Category: ALL

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DMBA206 – PROJECT MANAGEMENT

FEB/MARCH 2022

Assignment Set – 1 Questions

1. Write down the principles of project management.

Ans: Every project takes place in its own specific context. It brings together a group of people as a project team and gives responsibilities and roles to people. While every project is unique in its own way, there are certain basic principles which define project management in clearer terms. All these factors need to be Its Half solved only

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2. What is the application of the leadership style narrated by Daniel Goleman?

Ans: Daniel Goleman identified six distinct leadership styles. He found that leaders use six different leadership styles in various situations. Table 4.1 gives the summary of these styles, time to apply, and the demerits and its impact on the performance of people at work.

Daniel Goleman’s 2000

3. Explain all the factors affecting the risk analysis of any country.

Ans:

Category

Risk Factors

Assignment Set – 2 Questions

4. What is Project Management Information System (PMIS)? What are its uses?

Ans: Project Management Information System (PMIS) is the system tools and techniques used in project management to deliver information. Project managers use the techniques and tools to collect, combine, and distribute

5. Write down the types of project performance evaluation techniques.

Ans: Performance evaluation is an important tool for the assessment of a system or service according to the measurements specified. We can define it as the systematic process of assessment of effectiveness against predetermined norms, standards, or expressed goals. In management evaluation of any service, process or activity typically refers to “determining its worth”.

Evaluations of

6. Differentiate between CPM and PERT.

Ans:

• For projects considered uncertain, the PERT model was developed and for projects which are comparatively risk-free the CPM model was developed. Both the approaches start with the
•  

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DMBA205 – OPERATIONS RESEARCH

Assignment Set – 1

Questions

1. What is Operations Research? Explain the role of Operations Research in Decision Making.

Ans: Churchman, Aackoff, and Aruoff defined operations research as “the application of scientific methods, techniques and tools to the operation of a system with optimum solutions to the problems” where ‘optimum’ refers to the best possible alternative.

The objective of OR is to

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2. a) Solve the following linear programming problem using Two Phase Simplex Method:

Minimize Z = x 1 – 2x 2 – 3x 3

Subject to: -2x 1 + x 2 + 3x 3 = 2

2x 1 + 3x 2 + 4x 3 = 1

Where x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ≥ 0

Answer:

Solution:
Problem is

Min z = x1 – 2 x2 – 3 x3

subject to

b) Solve the following transportation problem using Matrix Minima Method? Also find the corresponding cost of transportation.

Warehouses
Factor y		W1	W2	W3	W4	Supply
Factor y	F1	21	16	25	13	21
Factor y	F2	17	18	14	23	23
Factor y	F3	32	17	28	41	19
Factor y	Demand	11	15	17	20

Ans: Let xij = no. of units of a product transported from ith factory (i = 1, 2, 3) to jth warehouse (j = 1, 2, 3, 4).

It should be noted that if in a particular solution the xij value is missing for a cell, this means that nothing

3. Five wagons are available at stations 1,2 3,4 and 5. These are required at five stations A, B, C, D and E. The distances in km between various stations are given in the table below. How should the wagons be transported to minimize the total distance travelled?

Stations (s)                         A      B         C         D        E

10	5	9	18	11
13	2	6	12	14
3	9	4	4	5
18	5	12	17	15
11	6	14	19	10

Ans: Find the matrix

Given:

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

4. a) Write any five differences between Critical Path Method [CPM] & Program Evaluation and Review Technique [PERT]

Ans:

PERT

• PERT – Project Evaluation and Review Technique
• PERT is a

b) Customers arrive at a sales counter managed by a single person according to a poisson process with a mean rate of 20 per hour. The time required to serve a customer has an exponential distribution with a mean of 100 seconds. Find the average waiting time of customer in queue and in system.

Ans: The average waiting time of a customer is 225 seconds.

Step-by-step explanation:

Given: Arrival

5. A project manager has obtained the following optimistic, pessimistic and most likely times, in weeks, relating to the various activities related to the construction of a power project:

Activit (y)	Optimistic time (in weeks)	Most likely time (in weeks)	Pessimistic time (in weeks)
1-2	6	9	18
1-3	5	8	17
2-4	4	7	22
2-5	4	7	10
3-4	4	7	16
3-5	2	5	8
4-5	4	10	22

i) Draw a PERT diagram and mark clearly the Critical Path

ii) Determine the expected project length?

iii) What is the probability that the project would be successfully completed in 32 weeks?

6. What is Principle of Dominance in Game Theory? Reduce the following game by dominance property and solve it:

1       2      3      4        5
I II III IV	1	3	2	7	4
3	4	1	5	6
6	5	7	6	5
2	0	6	3	1

Player B

Player A

Ans: The principle of dominance states that if one strategy of a player dominates over the other strategy in all conditions then the later strategy can be ignored. A strategy dominates over the other only if it is preferable over other in all conditions. The concept of dominance is especially useful for the

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DMBA204 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

FEB/MARCH 2022

Assignment Set – 1 Questions

1. Discuss the history of Computing.  

Ans: Computers or general purpose computing devices were invented in the middle of the 20th century, but the ideas they are based on evolved a century earlier. Charles Babbage, a renowned British mathematician, fi rst conceived the idea of a computing device in the 1820s when he was confronted with the problem of Its Half solved only

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2. What is IT interaction model? Explain.

Ans:  Managing IS in organisations is a highly challenging and complex task. One reason for this complexity is that neither organisations nor the IS they use remain static over time – both change continuously, and it is the job of

3. How Information Technology could be used for competing in market?

Ans: The combination of network externalities and positive feedback leads to tippy markets. A tippy market results when there are two or more products competing in the market, and in the eventual outcome only one survives. Each product is tippy in the sense that it could either succeed or fail, and with the effects

Q.No Assignment Set – 2 Questions

4. Discuss the properties of Information goods.

Ans: Properties of information goods Information goods have certain properties that make them distinct from physical goods. Information goods are typically expensive to produce but very cheap to reproduce. For example, the original cost of producing a music track by a professional band may run into

5. What are the facilities an organization could have from ‘Customer Relationship Management System’?

Ans: The origins of CRM lie in the sales force automation systems that grew with the rise of personal computing around the world in the 1980s. The systems would automate the processes of

6. Can you write brief outline on any two Business Intelligence techniques?

Ans: Analytics relies on a number of computational and statistical techniques that were developed in the field of artificial intelligence. When applied to business problems, these are known as business intelligence techniques. Brief descriptions of some business intelligence techniques are provided below to highlight the kind of problems that can be solved and the kind of data that is

Directorate of Online Education

SESSION              FEB/MARCH 2022

PROGRAM          MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

SEMESTER           II

COURSE CODE & NAME        DMBA203 – MARKETING MANAGEMENT

Set – I

Q 1. Explain the various Marketing Orientations and Concepts.

Ans 1.

A marketing manager must formulate strategies that can build profitable relationships with the target consumers. Things are continuously changing in terms of business and social changes, customer-related changes, and changes in manufacturing and marketing organisations. Therefore, the organisations should select their marketing orientation considering these factors. The various marketing orientations that exist help in understanding how the marketing Its Half solved only

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Q 2. What is Marketing Information Systems? Write down the characteristics of MIS. 5+5    

Ans 2.

Marketing Information Systems: The importance of marketing information is particularly evident as the economy continues to accentuate services as a primary source of value.

Services depend on information to a great extent. Information is speedily becoming a service in its own right. Mass customisation, often depicted as “one-to-one” marketing or the customising of products and services for individual customers, is heavily dependent on comprehensive and timely

Q 3. Determine various Buying Motives. Also explain the influences of these motives on the consumer purchase process

Ans:

Buying Motives: To begin with, let us understand the different motives that consumers pursue while initiating their decision process. Consumers have different kinds of needs and they do not pursue all their needs at all points of time. Whenever a need gets a direction or goal and all the energies of consumer are targeted towards achieving the goal, it takes the shape of a buying motive. The important types of buying motives are as follows:

Set – II

Q 4. How do you define Brand Equity? Also elaborate its Components.           

Ans:

Brand Equity     

Brand equity is the added value that the consumer assigns to the products and services. It is an arrangement of brand assets and liabilities linked to a brand, its name, and symbol that put in or subtract the value provided by a product or service to an organisation and/or to that organisation’s

Q 5. Demonstrate the various types of Advertisement    

Ans:

Types of advertisements:

Advertising can be classified into various forms as mentioned below.

Brand advertising – This is the most popular form of advertising. All possible media including television is flooded with brand advertising. Brands like Surf Excel, Pepsi, and Coke in India are shown more frequently on Indian televisions.

National advertising –

Q 6. Describe the various International Market Entry Strategies.

Ans:

International Market Entry Strategies: There are two methods to entry into foreign markets. They are indirect exporting and direct exporting. In the first method, the manufacturers take the help of merchant exporters to get products exported to foreign markets. Indirect exporting, the manufacturers decide to export themselves. Thus, the manufacturers have to decide, whether they will go directly for exports or take the help of merchant exporters who are very often recognized as export houses, trading houses, etc. Some government

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DMBA202 & FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

1. a) “A rational human being has time preference for money” Give reasons.

Ans: The time preference for money is generally expressed by an interest rate which remains positive even in the absence of any risk. It is called the riskfree rate.

1) Risk: There is Its Half solved only

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b) Differentiate between compounding and discounting technique of time value of money.

Ans:

BASIS FOR COMPARISON

COMPOUNDING

DISCOUNTING

2. Cost of various types of capital of Radha Ltd. is given below along with weight and cost of capital.

Sources of Funds	Amount (Rs.)	Proportion (W) in total capital structure	Cost of Capital (k)
Debts	240000	30%	5.68
Preference share capital	80000	10%	9.33
Equity Share capital	400000	50%	13.30
Cost of retained earnings	80000	10%	13.00

Compute weighted average cost of Capital as per:

1. Book value proportion.                                  

2. What would be WACC in your opinion if company wants to change WACC approach from book value to market value? In market value the price of Equity share is Rs.250 per share instead of Rs.100 in book value.

Answer:

3. Write short notes on (any two)

1. NI approach of Capital structure

Ans: Net Income (NI) approach is suggested by Durand. He is of the view that capital structure decision is relevant to the valuation of the firm. Any change in the financial leverage will have a corresponding change in the overall cost of capital and also the total value of the firm. As the ratio of

3. Modigliani and Miller approach of Capital structure

Answer:

Miller and Modigliani criticise traditional approach that the cost of equity remains unaffected by leverage up to a reasonable limit and K0 remains constant at all degrees of leverage. They state that the relationship between leverage and cost of capital is elucidated as in NOI approach. Table  depicts the

Q. No Assignment Set – 2

4. a. Elucidate the factors leading to Capital rationing.

Ans: The various factors related to the internal constraints imposed by the management are: Private owned company

b. Explain in brief the phases of operating cycle.

Ans:

5. “Efficient cash Management will aim at maximising the cash inflows and slowing cash outflows.” Discuss Identify the motives for holding cash by an organization.

Ans: The main motives behind holding cash are:

• Transaction motive
• Precautionary motive
• Speculative motive
• Compensating motive

These are

6. Solve and suggest which of the two projects should be accepted assuming a discount rate of 10% based on net present value of the two projects.

Detail	Project X	Project Y
Initial Investment	Rs.20000	Rs.30000
Estimated Life	5 Years	5 Years
Scrap Value	Rs.1000	Rs.2000

The net cash flows are as follows:

	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3	Year 4	Year 5
Project X	5000	10000	10000	3000	2000
Project Y	20000	10000	5000	3000	2000

The Discounted rate of return@10% is as follows:

	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3	Year 4	Year 5
PV@10% Discount factor	0.909	0.826	0.751	0.683	0.621

Answer:

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DMBA201 – PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1 Questions

1. What is meant by productivity? Explain labour, capital, system, and personal productivity.

Ans: Production refers to the creation of goods and services for consumption by the society. Such creation typically involves converting inputs to desired outputs using different conversion or transformation processes. In fact, the first step is to decide upon the desired outputs and then to identify the inputs and the corresponding conversion processes. Production management encompasses all those activities

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2. Explain the importance of decision-making in organisation. What are the factors affecting decision-making?

Ans: The importance of decision-making in organisation:-

This decision would have been taken as a strategy to meet the increasing demands which are real in order to fulfil the following:

• Enter a niche market of the competitor
• Augment marketing department’s claim after a vigorous sales campaign
• Any other

3. How do you develop an operations strategy? Explain briefly the relationship that exists between corporate strategy, business strategy, and operations strategy.

Ans:

Assignment Set – 2 Questions

4. Explain the Nominal group testing method of forecasting along with the expert opinion method of forecasting.

Ans: Let us now discuss these qualitative methods in detail in forecasting

Market surveys

Conducting surveys among the prospective buyers or users is a very old method of forecasting. Here, a questionnaire is prepared and circulated among the people and their responses are obtained. The

5. What are the steps to be considered to set data in the logical order?

Ans:-

6. Explain in detail all the methods used to determine the most likely plant location.

Ans: Plant location: The selection of a place for locating a plant; here plant is the term used for the land, buildings, and equipment used in carrying on an industrial undertaking.

A plant location cannot be changed frequently since a large capital needs to be invested to build the plant and machinery in the selected area. Therefore, before selecting a plant location, a long range

Jan/Feb 2022

Assignment

DBB1101 – COMMUNICATION & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

Set – First

 

1. Elucidate the history and development of English language.

Ans. In the fifth and sixth centuries AD the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes invaded the British Isle, each speaking languages that could be mutually understood amongst themselves. This language is known today as Old English (500- 1100), which contained four dialects: west Saxon, Mercian, north Umbrian, and Kentish. Approximately half of all Modern English words are derived from Old English roots. Unlike Middle English, which can be deciphered by speakers of Modern English, Old English can no longer be understood without being extensively studied as a “foreign”

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2. Define sentence. Write all types of sentences with two examples each.

Ans: Sentence is the most popular definition of a sentence is that it is a meaningful collection of words. It can also be said that a sentence unit that is syntactically independent has a subject that is expressed.

You must have noticed that the words grouped together randomly have little meaning of their own, obviously unless it occurs accidentally. For example,

3. Discuss Adverbs with its types and its usage in English language.

Ans: An adverb is a word that tells us more about a verb. An adverb “qualifies” or “modifies” a verb. But adverbs can also modify adjectives, or even other adverbs. For example, The man ran quickly, Tara is really beautiful, It works very well, etc.

There are different places where you can put the adverb. On the basis of that, adverbs can be of following types:

• manner
• place
• time
• frequency
• degree Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of

Set- Second

4. What do you mean by Direct speech? How is it different from the indirect speech?

Ans: Direct Speech whenever words of a speaker are recorded/written exactly as they are spoken. Whenever you use direct speech in writing or speaking, the words spoken or written are put in inverted commas (“….”) and there is no change in these words. You may be reporting something that’s being said NOW (for example writing a letter), or telling someone later about an earlier conversation.

Example 1: Suresh said to his mother that he went to the market to buy potatoes, onions and tomatoes. His mother asked him how much money he had in his pocket and how much he spent on the vegetables. Suresh replied

5. Explain any two parts of speech with their types and usage in English.

Ans: Part of speech can be understood as a term for the categories into which words are classified according to their functions in sentences.

There are two types of speech:-

• Nouns
• Pronouns

Nouns

We all know that a

6. Discuss rules related to various forms of tenses.

Ans: In most of the competitive & government exams, tenses are one of the vital parts of the English section. Applicants can score perfectly if they are aware of the tenses rules & avoid mistakes. To memorize & understand the Tenses rules here is a tabulated representation.

 

Jan/Feb 2022

Assignment

DBB1102 – ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

Set- First

 

1. Explain Johari Window model.

Ans: The Johari Window is a communication model that can be used to improve understanding between individuals. The Johari Window model was devised by American psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham in 1955, while researching group dynamics at the University of California Los Angeles. The word “Johari” comes from the initial letters of Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham. The model was named as window for the purpose that we can see others clearly through the window, and others Its Half solved only

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2. Elucidate Maslow’s need hierarchy theory of motivation.

Ans. Abraham Harold Maslow in the year 1954 proposed the need Hierarchy theory of Motivation. This theory says that

1. a) Human behavior is influenced by their wants and desires.
2. b) Any unsatisfied need acts as a motivator.
3. c) Needs are hierarchical.
4. d) People can move from lower needs to upper needs.

Maslow identified five levels of needs which are the source of motivation.

These needs are

3. Define emotion, describe its characteristics. How does it differ from affect and moods? Explain by giving examples.

Ans: Emotions are defined as a complex pattern of arousal, subjective feeling and cognitive interpretation involving physiological and psychological reactions. They can also be explained as intense feelings that are directed at someone or something (object). Emotions are often confused with moods and affect. Affect is a broad concept and includes a wide range of feelings that we experience under normal and abnormal circumstances. They include emotions. Thus emotion is a component of affect. Moods, on the other hand, are feelings less powerful than emotions and are not directed

 

Set- Second

4. Define Motivation. Why is motivation important for an organization? Discuss intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

Ans. The term ‘motivation’ has its origin in the Latin word “mover” which means to “move”. Thus, motivation stands for movement. One can move people by incentives or threats which can have a limited effect. These work for a while and then need to be repeated, increased or reinforced to secure further movement.

The term motivation may be defined as “the managerial function of ascertaining the motives of subordinates and helping them to realize those motives”.

According to Dubin, motivation could be defined as “the complex of forces starting and keeping a person at work in an

 

5. How the organizations manage cultural diversity? Discuss some methods to be carried out by managers to manage cultural diversity efficiently.

Ans: The business leaders have to face a number of challenges due to increased diversity. Though not all problems occur due to cultural changes, there can be clashes due to different personalities, gender, competence, ability or other perceived factors. But we cannot even take the cultural aspect lightly as it proves to be a very sensitive issue. Hence, to manage the cultural diversities

Jan/Feb 2022

Assignment

DBB1103 – BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

Set- First

1 Define the term business environment. Briefly discuss the levels of the business environment.

Ans. An environment includes the air we breathe, the water we drink, the available business, social and educational infrastructure in the locality, state and country. It literally means the surroundings, external objects, influencing factors, or circumstances under which someone or something exists. In the context of business, the environment refers to the sum of internal and external forces operating on

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2 Explain the sources of Indian law.

Ans: The Indian laws spring from two groups of sources, primary and secondary. The Primary sources of Indian Law are:

1. Custom: Custom is the most ancient of all sources of law. In India, which is an ancient civilization, custom has always enjoyed an important place in the law of the land. It was more so in earlier times. Custom can be defined as the habitual course of conduct observed uniformly and voluntarily by the people

3 What is a capitalist economy? Explain the merits and demerits of a capitalist economy.

Ans: In this economic system the means of production and distribution are privately owned and production is guided largely through the operation of markets. The ideology of capitalism was expressed in Adam Smith’s “Wealth of Nations“(1776) and Smith’s free-market theories were widely accepted in the

 

 

Set- Second

4. List the objectives of Industrial Policy Resolution-1956.

Ans: In 1956, the earlier policy (1948 policy) was revised and a new Industrial Policy Resolution was announced. By 1956, the first five year plan was over and we had entered into the era of the second five year plan. Our

5. Define privatization. Explain different ways of achieving privatization.

Ans: Privatization refers to transfer of ownership of public sector enterprises from the government to the private sector. In a broader sense, it is the induction of private control and management in the public sector units. The process of privatization started first in the UK and the USA during 1980s. The UK, under the leadership of Mrs. Thatcher, became the supporter of privatization. It set in motion the programme of privatization of State run enterprises by transferring British Airways to private sector.

A number of public sector companies, including railways, oil, telecommunications, mining and bus services were sold off.

6 Define corporate social responsibility. Explain why corporate social responsibility matters to businesses?

Ans: Every business has to survive in society. To operate and grow in society, business organizations have to undertake certain social responsibilities which are termed as corporate social responsibility. Al though the subject ‘corporate social responsibility’ has gained popularity in recent years, its origin can be

Jan/Feb 2022

Assignment

DBB1104 – MARKETING MANAGEMENT

Set- First

1. Elaborate the steps undertaken in development of a brand.

Ans: The brand is the symbol of the product’s personality. It is developed though diligent market research and is based on the customer’s needs and wants. The various steps which are undertaken in the formation of a brand name and logo are as follows –

1. Selection of brand name

 

 

2. Define Product. Explain the diverse types of products offered by a company with examples.

Ans: The product concept was the marketing philosophy followed till 1930s. This concept operates on the principle that consumers favour those products that offer high quality and good performance. Good quality and performance of the product encourage consumers to pay more than what they actually pay under normal conditions. The management must therefore concentrate on the production of quality products with superior performance attributes, and improving

3. State the benefits of modern marketing concept. Enumerate how does the understanding of marketing concepts gives immense benefits to an organisation?

Ans:  Benefits of modern marketing concepts

1. Increased employment opportunities

As a business grows, thanks to acquiring customers based on professional services satisfying their needs, they will need to hire more employees to accommodate expanding

 

 

 

Set- Second

 

4. The consumers in a particular market can be segmented by employing several bases or variables. Explain these variables.

Ans: The consumers in a particular market can be segmented by employing several bases or variables. The marketing manager tries these variables in different permutations and combinations and chooses that variable which is suitable for a particular market segment. Let us now study the major variables used for segmenting markets –

1. Geographic Segmentation – In this type, customers are segmented based on the geography in which they reside,

5. Describe the crucial factors which have contributed to the growth of the services sector?

Ans: The major factors that led to the growth of service sectors in India are as follows;

1. High demand for services as final product: India was a virgin market for service sector. So, when service sector started booming due to business outsourcing from the developed countries to India, there was very high demand for these services especially for banking, computer service, advertisement and communication

6. Explain the steps followed in developing an integrated promotion mix.

Ans: Steps in Developing an Integrated promotion mix: An integrated marketing communication plan takes a look at all of the available communication options that are likely to reach and connect with a target audience and determines which methods, in what combination, will be most likely to achieve the desired

Jan/Feb 2022

Assignment

DBB1105 – COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Set- First

 

1. How would you define Computers? Explain the key characteristics of each generation of computers.

Ans: The term ‘computer’ is derived from the word ‘compute’, which means to calculate. A computer can be defined as an electronic device which processes the input (data) and displays the desired output. Computer is also used for storing data. In this unit you will be studying characteristics of computers and get to know the different classifications of computers. You will also study the different applications of computers. Further we will discuss the architecture of computer in which we can explain the different devices and will know different functions of those

 

2. Convert (372.34)8 to hexadecimal system number and (250.4375)10 to hexadecimal system number.

Ans: The number: 372.34₈ in Octal number system and want to translate it into Hexadecimal.
To do this, at first translate it to decimal here s :

372.34₈ = 3∙8²+7∙8¹+2∙8⁰+3∙8^-1+4∙8^-2 = 192+56+2+0.375+0.0625 = 250.4375₁₀

Happened: 250.4375₁₀

Converting 250.4375₁₀

 

3. What are the basic functions of MS Excel? Explain the steps to use slide master in a presentation.

Ans: Functions increase user productivity when working with excel. Let’s say you would like to get the grand total for the above home supplies budget. To make it simpler, you can use a formula to get the grand total. Using a formula, you would have to reference the cells E4 through to E8 one by one. You would have to use the following formula.

= E4 + E5 +

 

Set- Second

4. What are the various design strategies for Software System Design? Explain the four quality measures for building software products.

Ans: The various design strategies for Software System Design:-

 Bottom-up Strategy

This kind of system design strategy revolves around designing the subsystems and the lowest-level components (even sub-components) first. By designing these components first, the higher-level subsystems and larger components can then be built easily and more efficiently. This allows less time to be wasted in conducting recon and troubleshooting. The entire process of building the lower-level components into larger sets is continued till the entire system is one single component. This design strategy also facilitates the reusability of generic solutions and low-level

5. Enlist the main functions of the operating system? Describe various components of operating systems.

Ans: An operating system is a software component that acts as the core of a computer system. It performs various functions and is essentially the interface that connects your computer and its supported components.

In this section, we will discuss the basic functions of the operating system. Operating systems generally accomplish these goals by running processes in low privilege and providing service calls that invoke the operating system kernel in high-privilege state.

The main functions of an operating System are: Resource Management: The resource management

 

6. Discuss the TCP/IP protocol layers with the help of a diagram. Explain how the internet works.

Ans:

These layers include:

(i) Application layer: The application layer is provided by the program that uses TCP/IP for communication. An application is a user process cooperating with another process usually on a different host (there is also a benefit to application communication within a single host). Examples of applications include Telnet and the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). The interface between the application

Jan/feb 2022

ASSIGNMENT

DMBA101 – MANAGEMENT PROCESS AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

 

1. Visualize the concept of Planning along with various types of Planning.

Ans. Planning can be defined as a basic management function which enables one to select the purpose of the business, and how the resources should be mustered to achieve that purpose to include using the available resources optimally to do that. Planning implies goal setting for the organisation keeping in mind the constraints, opportunities, and threats as much as what the person or business which is planning wants to do. Thus, a plan is a blueprint for goal achievement, a blue print that Its Half solved only

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2. Define Organizing while having light on the importance of the concept.

Ans.  According to Chester Barnard, “Organizing is a function by which the concern is able to define the role positions, the jobs related and the coordination between authority and responsibility.

Organising is important for the following reasons:

Creates roles – Organising enables a business to create roles or in other words, it links a person to an activity with its own set of responsibility. Thus an activity and a person who must perform the activity are

3. Define Controlling along with prerequisites of Effective Control.

Ans. Controlling can be defined as measuring and correcting of performance to achieve the organisational goals. According to Brech, “Controlling is a systematic exercise which is called as a process of checking actual performance against the standards or plans with a view to ensure adequate progress and also recording such experience as is gained as a contribution to possible future needs. Though planning and controlling can be considered as two sides of a coin, it is possible for us to make a

 

4. Discuss the concept of Motivation? Explain Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory.

Ans: Motivation is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. It is what causes you to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge. Motivation involves the biological, emotional, social, and cognitive forces that activate behavior.

Motivation involves the biological, emotional, social, and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term “motivation” is frequently used to describe why a person does something. It is the

 

5. Discuss the concept of ‘Team’, also to discuss seventeen characteristics of an Effective Team.

Ans: A team can be defined as a group of people operating with complementary skills and a high degree of interdependence and accountability to achieve a common and usually difficult goal collectively with authority to execute and the rights to share rewards for the performance.

A team is any

6. Detail the concept of Leadership. Discuss Trait theory of Leadership in detail.

Ans: Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent. Leaders carry out this process by applying their leadership attributes, such as – beliefs, values, ethics, character, knowledge and skills.

Trait theory of Leadership:-

This means tha

Jan/feb 2022

ASSIGNMENT

DMBA102 – BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

 

1. Define grapevine. “Informal communication network is not just for idle rumors and may be useful in many ways.” Justify.

Ans. Grapevine is an informal communication network, which ignores formal channels of communication and spreads rumors and gossips at all levels of the business organization. Although every business-organization has its formal channels of communication, the informal channel of communication called grapevine also operates in it. It can be easily found that a large portion of the communication in almost every business house is not formal or pre-planned. The employees communicate through informal channels as they do their jobs. It is neither pre-planned nor deliberately motivated by the management. It is neither written nor documented or recorded. Therefore, it refers to any communication that takes place outside the prescribed and pre-planned channels of

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2. Explain the different delivery styles that speakers can select for their presentation.

Ans: The four most common delivery styles for public speaking include speaking from memory, speaking impromptu, speaking from a manuscript, and extemporaneous speaking. Before writing became a common practice, orators would memorize their speeches, sometimes for months, before presenting to an audience.

Memorized speaking requires delivery from memory still has its place in contemporary society, but the occasions for this type of speaking is usually reserved for introducing important persons, special events such as

3. Explain a circular and notice using an example for each.

Ans: Like memos, circulars and notices are also written forms of communication within the organisation. The basic difference between a circular and notice is that circulars are announcements that are distributed to small or selective groups of people within the organisation, whereas notices are meant for a larger group of people. Another way to differentiate a circular and notice is that circular are circulated to respective individuals, whereas notices are put up on notice boards. For example, if a manager wants to call a meeting of heads of departments, he will pass around a circular only to the heads,

4. What are some of the consequences of spelling and punctuation errors, redundancies, clichés, and misuse of words? How does general writing differ from business writing?

Ans: Errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation and typing can affect the business communication significantly. Any inconsistency in writing the message might lead to misunderstanding or miscommunication. Therefore, in business communication, clarity and concreteness of the message is very vital. You might lose your customer if you fail to communicate the information correctly and completely. At the same time, you must remember that general writing is very different from business writing in terms of tone, language and degree of formality of the communication.

In this stage, you

5. Explain the techniques that you can follow to write a report in a convincing manner, so that the reader accepts them as valid and reliable.

Ans: Reports must also be written in a convincing manner, so that the reader accepts them as valid and reliable. Some suggested techniques to achieve them are:

State the facts in an objective manner – Avoid using superlatives and emotional terms that introduce bias in the

 

6. What is a cover letter? Explain its components.

Ans: A job application letter is also known as a ’cover’ letter, is a letter sent along with the resume to emphasise or highlight the major points mentioned in the resume. A letter of application usually provides employer the detailed information on why you are qualified for the job that you are applying for. The job application letter is prepared after you prepare the resume. A resume by itself is incomplete, unless it is accompanied by a cover letter. The cover letter, like the resume, must be well written and presented, as it creates a first impression and can get you an interview. Cover letters must be written similar to sales letters, using all the techniques of persuasion. You have to sell yourself to a prospective employer, in the same way that you sell a product to a prospective customer. Cover letters can also be used to personalise your qualifications for a

Jan/feb 2022

ASSIGNMENT

DMBA103-STATISTICS FOR MANAGEMENT

1. Explain the various scale of measurements in detail.

Ans. Variables differ in how well they can be measured, that is, how much measurable information their measurement scale can provide. There is obviously some measurement error involved in every measurement,

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2. A manufacturing firm produces steel pipes in three plants with daily production volumes of 500, 1000 and 2000 units respectively. According to past experience, it is known that the fraction of defectives output produced by the three plants are respectively 0.005, 0.008 and 0.010. If a pipe is selected from a day’s total production and found to be defective, find out

 (a) from which plant the pipe comes

(b) what is the probability that it comes from fist plant?

 

3. Explain the following:

• Probability Sampling and Non-Probability Sampling • Systematic sampling and Cluster Sampling • Advantages of Probability Sampling over Non-probability Sampling • Census vs. sample • Primary and Secondary Data

 

Ans:

Systematic Sampling

Cluster Sampling

 

4. Explain the components of index numbers in detail.

Ans: An index number is a number which is used to measure the level of a certain phenomenon as compared to the level of the same phenomenon at some standard period. In other words, an index number is a number which is used as a device for comparison between the price, quantity or value of a group of articles in different situations for example, at a certain place or a period of time and that of

5. What is regression analysis? Explain steps of performing regression analysis in detail?

Ans: Regression analysis is used to estimate the values of the dependent variables from the values of the independent variables. Regression analysis is used to get a measure of the error involved while using the regression line as a basis for estimation. The regression coefficient Y on X is the coefficient of the variable ‘X’ in the line of regression Y on X. Regression coefficients

 

6. What do you understand by business forecasting? Explain the components of time series

Ans. Business forecasting refers to the analysis of past and present economic conditions with the object of drawing inferences about probable future business conditions. The process of making definite estimates of future course of events is referred to as forecasting and the figure or statements obtained from the process is known as ‘forecast’; future course of events is rarely known. In order to be assured of

Jan/feb 2022 DMBA104– FINANCIAL AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING

1. Rewathi is a sole proprietor having a provisions store. Following are the transactions during the month of January 2018. Journalize them.

Jan. 1 Commenced business with cash 80,000

Jan. 2 Deposited cash with bank 40,000

Jan. 3 Purchased goods by paying cash 5,000

Jan. 4 Purchased goods from Lipton & Co. on credit 10,000

Jan. 5 Sold goods to Joy and received cash 11,000

Jan. 6 Paid salaries by cash 5,000

Jan. 7 Paid Lipton & Co. by cheque for the purchases made on 4th Jan.

Jan. 8 Bought furniture by cash 4,000 9 Paid electricity charges by cash 1,000

Jan. 10 Bank paid insurance premium as per standing instructions 300

	2. Describe how costs are classified on the basis of function.   Ans. We have classified costs into the following functions. The classification is not rigid, like the rule of law. Majorly, our classification is influenced by the value chain of a business. There could be a different and better way to classify costs. Most importantly, we should study the organization’s business model for such a classification. Then, we should design an appropriate classification for that organization—a
3. Why should a manager know accounting? Give your opinion with suitable examples   Ans: Managerial accounting helps managers make operational decisions–intended to help increase the company’s operational efficiency–which also helps in making long-term investment decisions. A management accounting department is one of the company’s essential units, but most entrepreneurs don’t realize it due to its “under the radar” style of work. Management accountants are insiders who create internal analyses to guide the overall business strategy. By definition, their job is to prepare internal financial reports, records, and accounts to aid managers’ Its Half solved only Buy Complete from our online store https://smuassignment.in/online-store/ MUJ Fully solved assignment available for session Jan/Feb 2022, Lowest price guarantee with quality. Charges INR 200 only per assignment. For more information you can get via mail or Whats app also Mail id is aapkieducation@gmail.com Our website www.smuassignment.in After mail, we will reply you instant or maximum 1 hour. Otherwise you can also contact on our whatsapp no 8791490301.

4. Why are the following parties interested in accounting information? (a) Investors (b) Government Ans: Investors are interested because they want to know that are they going to get any profit or not and government do so because they want know about there development of country another thing can be that investor are doing for there own self and government for welfare of   5. Based on following transactions, prepare a cash book with cash and discount columns: 2017 `   Jan 1 Cash in hand                                                                              11,500 Jan 5 Paid to Ramanathan by depositing in cash deposit machine          300 Discount allowed by him                                                                           10 Jan 8 Purchased goods for cash                                                                400 Jan 10 Cash received from Rajagopal                                                      980 Discount allowed                                                                                        20 Jan 15 Sold goods for cash                                                                        400 Jan 21 Paid cash to Shanthi                                                                       295 Discount received                                                                                          5 Jan 25 Paid wages by cash                                                                          50 Jan 31 Paid to Sanjeev ` 390 in full settlement of his account                  400

6. From the following balances taken from the books of Rajeev, a trader on automobiles, prepare trial balance as on 31st March 2017:

 

Particulars	Rs.	Particulars	Rs.
Cash in hand	5,500	Direct Expenses	5,000
Discount Received	300	Carriage Outwards	3,500
Creditors	15,000	Capital	45,000
Buildings	50,000	Purchases	49,700
Opening Stock	6,000	Sales	59,400

 

Jan/feb 2022

ASSIGNMENT

DMBA105 – MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

 

1. Define the term ‘managerial economics. Explain the scope of managerial economics.

Ans: Spencer and Siegelman, in the following words: “Managerial economics is the integration of economic theory with business practice for the purpose of facilitating decision making and forward planning by the management”.

“Managerial economics is concerned with the application of economic concepts and economic analysis to the problems of formulating rational managerial decisions.”

Managerial economics is defined as the branch of economics which deals with the application of various concepts,

2. Discuss the criticisms of profit maximization model in detail.

Ans: Profit maximization objective is a little vague in terms of returns achieved by a firm in different time period. The time value of money is often ignored when measuring profit. It leads to uncertainty of returns. Two firms which use same technology and same factors of production may eventually earn different returns.

1. Profit Maximisation under Perfect Competition Firm:

Under perfect competition, the firm is one among a large number of producers. It cannot influence the

3. Explain the different types of cost with suitable example.

Ans: Cost accounting is an accounting process that measures all of the costs associated with production, including both fixed and variable costs. The purpose of cost accounting is to assist management in decision-making processes that optimize operations based on efficient cost management. The costs included in cost accounting are as follows:

Direct Costs

Direct costs are related to

4. Outline the characteristics and causes of business cycle.

Ans: Characteristics of business cycle

1. It is a wave-like movement, and it is not a random fluctuation.
2. It is synchronic in nature. It is all embracing; it covers the entire economy. Any change in one part of the economy affects the entire economy.
3. It occurs periodically and hence is recurrent in nature. It is repetitive in the sense that it has some recognised pattern.
4. It is to be noted that different trade cycles are similar but not identical in their nature.
5. The effects of different trade cycles are different on different activities.
6. It is self-

5. Summarize the different objectives of pricing policies.

Ans. Five main objectives of pricing policies are:

• Achieving a Target Return on Investments
• Price Stability
• Achieving Market Share
• Prevention of Competition and
• Increased Profits.
• Define and discuss the importance of consumption function in detail.

Ans The consumption function indicates the relationship between consumption and income. Consumption is an increasing function of income. Lord Keynes in his theory of income and employment has given a very significant place to this concept. According to him, the level of national output, income and employment directly depends on effective demand in an economy. Higher the level of effective demand, higher would be the level of income and employment and vice-versa. Effective demand consists of consumption expenditure and investment expenditure.

Consumption expenditure depends on the size of income and the consumers’ propensity to consume while; investment expenditure depends on the marginal efficiency of capital and the rate of interest. Keynes suggested a high propensity to consume to tackle the problem of unemployment in an economy as one of the remedial measures. To understand the concept clearly it is necessary to distinguish between consumption and consumption function. The term consumption refers to a particular amount of consumption out of a given amount of income. On the other hand, consumption function refers to different amounts of consumption at different levels of income. It explains a functional relationship between changes in the level of consumption as a result of changes in the levels of income. It indicates how consumption varies as income changes. If consumption is represented by C and income by Y then, the propensity to consume is C= f (Y). It implies that consumption is an increasing function of income. There is a direct relationship between the two.

 

Importance of consumption function

It has got great theoretical as well as practical importance. Almost all countries of the world aim at removing unemployment raise their national income and enjoy prosperity. For this purpose, a policy of planned economic development is essential. In the formulation of this policy, consumption function plays a very important role.

1. It invalidates Say’s

ASSIGNMENT

DMBA106 – HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Jan/feb 2022

 

1. Discuss Index and Trend analysis of Human Resource Planning.

Ans: An analysis forecasts the requirement for additional manpower by projecting trends of the past and present to the future. It makes use of operational indices for this.

Historical relationship between the operational index and the Demand for Labour.

Operational indices used are:

• Sales

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2. Explain the elements of a Career Planning Programme.

Ans: There are four distinct elements of career planning programme:

• Individual assessment and need analysis
• Organisational assessment and opportunity analysis
• Need – opportunity alignment
• Career counselling

3. What is 360 Degree Appraisal?

Ans. Typically, performance appraisal has been limited to a feedback process between employees and managers. However, with the increased focus on teamwork, employee development and customer service, the emphasis has shifted to employee feedback from multiple sources as depicted in figure. This multiple-input approach to performance feedback is called “360 degree

4. Describe the applications of HRIS in Human Resource Management

Ans. HRIS (human resources information system) is a type of business application that enables companies to store employee information, manage common HR functions, and execute critical HR activities such as processing payroll and administering benefits.

HR needs to handle many things in an organisation including increasing numbers of employees and different HR activities. It became important for many organisations to bring almost all HR activities under

 

 

5. Describe the forms and effects of Grievance.

Ans. Forms of Grievance

A grievance may take anyone of the following forms:

• Factual: A factual grievance arises when the legitimate needs of employees remain unfulfilled, e.g., wage hike has been agreed but not implemented citing various reasons.
• Imaginary: When an employee’s dissatisfaction is not because of any valid reason but because of wrong perception, wrong attitude, or wrong information he has. Such a situation may

 

 

6. Explain the concept of Employee Welfare and the benefits of Employee Welfare.

Ans: Employee welfare means anything done for the comfort and (intellectual or social) improvement of the employees, over and above the wages paid. In simple words, it means “the efforts to make life worth living for workmen.” It includes various services, facilities and amenities provided to employees

 

Set- I

Internal Assignment

PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

1. Discuss the scope of ‘Management’ and the different levels of management.

Ans. Scope management is the process whereby the outputs, outcomes and benefits are identified, defined and controlled. ‘Scope’ is the term used in the management of projects to refer to the totality of the outputs, outcomes and benefits and the work required to produce them.

The different levels of management:

The term Levels of Its Half solved only

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2. Differentiate the qualities of the following two kinds of managers: –

a) Result based manager

b) Strategic manager

Ans: Qualities of the Result based manager:

1. Better implementation
   
   Thinking in terms of problems and opportunities, explicit and shared understanding of “expected results” can strengthen needs assessment, rapid appraisals, planning and monitoring and reveal early in the process misunderstandings or disagreements about goals among stakeholders and implementing partners, which can undermine effective implementation if they are ignored. Getting results clear at the start is the best choice, but clarifying them later can still help remove implementation

                                                       Set- II

4. Discuss the steps in staffing process and its importance in an organisation.

Ans. Staffing is the process of recruiting employees who are eligible for certain positions in a company.

Staffing Process

It is a truth that human resource is one of the greatest for every organization because in any organization all other resources like- money, material, machine etc. can be utilized effectively and efficiently by the positive efforts of human resource.

Therefore it is very important that

5. Define ‘Controlling’. Explain the steps involved in controlling process.

Ans. Controlling involves ensuring that performance does not deviate from standards. Controlling consists of five steps:

 (1) set standards,

 (2) measure

6. Define ‘Directing’. Briefly discuss the principles of directing.

Ans. Directing is the heart of management function. All other functions of management such as planning, organizing, and staffing have no importance without directing. Leadership, motivation, supervision, communication are various aspects of directing. Let us study the importance and principles of directing.

Principles of Directing:-

1. Maximum Individual

Set- I

Internal Assignment

BUSINESS ORGANISATION

1. “Profit making is the primary goal of any business enterprise.” Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons.

Ans. Yes agree with this statement, To be successful and remain in business, both profitability and growth are important and necessary for a company to survive and remain attractive to investors and analysts. Profitability is, of course, critical to a company’s existence, but growth is crucial to long-term survival.

Profit: A company’s net profit is the revenue after all the expenses related to the manufacture, production, and selling of

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2. Who is an entrepreneur? Compare the role of an ‘Entrepreneur’ with that of an ‘Intrapreneur’. Also, illustrate using suitable example.

Ans. An entrepreneur is an individual who creates a new business, bearing most of the risks and enjoying most of the rewards. The process of setting up a business is known as entrepreneurship. The entrepreneur is commonly seen as an innovator, a source of new ideas, goods, services, and business/or procedures.

Entrepreneurs play a key role in any economy, using the skills and initiative necessary to anticipate needs and bringing good new ideas to market. Entrepreneurship that proves to be successful

3. Compare sole proprietor and partnership forms of organization. Also, write a note on suitability of partnership form of organization.

Ans.

Basis of Comparison	Sole Proprietorship	Partnership
Structure	An individual is doing his own business.	Two or more people are doing business for profit.

                                               Set- II

4. What is ‘Memorandum of Association’? How is it different from ‘Articles of Association’?

Ans. Memorandum of Association: A Memorandum of Association (MoA) represents the charter of the company. It is a legal document prepared during the formation and registration process of a company to define its relationship with shareholders and it specifies the objectives for which the company has been formed. The company can undertake only those activities that are mentioned in the

5. What may be the possible reasons for the failure of a company? Discuss the situations when a company would be winded-up by the court?

Ans. 1. Financing Hurdles

A primary reason why small businesses fail is a lack of funding or working capital. In most instances a business owner is intimately aware of how much money is needed to keep operations running on a day-to-day basis, including funding payroll; paying fixed and varied overhead expenses, such as rent and utilities; and ensuring that outside vendors are paid on time. However, owners of failing companies are less in tune with how much revenue is generated by sales of products or services. This disconnect leads to funding shortfalls that can quickly put a small

6. Write short notes on the following:

a) All India Manufacturers’ Organisation

Ans. AIMO was founded by Bharat Ratna Sir. M. Visvesvaraya over 75 years ago. The Organisation has established itself as a body committed to Industrial progress with the motto “Prosperity through Industry”. It has been recognized by Government as an apex Organisation of industry and given representation on most of the policy making bodies of the Central and State Governments. The Tamil Nadu State

                                               Assignment- Ist

1(a). What is money measurement concept?

Ans. Each transaction and event must be expressible in monetary terms. The advantages of monetary expression are that

(a) it provides a simple measuring device to represent many facts in a common denominator and

(b) it is amenable to summarization. If an event cannot be expressed in monetary terms, it cannot be considered for Its Half solved only

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2. Show the accounting equation based on the following transactions for Kumar, who is dealing in Furniture.

(i) Started business with cash Rs. 1,70,000

(ii) Goods bought on credit from Ram Rs. 10,000

(iii) Purchased Bike for cash Rs. 60000

(iv) Paid creditors by cash Rs. 8,000

(v) Purchased goods for cash Rs. 20,000

Ans

S.no	TRANSACTIONS	CASH	+	STOCK	+	BIKE	=	CRTEDITORS	+	CAPITAL
1	Started business with cash Rs. 170000	170000	+	0	+	0	=	0	+	170000

2(b). List the users of accounting information.

Ans. Various users of Accounting Information

Different categories of users need different kinds of information for making decisions. These users can be divided into:

1. Internal Users

2. External Users.

1. Internal Users:

These are the persons who manage the business, i.e. management at the top, middle, and lower levels.

3(a). What is cash discount? How does it differ from the trade discount?

Ans. A cash discount is a reduction in the amount of an invoice that the seller allows the buyer. This discount is given in exchange for the buyer paying the invoice earlier than its normal payment date.

Understanding the Cash Discount:-

There are two reasons

b. Record the following transactions in three column cash books of ABC Ltd.:

2017 Jan Rs.

1 Cash in hand 50,000

1 Cash at bank 90,000

2 Goods sold on credit to Rohini 15,000

5 Cheque received from Rohini in full settlement and deposited into bank 14,500

6 Cash deposited into bank through cash deposit machine 18,000

7 Goods sold to Sridhar for Rs. 12,000. He made the payment of Rs.11,800 by debit card in full settlement by availing a cash discount of Rs. 200

10 Money withdrawn from bank for office use 2,000

12 Purchased goods from Raja for Rs. 10,000 and paid through credit card in full settlement by availing a cash discount of Rs. 200 for Rs. 9,800.

14 Nathiya who owed money made the payment through NEFT 18,000

27 Cheque of Rohini dishonoured.

Answer:

Assignment- IInd

4(a) From the following information, calculate the amount of depreciation and rate of depreciation under straight line method. Purchase price of machine Rs. 1,80,000; Expenses to be capitalized Rs. 20,000; Estimated residual value Rs. 35,000; Expected useful life 8 years.

Answer:

ANS:- 

Calculation of depreciation of amount  = (original cost-residual value / expected  years of life)

Original cast =

b) List the subsidiary books maintained by the organisations.

Ans. Different Types of Subsidiary Books

We can divide the subsidiary books into the following types:

1. Cash book
2. Purchases book

c) What is Bad Debt?

Ans. Bad debt is an expense that a business incurs once the repayment of credit previously extended to a customer is estimated to be uncollectible and is thus recorded as a charge off. Bad debt is a

5. The following trial balance has been extracted from the books of Rajesh on 31st December, 2016.

Debit Balance	Rs.	Credit Balance	Rs.
Drawings Plant and machinery Opening stock Purchases Wages Salaries Insurance Rent and taxes Sundry debtors Suspense A/c	44,000 1,00,000 20,000 2,70,000 62,000 70,000 45,000 17,000 50,000 22,000	Capital Cash sales Provision for bad & doubtful debts Bank overdraft Discount received Credit sales Sundry creditors	1,76,000 1,72,000 2,000 20,000 6,000 3,00,000 24,000
7,00,000	7,00,000

The following adjustments are to be made:

(a) Stock on 31st December, 2016 was Rs. 28,000

(b) Unexpired insurance was Rs. 15,000

(c) Provision for doubtful debts is to be maintained at 5% on sundry debtors.

(d) Depreciate plant and machinery at 20%.

You are required to prepare trading and profit and loss account for the year ended 31st December, 2016 and a balance sheet as on that date.

Answer:

6(a) Differentiate between income & expenditure account and profit & loss account.

Ans.

Basis	Income and Expenditure Account	Profit and Loss Account
Prepared by	Not-for-Profit Organisations prepare this account.	Business enterprises prepare this account.

 (b) Explain the preparation of a ‘Cash Flow Statement’ as per AS-3.

Ans. AS – 3 Cash flow statements:-

Cash flow statement is additional information to user of financial statement. This statement exhibits the flow of incoming and outgoing cash. This statement assesses the ability of the enterprise to

• sh flow statement, as per AS-3

Economic Theory

JUL/AUG 2021

Assignment- Ist

1. Discuss the law of equi marginal utility with suitable examples.

Ans. Law of Equi-Marginal Utility explains the relation between the consumption of two or more products and what combination of consumption these products will give optimum satisfaction. Marginal Utility is the additional satisfaction gained by consuming one more unit of a commodity.

Law of Equi-Marginal Utility

This law is based on the principle of Its Half solved only

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2. Enumerate total cost, average cost and marginal cost and the relationship that exists amongst them.

Ans. Basically, we are focusing on two relationships:1. Relation between Average Cost and Marginal Cost, and 2. Relation between Total Cost and Marginal Cost.

Details are as under:

1. Relation between Average Cost and Marginal Cost:

Relation between average cost and marginal cost is explained through Table 8 and Fig. 9.

3. What is meant by equilibrium of the industry? Also discuss price determination under monopolistic competition.

Ans. Equilibrium of the Industry: Short-Run and Long-Run Equilibrium:-

Since the price of a product under perfect competition is determined by the intersection of the demand and supply curves of the product of an industry, we need to know the nature and shape of the supply curve of a product under perfect competition. We shall now explain how the supply curve of a product under condition of perfect competi­tion is derived and the shape it takes both in the short run

                                               Assignment- IInd

4. Elucidate the importance of subsistence theory of wage determination along with the criticism of the theory.

Ans. The following points highlight the top six theories of wages. The theories are: 

1. The Subsistence Theory of Wages 

2. Standard of Living Theory.

Theory 1. The Subsistence Theory of Wages:

The theory was formulated by physiocrats. According to them wages would be equal to the amount

5. What is meant by national aggregates? Differentiate personal income and disposable income as components of national aggregates.

Ans. Gross National Product at Market Price: Referred to as the market value of all the final goods and services produced by normal residents (in the domestic territory and abroad) of a country during an accounting year.

National income is referred to as the net money value of all the final goods and services that are produced by the residents living within the boundary of the country within an accounting year.

The following

6. “The interaction of aggregate demand and aggregate supply functions determines the equilibrium level of output and employment.” Discuss.

Ans. Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand

Aggregate supply is the total supply of goods and services that firms in a national economy plan on selling during a specific time period. It is the total amount of goods and services that firms are willing to sell at a specific price level in an economy..

Aggregate demand is the total demand for final goods and services in an economy at a given time and price leve

Set- 1^st

Internal Assignment

General English

1. Describe the history and development of English language.

Ans. History: In the fifth and sixth centuries AD the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes invaded the British Isle, each speaking languages that could be mutually understood amongst themselves. This language is known today as Old English (500- 1100), which contained four dialects: west Saxon, Mercian, north Umbrian, and Kentish. Approximately half of all Modern English words are derived from Old English roots. Unlike Middle English, which can be deciphered by speakers of Modern English, Old English can no longer be understood without being extensively studied as a “foreign” language. Its Half solved only

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2. Write all parts of a sentence. Discuss all types of sentences with one example each.

Ans The eight parts of speech — nouns, verbs, adjectives, prepositions, pronouns, adverbs, conjunctions, and interjections — form different parts of a sentence. However, to be a complete thought, a sentence only needs a subject (a noun or pronoun) and a predicate (a verb). If you only include one of these two parts, you will have only a sentence fragment, which is grammatically incorrect.

All types of sentences

3. Elaborate upon the significance and purpose of reading.

Ans. Reading can make you a better writer and speaker. Reading skills can take you a step ahead and help you achieve your objectives by customizing the way you read. If you choose the appropriate reading skill, it will enhance the reading process and help you achieve your goal.

If you wish to read for pleasure, you can use the extensive reading skill. There is no expectation from the reader here and you can understand the meaning of words through context. For example, after reading

                                                                 Set- II

4. What do you mean by a paragraph? Write a paragraph on “Time and Tide Wait for None”.

Ans. A paragraph is a component of fictional prose and non-fiction writings.

When writing essays, research papers, books, etc., new paragraphs are indented to show their beginnings. Each new paragraph begins with a new indentation.

The purpose of a paragraph is to

5. Define Tense. Write all types of tenses with two examples each.

Ans. Tenses play a crucial role in the English language. It denotes the time an action takes place, whether sometime in the past, in the present or will take some time in

6. Write all the vowels and consonants with two examples each.

Ans.  A vowel is a speech sound made with your mouth fairly open, the nucleus of a spoken syllable.

A consonant is a sound made with your mouth fairly closed.

When we talk, consonants break up the stream of vowels (functioning as syllable onsets and codas), so that we don’t sound like we’ve just been to the dentist for four fillings and the anaesthetic hasn’t worn off yet.

Consonants require more precise

                                                 Internal Assignment

                                                              Set- 1st

1. What is number system? Explain how to convert decimal number to binary number with example?

Ans. A number is a mathematical value used for counting and measuring objects, and for performing arithmetic calculations. Numbers have various categories like natural numbers, whole numbers, rational and irrational numbers, and so on. Similarly, there are various types of number systems that Its Half solved only

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2. Define Boolean Algebra. Simplify the following expression using Boolean algebra?

a. A+AB

b. AB +AB’

c. A’BC+AC

d. A’B+ABC’+ABC

Ans. A system of algebra in which there are only two possible values for a variable (often expressed as true and false or as 1 and 0) and in which the basic operations are the logical operations AND 

3. Define K-map? Simplify f (a, b, c, d) =∑m(0, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14).

Ans. A Karnaugh map (K-map) is a pictorial method used to minimize Boolean expressions without having to use Boolean

                                                             Set- 2nd

4. Define Sequential Circuits. Draw and explain the working of JK, S-R, D Flip-Flops?

Ans. The sequential circuit is a special type of circuit that has a series of inputs and outputs. The outputs of the sequential circuits depend on both the combination of present inputs and previous outputs. The previous

5. What is a Digital counter? Explain types of counters in digital circuit?

Ans. A Digital Counter is obtained by arranging the flip-flops. These are the applications of flip-flops. Other than counting,

6. Explain the design of an electronic tennis scoring system?

Ans. The present tennis scoring system includes input devices for each player to indicate whether one player or the other has won a particular point. These input devices for each player may be in the form of transmitters each having two recessed pushbutton switches, one to indicate that one player has won the point and the other to indicate that the opposing player has won the particular point.

The input device may

                                               Internal Assignment

                                                         Set- Ist

1 (a). What is identifier and how they are created in C++ and specify their naming Conventions.

Ans. Identifiers are used to define a name. They are mostly used to name variables (ex: array, structure), functions, class etc. Every language uses its own rules for naming the identifiers. In C++, identifiers can be named according to the following rules:

• Only alphabets, digits, characters and underscores are permitted.
• A name cannot start with a digit.
• An

1(b). Describe the object-oriented programming features of C++?

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Ans. C++ is a general-purpose Object Oriented Programming (OOP) language. C++ includes features of object-oriented programming as well as conventional procedural programming. The major aim of developing object oriented programming language is to remove some of the flaws

encountered in programming a language of procedural approach. Object- Oriented Programming enables one to put data and functions in one container. This container is referred to as an object. An object

2. What is Operator overloading? Write a C++ program illustrating overloading ++ operator?

Ans. Operator overloading is a manner in which OO systems allow the same operator name or symbol to be used for multiple operations. That is, it allows the operator symbol or name to be bound to more than one implementation of the operator. A simple example of this is the “+” sign.

In an

3(A) Illustrate types of Inheritance?

Ans: Five types of inheritance:

• Single Inheritance
• Multiple Inheritance
• Multilevel Inheritance
• Hierarchical Inheritance
• Hybrid Inheritance

1) Single Inheritance:

• In single inheritance, a class derives from one base class only. This means that there is only one

3(B). What is a constructor? Write the syntax of declaring the constructor?

Ans. A constructor initializes an object when it is created. It has the same name as its class and is syntactically similar to a method. However, constructors have no explicit return type.

Typically, you will use a constructor to give initial values to the instance variables defined by the class, or to perform

                                                  Set- 2nd

4(A). Explain the exception handling mechanism in C++?

Ans. An exception is a problem that arises during the execution of a program. A C++ exception is a response to an exceptional circumstance that arises while a program is running, such as an attempt to divide by zero.

Exceptions provide a

5. What is Template? What is the need of Template? Declare a Template class?

Ans. A template is a form, mold, or pattern used as a guide to making something. Here are some examples: A ruler is a template when used to draw a straight line. A document in which the standard opening and closing parts are already filled in is a template that you can copy and then fill in the variable

6(A). What is a file mode? Describe the various file mode options available?

Ans. File Modes. A file can be opened in one of four modes. The mode determines where the file is positioned when opened, and what functions are allowed. After you close a file, you can reopen the file in a different mode, depending on what you are doing. For example, you can create a file in create mode.

                                             Internal Assignment

                                                        Set- 1st

1(a). What is a linked list? Discuss the algorithms for insertion and deletion of values in the end of a linked list?

Ans. A linked list is asequence of data structures, which are connected together via links. Linked List is a sequence of links which contains items. Each link contains a connection to another link. Linked list is the second most-used data structure after array.

Inserting Elements to a Linked List:

Insert a Node at the end of a Linked list

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1(b). Define stacks and what are the applications of Stack?

Ans. A Stack is a widely used linear data structure in modern computers in which insertions and deletions of an element can occur only at one end, i.e., top of the Stack. It is used in all those applications in which data must be stored and retrieved in the last.

An everyday analogy of a stack data structure is a stack of books on a desk, Stack of plates, table tennis, Stack of bootless,

2(a). What are Binary trees? How many types of Binary trees are there, discuss?

Ans. A binary tree is an important type of tree structure which occurs very often. It is characterized by the fact that any node can have at most two branches, i.e., there is no node with degree greater than two. For binary trees we distinguish between the subtree on the left and on the right,

2(b). What is a List Structure? Explain Adjacency list and Incidence list?

Ans. A list structure consists of a set of lists and an optional lock table of exclusive locks, which you can use to serialize the use of lists, list entries, or other resources in the list structure. Each list is pointed to by a header and can contain a number of list entries. A list entry consists of list entry controls and

3. Discuss the types of directed graphs and matrix representation of Digraph?

Ans. The different types of directed graphs are discussed below:

Definition: A directed graph (or) a digraph D consists of a non-empty set V (the elements of V are normally denoted by v1, v2, …) and a set E (the elements of E are normally denoted by e1, e2, ….) and a mapping  that maps every element of E onto an ordered pair (vi, vj) of elements from V.

                                                         Set – II

4. a. Explain the algorithms of Bubble sort and Merge sort?

Ans. Bubble Sort: I would

4(b). What are the characteristics  Building Blocks of an Algorithm?

Ans. The process of executing the individual statements in a given order is called control flow.

The control can be executed in three ways

1. sequence

2. selection

5(a). How is the Efficiency of an Algorithm measured?

Ans. Efficiency of an Algorithm measured:-

• Back to the Basics: Put simply, algorithms are a way of solving a class of problems. They are a ‘finite sequence’ made to work with any programming language. Think of these as instructions, just like a recipe! It includes step-by-step directions that can be applied to return the desired
•  

6. Discuss about All Pair Shortest Paths and Travelling Salesman Problem?

Ans. All Pair Shortest Paths: Let G = (V, E) be a directed graph with n vertices and let cost be a cost adjacency matrix for G such that cost (i, i) = 0, 1  £ i  £ n. Then cost (i,j) is the length (or cost) of edge <i,j> if <i,j> E(G) and cost (i,j) = ¥ if i ¹ j and < i, j > Ï E(G). The all pairs shortest path problem is to determine a matrix A such that A (i,j) is the length of a shortest path from i to j.

Let us examine a shortest i to j path in Gi ¹ j. This path originates at vertex I and goes through some intermediate vertices (possibly none) and terminates at vertex j. We can assume that this path contains no cycles for if there is a cycle, and then this can be deleted without increasing the path length. If

SESSION	JUL/AUG 2021
PROGRAM	BCA
SEMESTER	II
COURSE CODE & NAME	DCA1204 – COMMUNICATION SKILLS

SET – I

Q1. Discuss any four barriers to communication and substantiate your answer with one example for each. (2.5×4)

Ans:

Barriers to Effective Communication: At each stage in the process of communication – encoding, transferring, and decoding, there is the possibility of interference. This may hinder the communication process. Such interference is known as ‘noise.’ Often, a comparison is made between communication and a leaky bucket. If you carry water in a leaky bucket, you will lose water at various points in your journey from the water tap to your destination

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Q2. Elaborate upon the significance and purpose of reading for a graduate of Computer Applications.       5+5            10

Ans:

Significance of reading for a graduate of Computer Applications:

• Self-esteem is the ability to believe in yourself: This may be the most crucial aspect of all. Students gain ground in the categories listed below the sooner they establish reading abilities. This gives individuals more confidence in how they talk and write, as well as the certainty of a larger knowledge foundation.

Q3. What are the qualities of a business letter? Discuss its various types.           4+6      10

Ans:

The following are some qualities of a good business letters:

Simple and unambiguous language must be utilised during the communication process. The meaning of a term is unclear when it is unfamiliar.

• Integrity and sincerity: – To generate a sense of sincerity in the recipient, messages and information must be interwoven.
• Time: – The
•  

SET 2

4. a. What are the characteristics of personality?

Answer:

Personality Characteristics in Organizations

Managers should learn as much as possible about personality in order to understand their employees. Hundreds of personality characteristics have been identified. We have selected eight characteristics because of their particular influences on individual behaviour in organizations.

They are:

b. What determines the development of personality?

Answer:

That Determine our Attitude

Are we born with attitudes or do we develop them as we mature? What are the factors that form our attitudes?

If you have a negative outlook on life because of your environment, can you change your attitude? Most of our attitude is shaped during our formative years.

There

5. a. What are the general principles of time management?

Answer:

As a student, there are some basic Principles of Time Management that you can apply.

• Identify “Best Time” for Studying: Everyone has high and low periods of attention and concentration. Are

6. Discuss the role and functions of an effective leader?

Answer:

Role & Functions of a Good Leader

The overall aim of a leader is to achieve the task with the help of his group. To meet the overall aim, the leader has three main objectives :

•  

                                            INTERNAL ASSIGNMENTS

SESSION	JUL/AUG 2021
PROGRAM	BCA
SEMESTER	II
COURSE CODE & NAME	BCA1201 – OPERATING SYSTEM
CREDITS	4
NUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS & MARKS	02 30 Marks each

Set- I

Q1 a.  Discuss the three Operating System Structures.

b. What is Deadlock avoidance? Discuss Banker’s algorithm for the same.       5+5     

Ans 1(a).

Three Operating System Structures:

Layered approach: Dijkstra suggested the layered approach to lessen the design and implementation complexities of an operating system. The layered approach divides the operating system into several layers. The functions of operating system are divided among these layers. Each layer has well-defined functionality and input-output interfaces with the two adjacent layers. Its Half solved only

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1.  

Q2 a.  What do you understand by Virtual Environment & Machine Aggregation?

b. What is a Process Control Block? What information is stored in it?   5+5      10

Ans (a).

Virtual Environment & Machine Aggregation: A virtual environment (otherwise referred to as Virtual private server) is another kind of a virtual machine. In fact, it is a virtualized environment for running user-level programs (i.e. not the operating system kernel and drivers, but applications). Virtual environments are created using the software implementing operating system-level

Q3. Discuss the CPU scheduling algorithms           10       

Ans (3).

CPU- I/O Burst Cycle: Process execution consists of alternate CPU (Central Processing Unit) execution and I/O (Input / Output) wait. A cycle of these two events repeats till the process completes execution (Figure). Process execution begins with a CPU burst followed by an I/O burst and then

Set – II

Q4 a.  What is Page replacement? Discuss it’s FIFO algorithm with an example.

b.  What is Thrashing? What are its causes?          5+5      10

Ans (a):

Page Replacement: Initially, execution of a process starts with none of its pages in memory. Each of its pages will have page fault at least once when it is first referenced. But it may so happen that some of its pages are never used. In such a case those pages which are not referenced even once will never be brought into memory. This saves load time and memory space. If this is so, the degree of multi-programming can be increased so that more ready processes can be loaded and executed. Now, we may come across a situation wherein all of sudden, a process

Q5 a.  Discuss the different File Access Methods.

b. What are I/O Control Strategies?            5+5      10

Ans (a).

File Access Methods: Information is stored in files. Files reside on secondary storage. When this information is to be used, it has to be accessed and brought into primary main memory. Information in files could be accessed in many ways. It is usually dependent on an application. Access methods could be:-

1. Sequential access

Q6. Discuss about Distributed processing and parallel processing. State the similarities and differences amongst them.           10       

Ans (6).

Parallel and Distributed Processing: Operating systems have moved from single process systems to single processor, multi-user, and multitasking systems. Today the trend is towards multiprocessor, multitasking systems. Distributed processing and parallel processing are two technologies used to harness the power of a multiprocessor system. A proper mix of the technologies may yield better results.

Distributed processing and