration without assigning individual values to the assets and liabilities. This concept is covered under Section 2(42C) of the Indian Income Tax Act. It plays a critical role in restructuring businesses, mergers, and acquisitions by simplifying the transfer of undertakings.
Meaning and Key Features
A slump sale involves the transfer of an entire business undertaking, including assets, liabilities, rights, and obligations, without
Assignment Set – 2
- Explain the concept of input tax credit in GST Act in detail with examples
Ans 1.
Input Tax Credit (ITC) in GST Act
The Input Tax Credit (ITC) is a cornerstone of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) framework, allowing taxpayers to offset the taxes paid on inputs against their output tax liabilities. ITC reduces the cascading effect of taxes and enhances transparency and efficiency in the tax system.
Concept of ITC
Under the GST regime, a registered taxpayer can
- Explain the concept of transfer pricing and its importance. What are the different methods used for calculating the arm’s length price? Which is the popularly used method and why?
Ans 2.
Transfer Pricing and Its Importance
Transfer pricing refers to the pricing of goods, services, and intangibles transferred between associated enterprises, both domestically and internationally. The concept is governed by specific regulations to ensure that such transactions reflect fair market values and do not result in tax evasion.
Concept of Transfer Pricing
Transfer pricing is significant in transactions involving multinational enterprises (MNEs), as they often engage in inter-company transactions across borders. For instance, a parent company in one country may sell goods to its subsidiary in another country at a predetermined price. To ensure that such
- What are the procedures to be followed by a startup to claim the deduction under income tax Act? Further, explain the provisions under Chapter VIA which provides deduction for a startup Company in India?
Ans 3.
Tax Deduction Procedures for Startups under Income Tax Act
Startups play a vital role in driving innovation and economic growth. Recognizing their importance, the Indian government provides various tax deductions and benefits under the Income Tax Act to support their growth. These provisions encourage entrepreneurship while addressing the unique challenges
| SESSION | JUL-AUG ‘24 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | III |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DFIN304 INTERNAL AUDIT AND CONTROL |
Assignment Set – 1
- Discuss COSO ERM framework along with its various components.
Ans 1.
Introduction to COSO ERM Framework
The COSO Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Framework is a widely recognized model developed by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). It serves as a robust guideline for organizations to identify, assess, manage, and monitor risks to achieve their strategic objectives effectively. ERM integrates risk management into the core functions of an organization, offering a structured approach to managing uncertainties in an increasingly complex business environment.
Components of COSO ERM Framework
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2a. Elaborate on the steps involved in the Statistical sampling process.
- Discuss the components of Risk Assessment
Ans 2.
Introduction to Statistical Sampling and Risk Assessment
Statistical sampling and risk assessment are essential components of internal auditing. Statistical sampling involves selecting a representative subset of a population to draw conclusions about the whole. Risk assessment, on the other hand, focuses on identifying and evaluating risks that could hinder an organization’s objectives.
Steps in the Statistical Sampling Process
Define Objectives The first step
- What are the types of Internal Control? Narrate the limitations of Internal control system.
Ans 3:
Types and Limitations of Internal Control
Internal control refers to the systems, policies, and procedures implemented by an organization to safeguard its assets, enhance the reliability of financial reporting, and ensure compliance with laws and regulations. While internal control systems are indispensable for achieving organizational objectives, they are not without limitations.
Types of Internal Control
Preventive Controls These controls are designed to deter errors or irregularities before they occur. Examples include
Assignment Set – 2
- Explain finance and accounts audit procedure.
Ans 4.
Introduction to Finance and Accounts Audit
A finance and accounts audit examines an organization’s financial records to ensure accuracy, compliance with regulatory standards, and adherence to accounting principles. It is an integral part of governance that enhances transparency and trust among stakeholders.
Audit Procedure for Finance and Accounts
Planning the Audit Auditors begin by understanding the organization’s financial processes, identifying key areas of risk, and
- What is Internal control data analytics? Explain the four phased approach to Internal control data analytics.
Ans 5.
Internal control data analytics is the process of using advanced data analysis techniques to strengthen an organization’s internal control systems. It involves leveraging data-driven insights to identify risks, monitor compliance, and enhance decision-making. By applying analytics, organizations can transition from traditional control measures to a proactive approach, ensuring accuracy and
- What are the qualities and elements of a good Audit report? What are the various points to consider while drafting a report?
Ans 6.
An audit report is a critical document that communicates the findings of an audit to stakeholders. Its purpose is to provide an objective evaluation of an organization’s financial and operational processes, ensuring transparency, accountability, and compliance. A good audit report not only highlights issues but also offers constructive recommendations for improvement.
Qualities of a Good Audit
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | III |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DHRM301 MANPOWER PLANNING AND SOURCING |
Assignment Set – 1
- Describe the 5 steps in manpower planning and throw some light on the obstacles faced in manpower planning.
Ans 1.
Steps in Manpower Planning and Obstacles Faced
Manpower planning, often referred to as human resource planning, is a critical process for ensuring that an organization has the right number and types of employees to meet its strategic objectives. The process involves systematic forecasting, analysis, and implementation to match the workforce with organizational needs. The five essential steps in manpower planning are as follows:
- Analyzing Organizational Goals The first step is to understand the strategic goals and objectives of the organization. This involves
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- Explain the methods of Human Resource Accounting (HRA) and discuss its significance for organizations.
Ans 2.
Methods of Human Resource Accounting and Its Significance
Human Resource Accounting (HRA) is a method of measuring the value of an organization’s human resources. It provides a framework for understanding the cost and value associated with recruiting, training, and retaining employees. The primary objective of HRA is to quantify the economic value of human resources to the organization, enhancing decision-making processes. There are several methods used for HRA, each with its own approach to valuing human resources.
Methods of Human Resource Accounting
- Historical
- Discuss the different types of selection tests used in the hiring process and their importance in candidate selection.
Ans 3.
Types of Selection Tests and Their Importance in Candidate Selection
Selection tests are an essential part of the hiring process, designed to evaluate candidates’ skills, knowledge, abilities, and personality traits. These tests provide objective data to help employers determine whether a candidate is suitable for a particular role. The different types of selection
Assignment Set – 2
- Explain the train-to-hire process and discuss the benefits and challenges of partnering with educational institutions for talent acquisition. Throw some light on the role of Human Resource Information in Manpower Planning and Sourcing.
Ans 4.
Train-to-Hire Process
The train-to-hire process is a talent acquisition strategy where organizations collaborate with educational institutions to train potential candidates in job-specific skills before offering them employment. This approach bridges the gap between academic learning and industry requirements, ensuring that candidates are well-prepared to contribute effectively from day one.
The process typically involves the following
5 Write Short notes on:
- Competency Mapping
- E-recruitment
Ans 5
a.Competency Mapping
Competency mapping is the process of identifying and defining the specific skills, knowledge, behaviors, and attributes required for a job or role within an organization. It is a systematic approach to understand what competencies employees must possess to perform their tasks effectively. Competency mapping focuses on aligning individual capabilities with organizational goals, ensuring that
- What are the various reasons behind Employee “Turnover”. Explain State the relevance of Talent Engagement and Career Management in Manpower Planning. 3+7
Ans 6.
Reasons Behind Employee Turnover
Employee turnover refers to the rate at which employees leave an organization, either voluntarily or involuntarily. High turnover can disrupt operations, increase recruitment costs, and affect morale. The primary reasons behind employee turnover include:
- Job Dissatisfaction: Employees who feel undervalued, underpaid, or unfulfilled in their roles are more likely to seek opportunities elsewhere.
- Lack of Career
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | III |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DHRM302 MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
- Describe the steps in OD process.
Ans 1.
Steps in the OD Process
Organizational Development (OD) is a systematic approach aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of an organization by aligning its structures, processes, culture, and people. The OD process comprises a series of steps designed to diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate changes within an organization. The steps include:
- Problem Identification and Diagnosis The OD process begins with recognizing the need for improvement. This step involves identifying specific challenges or opportunities in the organization. Issues such as low employee morale, declining productivity, or ineffective communication systems are common triggers
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- Discuss the strategies to manage change with examples.
Ans 2.
Strategies to Manage Change
Managing change effectively is crucial for organizations to adapt to evolving environments, technological advancements, and market demands. Change management strategies involve thoughtful planning, communication, and execution to minimize resistance and ensure smooth transitions. Below are some strategies to manage change, along with relevant examples:
- Clear Communication Transparent and consistent communication is the cornerstone of successful change
- Explain Lewin’s model of Organisational Change.
Ans 3.
Lewin’s Model of Organizational Change
Kurt Lewin’s model of organizational change is one of the most widely recognized frameworks for understanding and managing change within organizations. The model is simple, intuitive, and based on the premise that organizational change involves altering the balance between forces driving change and forces resisting it. Lewin proposed a three-step process: Unfreeze, Change, and Refreeze. Each stage
Assignment Set – 2
- Discuss the factors influencing ethical judgements.
Ans 4.
Factors Influencing Ethical Judgments
Ethical judgments refer to decisions made by individuals or organizations about what is right, wrong, fair, or unfair. These judgments are influenced by various factors, including personal values, cultural norms, organizational practices, and situational contexts. Understanding these factors is essential for promoting ethical behavior in both personal and professional settings.
- Individual Factors
Personal Values and Beliefs: Ethical
- Legal and Regulatory Environment
Compliance Requirements: Laws and regulations establish a baseline for ethical behavior. Adherence to these standards influences judgments, as legal non-compliance can result in severe penalties.
Industry Standards: Ethical norms within an industry shape the behavior of organizations and individuals. For instance, the medical profession adheres to strict ethical guidelines to ensure patient safety and confidentiality.
Ethical judgments are shaped by a complex interplay of personal, cultural, organizational, and situational factors. Promoting ethical behavior requires a holistic approach, including fostering a strong ethical culture, providing clear guidelines, and encouraging open dialogue about ethical dilemmas. By understanding and addressing these influencing factors, individuals and organizations can make more responsible and fair decisions.
- Discuss the different types of qualitative evaluation methods available to managers.
Ans 5.
Types of Qualitative Evaluation Methods Available to Managers
Qualitative evaluation methods provide managers with in-depth insights into the subjective aspects of organizational processes, employee behaviors, and stakeholder perceptions. These methods rely on non-numerical data, focusing on understanding the “why” and “how” behind outcomes. Managers use these methods to explore complex issues, generate innovative solutions, and
- Explain the types of techno-structural interventions with the help of suitable examples.
Ans 6.
Types of Techno-Structural Interventions
Techno-structural interventions are a category of organizational development (OD) interventions aimed at improving organizational effectiveness through changes in technology and structure. These interventions focus on aligning technical systems (processes, tools, and technologies) with structural elements (hierarchies, roles, and workflows) to enhance efficiency, adaptability, and innovation.
| SESSION | JUL-AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | III |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DHRM303 EMPLOYEE RELATIONS MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
- What is ERM? Explain the New challenges for ERM in the modern workplace
Ans 1.
Employee Relations Management (ERM) refers to the strategic management of relationships between employers and employees to ensure harmonious interactions within the organization. It focuses on maintaining positive communication, resolving workplace conflicts, fostering a supportive work environment, and ensuring compliance with labor laws and ethical standards. ERM is essential for creating a productive workplace where employees feel valued, motivated, and engaged.
In today’s dynamic business landscape, ERM has evolved significantly to adapt to changing workforce expectations,
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- What do you mean by Employee Engagement? Explain the factors affecting Employee Engagement in detail.
Ans 2.
Employee Engagement refers to the emotional commitment and enthusiasm employees demonstrate toward their organization and its goals. Engaged employees are more productive, motivated, and likely to contribute positively to the workplace. Unlike mere job satisfaction, engagement goes beyond basic fulfillment, encompassing a sense of purpose, loyalty, and alignment with organizational values.
Engagement is not a one-size-fits-all concept; it varies based on individual employee needs, organizational culture, and
- Write short notes on the following:
- Common Disciplinary Procedures
- Grievance Redressal Procedure within an Organisation
Ans 3
- Common Disciplinary Procedures
Disciplinary procedures are structured processes used by organizations to address employee misconduct, ensure adherence to workplace rules, and promote a fair and consistent approach to handling issues. These procedures serve as a framework for resolving conflicts while maintaining professionalism and legal compliance. Organizations implement disciplinary measures to uphold workplace ethics, protect organizational integrity, and reinforce a culture of accountability. The
- What do you mean by employee rewards? Explain the need of employee rewards in detail.
Ans 4.
Introduction to Employee Rewards
Employee rewards refer to the benefits, incentives, or recognition given to employees in exchange for their contributions to the organization. These rewards can be monetary or non-monetary, individual or team-based, and aim to motivate employees, enhance job satisfaction, and encourage loyalty. Reward systems are integral to human resource strategies, aligning employee efforts with organizational goals and fostering a culture of appreciation.
Types of Employee Rewards
- Monetary Rewards: These
Assignment Set – 2
- Write short notes on the following:
- a) Employee Wellness Plan
- b) Collective Bargaining
Ans 5.
- Employee Wellness Plan
An Employee Wellness Plan is a strategic initiative designed to promote the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of employees within an organization. These plans aim to create a healthier workforce, reduce absenteeism, and enhance productivity by addressing various aspects of employee health and lifestyle. Wellness plans often include programs, resources, and policies that encourage healthy behaviors and provide support for managing health-related challenges.
A comprehensive wellness plan typically involves health screenings, fitness programs, mental health support, and educational workshops on topics such as nutrition, stress management, and work-life balance.
- What do you mean by Trade Union? Explain the reasons for joining Trade Union.
Ans 6.
- Trade Union
A Trade Union is an organized group of workers formed to protect and promote their collective interests, particularly in relation to employment conditions. Trade unions serve as a bridge between employees and employers, advocating for fair treatment, equitable compensation, and improved working conditions. These unions aim to empower workers by providing a platform to voice their concerns and negotiate collectively with employers.
The primary
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | III |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DHRM304 HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT |
Assignment Set – 1
- Describe recruiting? Explain different types of interviews.
Ans 1.
Recruiting refers to the process of identifying, attracting, interviewing, selecting, and onboarding employees to fill a specific role within an organization. It is one of the most critical functions of human resource management because hiring the right talent directly impacts the organization’s performance and productivity. Recruitment involves various stages such as understanding the job requirements, attracting candidates through advertisements or other means, screening
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- Explain various human resource development systems.
Ans 2.
Human Resource Development (HRD) systems are frameworks designed to help organizations enhance the skills, knowledge, and capabilities of their employees. HRD focuses on improving employee performance, fostering growth, and aligning individual goals with organizational objectives. A well-structured HRD system is essential for building a motivated and competent workforce, thereby ensuring the long-term success of the organization.
Key HRD systems include:
Training and
- Explain the main objectives of human resource planning in an organization.
Ans 3.
Human Resource Planning (HRP) is the process of forecasting an organization’s future human resource needs and developing strategies to meet those needs. HRP is essential for ensuring that the organization has the right number of employees with the required skills to achieve its objectives. It is a strategic function that aligns workforce planning with the overall goals of the organization.
The main objectives of HRP include:
Ensuring Adequate Staffing: One of the primary objectives of HRP is to ensure that the organization has the right number of employees in the right positions. This involves identifying current and future workforce
Assignment Set – 2
- Write a short note on the effectiveness of Human Resource Development Audit as an intervention.
Ans 4.
Effectiveness of Human Resource Development Audit as an Intervention
Human Resource Development (HRD) Audit is a systematic examination of HR practices, policies, and systems to evaluate their effectiveness in meeting organizational objectives. As an intervention, HRD audits are a powerful tool for assessing whether the human resource systems are aligned with the strategic goals of the organization. The effectiveness of an HRD audit lies in its ability to identify gaps, recommend improvements, and enhance overall organizational performance
- What are the main reasons behind human resource valuation?
Ans 5.
Main Reasons Behind Human Resource Valuation
Human Resource Valuation (HRV) refers to the process of assessing the monetary value of an organization’s human resources. It involves quantifying the economic contribution of employees to the organization and recognizing their value as critical assets. Several reasons underline the importance of HR valuation in today’s business
- Explain the term employee handbook. Also, discuss various types of pre- employment testing involved in hiring process.
Ans 6.
Employee Handbook and Types of Pre-Employment Testing
An employee handbook is a comprehensive document that outlines an organization’s policies, procedures, expectations, and workplace culture. It serves as a guide for employees, providing clarity on their roles, responsibilities, and rights within the organization. Typically, the handbook includes information on topics such as workplace conduct, benefits, leave policies, performance evaluations, and disciplinary procedures.
The employee handbook is essential for fostering a positive work environment and ensuring compliance
| SESSION | JULY-AUGUST 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | 3 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | ADVANCED PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT (DOMS301) |
Assignment Set – 1
- What are the key functions and responsibilities of operations managers, and how are they adapting to emerging business trends in Operations Management?
Ans 1.
Introduction
Operations managers play a central role in ensuring the seamless functioning of an organization. Their responsibilities encompass planning, coordinating, and supervising processes that transform inputs into finished goods or services. This involves managing resources, streamlining workflows, and aligning operational activities with the strategic objectives of the organization. At the core of their role is the responsibility to ensure efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and quality
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- How does Porter’s value chain model link operations with marketing, and what role do the six P’s of operations mix play in managing the product life cycle?
Ans 2.
Porter’s Value Chain Model is a strategic framework that identifies and analyzes the key activities within an organization that add value to its products or services. This model links operations with marketing by highlighting how internal processes contribute to delivering value to customers and achieving a competitive advantage. Additionally, the six P’s of the operations mix—product, process, place, people, productivity, and performance—play a crucial role in effectively
- Explain the concept of Break-Even Analysis in Operations Cost Management and discuss the factors that influence operations costs.
Ans 3.
Break-even analysis is a fundamental tool in operations cost management that helps organizations determine the level of sales or production required to cover their costs. It identifies the point at which total revenues equal total costs, resulting in neither profit nor loss. This analytical method provides valuable insights into pricing, cost control, and profit planning, making it indispensable for operational decision-making.
Concept of Break-Even Analysis
Break-even analysis
Assignment Set – 2
- What are the key principles in designing integrated material handling systems, and why is an efficient layout crucial for effective material handling?
Ans 4.
Material handling involves the movement, storage, control, and protection of goods and materials throughout manufacturing, distribution, and warehousing. Designing integrated material handling systems ensures that these processes are efficient, cost-effective, and aligned with organizational goals. An efficient layout is essential as it directly impacts workflow, safety, productivity, and overall operational performance.
Key Principles in Designing Integrated Material Handling Systems
- Minimization of
- Define “Lean Operations” and explain how time-based competitiveness, design for manufacture, and simultaneous engineering contribute to operational efficiency.
Ans 5.
Lean operations aim to maximize customer value while minimizing waste. Originating from the Toyota Production System, lean principles focus on reducing inefficiencies, enhancing quality, and improving responsiveness. Key strategies that contribute to operational efficiency in lean systems include time-based competitiveness, design for manufacture (DFM), and simultaneous
- What is Statistical Quality Control, and how do descriptive statistics and probability distribution play a role in ensuring product quality?
Ans 6.
Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is a methodical approach that applies statistical techniques to monitor, control, and improve product quality. By leveraging data analysis, SQC identifies variations in processes and ensures that products meet specified standards. This approach is vital in maintaining consistency, minimizing defects, and enhancing customer satisfaction. Descriptive statistics and probability distributions are integral to SQC, offering tools to analyze and predict quality
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | 3 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DOMS302 ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING |
Assignment Set – 1
- What is Enterprise. Explain the importance of ERP and Enterprise.
Ans 1.
Enterprise
An enterprise is a formal organization that operates with a defined structure, processes, and objectives to achieve specific goals, often in a business or commercial context. Enterprises can vary in size, scale, and industry, ranging from small startups to multinational corporations. They are characterized by their ability to manage resources effectively, adapt to changing market conditions, and strive for long-term sustainability and profitability. Enterprises typically consist of multiple departments, including finance, marketing, human resources, operations, and IT, working collaboratively to achieve common objectives.
In today’s highly competitive
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- Write short note on following:
- ERP and Supply Chain Management.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Supply Chain Management (SCM) are interrelated systems that play a crucial role in ensuring efficient and seamless operations within an organization. SCM focuses on the management of the flow of goods, information, and finances across the supply chain, from raw materials to the final product delivered to customers. ERP systems enhance this process by providing a unified platform to integrate and streamline all supply chain activities.
ERP systems support SCM by
Bottom of Form
- Write notes on the following:
- Advantage of ERP in CRM.
- Reasons of failure of ERP
Ans 3.
- Advantages of ERP in CRM
Integrating Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) with Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems provides numerous benefits that enhance both customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. One of the key advantages is the centralization of customer data. By merging ERP and CRM, organizations gain a unified platform where information such as order history, preferences, and
Assignment Set – 2
- Explain in detail the implementation lifecycle. 10
Implementation Lifecycle of ERP
The implementation lifecycle of an ERP system involves a structured series of phases aimed at ensuring the successful adoption and integration of the ERP solution within an organization. This lifecycle is critical for achieving desired objectives and minimizing disruptions during implementation. The following are the key stages of the ERP implementation lifecycle:
- Project Initiation and Planning
- Write a detail note on:
- Role of ERP Consultants
ERP consultants play a vital role in the successful implementation, optimization, and management of ERP systems. They serve as the bridge between the organization and the ERP solution, ensuring that the system aligns with business objectives. Their primary role begins with assessing an organization’s requirements by conducting a detailed analysis of current processes and identifying inefficiencies
- Write notes on the following:
- Benefits of ERP
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems provide a centralized platform to streamline and integrate various business functions, offering significant benefits to organizations. One of the primary advantages is enhanced efficiency. By automating routine tasks and standardizing processes, ERP reduces manual effort and errors, allowing employees to focus on strategic activities. Improved data accuracy is another key benefit, as ERP consolidates data from different departments into a single source, ensuring real-time updates and reliable reporting.
ERP systems also facilitate
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | 3 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DOMS303 LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT |
Assignment Set – 1
- Explain the meaning of supply chain and supply chain management. Also explain the various parties that are involve in a supply chain.
Ans 1.
Supply Chain and Supply Chain Management
Meaning of Supply Chain
A supply chain refers to the interconnected network of organizations, activities, resources, and technologies involved in the production and distribution of a product or service. It encompasses every stage from sourcing raw materials to delivering the final product to the end customer. The primary goal of a supply chain is to ensure the seamless flow of goods, services, information, and finances to meet consumer demands efficiently.
Meaning of Supply Chain Management
Supply chain management (SCM) is
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- “Logistics is an integrated part of supply chain”, explain. Differentiate between domestic and international logistics.
Ans 2.
Meaning of Logistics in Supply Chain
Logistics refers to the detailed planning, implementation, and management of the movement and storage of goods, services, and information from the point of origin to the point of consumption. It includes activities such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, packaging, and order processing.
As an integrated part of the supply chain,
- Write a note on CPFR. 10
Ans 3.
Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR) is a strategic framework designed to enhance supply chain efficiency by fostering collaboration among trading partners. It emphasizes joint planning, demand forecasting, and inventory replenishment to align supply chain processes and improve overall performance. By sharing data and coordinating activities, CPFR
Assignment Set – 2
4 Explain the different ways for conducting assessments of the Supply Chain Management process. 10
Ans 4.
Assessing the supply chain management (SCM) process is crucial for identifying inefficiencies, improving performance, and achieving organizational goals. Various methods provide insights into different aspects of the supply chain to ensure it operates efficiently and aligns with business objectives.
One key approach is performance metrics analysis, which involves tracking key performance indicators (KPIs) such as on-time delivery
- Explain the role of Information Systems in the supply chain
Ans 5.
Role of Information Systems in the Supply Chain
Information systems (IS) play a crucial role in modern supply chain management (SCM) by integrating and streamlining processes, enhancing visibility, and enabling data-driven decision-making. These systems facilitate the smooth flow of information across the supply chain, connecting all
- Explain concept, need for and importance of Reverse Supply Chain Management (RSCM).
Ans 6.
Concept of Reverse Supply Chain Management (RSCM):
Reverse Supply Chain Management (RSCM) refers to the process of managing the flow of goods from the end consumer back to the manufacturer or supplier. Unlike traditional supply chains that focus on moving products forward, RSCM deals with returns, recycling, refurbishing, and disposal of products. It encompasses activities like collecting used products, inspecting their condition, and determining their disposition—whether to reuse, repair, recycle, or
| SESSION | JUL – AUG 2024 |
| PROGRAM | MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) |
| SEMESTER | 3 |
| COURSE CODE & NAME | DOMS304 APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH |
Assignment Set – 1
- A factory manufactures two products A and B. To manufacture one unit of A, 10 machine hours and 15 labour hours are required. To manufacture product B, 20 machine hours and 15 labour hours are required. In a month, 400 machine hours and 300 labour hours are available. Profit per unit for A is Rs. 75 and for B is Rs. 50. Formulate as LPP.
Ans 1.
Formulating the Linear Programming Problem (LPP)
In this scenario, a factory manufactures two products, A and B, using limited resources: machine hours and labor hours. The aim is to determine the optimal production quantities of these products to maximize profit while staying within the resource constraints. This problem can be formulated as a Linear Programming Problem (LPP) as follows:
Decision Variables
To represent the quantities of the two products, we define:
- : Number of units of product A to be produced.
- : Number of units of
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- Find solution using Simplex method
MAX Z = 3×1 + 5×2 + 4×3
subject to
2×1 + 3×2 <= 8
2×2 + 5×3 <= 10
3×1 + 2×2 + 4×3 <= 15
and x1,x2,x3 >= 0
Ans 2.
Problem is
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| subject to | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| and x1,x2,x3≥0; |
The problem is converted to canonical form by adding slack, surplus and artificial variables as appropiate
1. As the constraint-1 is of type ‘≤’ we should add slack variable S1
2. As the constraint-2 is of type ‘≤’ we should add slack variable S2
3. As the constraint-3 is of type ‘≤’ we
- Solve the following LPP graphically
Max Z = 4x + 5y
Subject to
x + y ≤ 20
3x + 4y ≤ 72
x, y ≥ 0
Ans 3.
Problem is
|
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| subject to | ||||||||||||||||
|
Assignment Set – 2
- Obtain an optimum solution to the following transportation problem
| Factory | Warehouse | Capacity | |||
| W1 | W2 | W3 | W4 | ||
| F1 | 19 | 30 | 50 | 10 | 7 |
| F2 | 70 | 30 | 40 | 60 | 9 |
| F3 | 40 | 8 | 70 | 20 | 18 |
| Requirements | 5 | 8 | 7 | 14 | |
Ans 4.
Step-by-Step Solution to the Transportation Problem
Problem Data:
| Factory | Warehouse W1 | Warehouse W2 | Warehouse W3 | Warehouse W4 | Capacity |
| F1 | 19 | 30 | 50 | 10 | 7 |
| F2 | 70 | 30 | 40 | 60 | 9 |
| F3 | 40 | 8 | 70 | 20 | 18 |
- Consider the problem of assigning five jobs to five persons. The assignment costs are given as follows. Determine the optimum assignment schedule.
| Job | |||||
| Person | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| A | 8 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
| B | 0 | 9 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| C | 3 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 6 |
| D | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| E | 9 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 5 |
Ans 5.
Problem: Assignment of Jobs to Persons
The task involves assigning five jobs to five persons such that the total assignment cost is minimized. The cost matrix is given as:
| Job 1 | Job 2 | Job 3 | Job 4 | Job 5 | |
| A | 8 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 1 |
| B | 0 | 9 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| C | 3 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 6 |
- Discuss the applications of Integer programming.
Ans 6.
Applications of Integer Programming
Integer Programming (IP) is a specialized field within optimization that focuses on problems requiring decision variables to take integer values. It is widely applied in various industries and sectors due to its ability to address real-world problems where solutions must be discrete, such as scheduling, allocation, and resource optimization. Below are key applications of Integer Programming,