DBB1219 STATISTICS FOR MANAGERS

Description

SESSION	JUL-AUG 2026
PROGRAM	BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER	II
COURSE CODE & NAME	DBB1219 STATISTICS FOR MANAGERS

 

 

Assignment Set – 1

 

Q.1. Explain the meaning and characteristics of Statistics. Discuss its major functions and importance in the modern business environment. Also, explain any two important applications of Statistics in business with suitable examples. (3+3+4 = 10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Meaning of Statistics

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analysing and interpreting the numerical data to infer useful information to facilitate decision-making. It is used in two ways: 1. As the facts in numbers, as in the number of sales or the number of inhabitants; 2. As the science or system of studying them in a systematic way.

Characteristics of Statistics

Statistics is the science of

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Q.2. A manager receives a large set of raw data containing employees’ gender, department, salary group and years of service. Explain how appropriate classification and tabulation can convert this raw data into meaningful information. Also distinguish between classification and tabulation. (5+5 = 10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Meaning of Classification

Classification is the arranging of raw data in various groups or classes to group the data with similar characteristics together and the mass of scattered figures becomes easier to study. Given a set of raw data, which lists the gender, department, salary range, years of service, and other information for many employees, the first step is to categorize this information under appropriate heads, like by department, by gender, by salary range, etc.

Meaning of Tabulation

Tabulation is systematic presentation

 

 

Q.3. The salaries and number of employees in five categories of an organisation are given below. Calculate the weighted arithmetic mean salary and explain why weighted mean is more appropriate than simple arithmetic mean in this situation. (Employee Category, Monthly Salary (Rs), Number of Employees: Class I Officers 1500, 10; Class II Officers 800, 20; Subordinate Staff 500, 70; Clerical Staff 250, 100; Lower Staff 100, 150.) (5+5 = 10 Marks)

Ans 3.

Meaning of Weighted Arithmetic Mean

Weighted arithmetic mean is a weighted average of a set of numbers, in which values are not treated equally but have varying degrees of importance. This weight is typically defined by the frequency of the occurrence, amount or some other form of importance assigned to each item, such as the number of workers in a specified pay level in an organization.

Approach to

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

Q.4. Explain the difference between the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis. Also explain the level of significance, p-value, and the correct interpretation of “reject” and “fail to reject” the null hypothesis. (4+6 = 10 Marks)

Ans 4.

Meaning of Null Hypothesis

A hypothesis that is accepted as true if there is no evidence of the effect, difference, or relationship between variables in the data from samples is called the null hypothesis. It is the position in which we start, for example, if the evidence is that a new training programme does not have any effect on employee productivity, or what is called the ‘default model’ and the whole testing process is oriented towards finding out whether the evidence is sufficient to reject this assumption.

Meaning of

 

 

Q.5. The following data show the number of hours studied and examination scores of five students. Calculate Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient and interpret the result. (Student, Study Hours (X), Exam Score (Y): A 2, 50; B 4, 60; C 5, 65; D 7, 80; E 9, 85.) (6+4 = 10 Marks)

Ans 5.

Meaning of Correlation

Correlation quantifies and describes the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables: whether an increase in one variable tends to be associated with an increase or decrease in the other. It does not prove a cause-and-effect relationship; it is rather an indication of the tendency of the two variables to move together.

Karl Pearson’s

 

Q.6. What are index numbers? Explain the importance and uses of index numbers in economic and business analysis. Discuss the weighted methods of constructing index numbers with suitable examples. Also mention any two limitations of index numbers. (2+3+3+2 = 10 Marks)

Ans 6.

Meaning of Index Numbers

Index numbers are statistical devices used to show changes in a variable or a set of variables over time, as compared to a base period which is given a reference value. Index numbers can be used to measure price changes, production changes, employment changes or changes in the overall economic activity, and enable comparisons over a period of time in a simple and