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SESSION	JUL/AUG 2022
PROGRAM	BACHELOR of business administration (BBA)
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	DBB1104 – MARKETING MANAGEMENT

 

 

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. Macro environment include variables which directly or indirectly exert an influence on the business. Do you agree or not? Justify your answer in detail.

Ans: Macro-environment of the organization Macro environment consists of those forces which are external to the firm. They are beyond the control of the firm. Macro environment not only offers opportunities but also poses threats to the firm. Successful firms take advantage of opportunities and convert threats into opportunities. Macro environment

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2. Define Product Mix. As every human being has different phases in life, alike product follows. Elaborate the statement with suitable examples applicable in each stage of PLC.

Ans: A product mix (also called product assortment) is the set of all product lines and items that a particular seller offers for sale to buyers.” An organisation with several product lines has a product mix. Product mix need not consist of related products. In other words, product

3. State the benefits of modern marketing concept. Enumerate how does the understanding of marketing concepts give immense benefits to an organisation?

Ans: Marketing concepts are of immense value to the organisation. Its benefits are as follows:

1. i) It points out that long term success is assured to an organisation only if the needs of the market are recognised, and the customer’s needs receive top consideration in all business activities.

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

1. The factors which determine consumer behaviour can be grouped into major broad categories. Elaborate categories in detail.

Ans: Determinants of consumer behaviour

The consumer behaviour is a complex field of study as it involves several variable components. Human behaviour is dependent on internal characters of the individual as well as the pressures of the external environment. Similarly, consumer behaviour is also dependent

2. Discuss the significance of relationship marketing. Elaborate the methods which organization can adopt to enhance relationship with customers?

 

Ans: Various methods by which an organisation can enhance relationship with customers:

1. a) The organisation can create goodwill with existing customers.
2. b) The organisation needs to ensure high profile visibility in the eyes of the customer.
3. c) Customers can be offered free gifts or discounts, along with the purchase of product. d) Road shows, trade shows or participation in expos enhance brand visibility, along with regular marketing channels of advertisement.

3. Discuss in detail sequence of steps follow in developing an integrated promotion mix take any example of company at your choice.

Ans: Developing an integrated promotion mix:-

Marketing efforts incorporate the “marketing mix”. Promotion is one element of marketing mix. Integrated promotional activities include advertising (by using different media), sales promotion (sales and trades promotion), and personal selling activities. It also includes Internet marketing, sponsorship marketing, direct marketing, database marketing and public

 

SESSION	JUL-AUG 2022
PROGRAM	BACHELOR of business administration (BBA)
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	DBB1103 – BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

 

 

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. “Business is the product of the Environment”. Explain. Also discuss the relationship between Business and Environment.

Ans: Business is an economic activity: An economic activity is the task of adjusting resources to the targets. Economic activity may be in the form of consumption, production, distribution and exchange. For example, Amul produces Chocolate, Cheese, Paneer and other milk products. Amul is the producer and you are the consumer who consumes the products.

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2. What are the benefits of Foreign Direct Investment? Also Discuss the impact of FDI policy on Liberalization from Indian Perspective.

Ans: Following are the areas in which the host country may benefit from Foreign Direct Investments:

1. i) Financial transfer of foreign exchange.
2. ii) International Trade Channels.

 

3. Write short note on the following:
4. The Companies Act, 2013
5. The Competition Act, 2002

Ans: a) The Companies Act 2013 regulates the formation and functioning of corporations or companies in India. The first Companies Act after independence was passed in 1956, which governed business entities in the country. The 1956 Act was based on the recommendations of the Bhabha

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

 

1. Explain the role of the World Trade Organization. Also discuss the principles of WTO.

ANS: Role of the World Trade Organization:-

1) It will facilitate the implementation, administration and operation of world trade agreements.

2) It will provide the forum for trade negotiations among its member countries and will monitor national trade policies.

 

 

 

2. Why should Social Responsibility be a Social Objective of Business? Explain the barriers to Social Responsibility.

Ans: Since allbusinesses operate in a society they have their responsibility towards various sections of the society. The responsibility may be towards the customers, the society or the community, the Environment and so on. These are outlined below:

Responsibility towards the customers Customer satisfaction is the most important factor in

 

3. What is Globalization in Economy? How Globalization affected Business Sector in India?

Ans: Globalization is a process of development of the world into a single integrated economic unit. It describes the process by which regional economies, societies and cultures have been integrated through a global network. This network becomes stronger through

SESSION	JUL – AUG 2022
PROGRAM	BBA
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	DBB1101–COMMUNICATION & PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

 

Set – 1

 

1. Elucidate the history and development of English language.

Ans: Introduction: In the fifth and sixth centuries AD the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes invaded the British Isle, each speaking languages that could be mutually understood amongst themselves. This language is known today as Old English (500- 1100), which contained four dialects: west Saxon, Mercian, north Umbrian, and Kentish. Approximately half of all Its Half solved only

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2. Define sentence. Write all types of sentences with two examples each.

Ans: Introduction: Sentence is the most popular definition of a sentence is that it is a meaningful collection of words. It can also be said that a sentence unit that is syntactically independent has a subject that is expressed.

 

3. Write in your own words how effective communication will affect your personal and professional life. Write at least five points.

Ans: It is apparent that meaningful communication does not take place automatically in interpersonal relationships. But there are a number of factors, which appear to foster effective communication – ranging from an awareness of one’s own

 

Set – 2

1. Convert the below given sentences from Active Voice to Passive Voice:
2. Have you finished the report?
3. She has written a novel.

• The police have caught the thief.

1. The tiger was chasing the deer.
2. She has learned her lessons.

 

Ans:

 

2. Elaborate on the different ways in which you can build your vocabulary.

Ans: Concepts of Vocabulary Building Each of us stands testimony to the fact that it is an essential prerequisite to have a good vocabulary in order to communicate effectively. There are many ways to improve our vocabulary

3. Discuss rules related to various forms of tenses.

Ans: Tenses rules here is a tabulated representation:-

Tenses	Tenses Rule
Past simple tense	Subject + V2 + Object
Past Perfect tense	Subject + had + V3 + Object

 

Assignment

DBB1105 – COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

Set- First

1. a. Define Computers?
2. What are the key characteristics of each generation of computers. Explain

Ans: The term ‘computer’ is derived from the word ‘compute’, which means to calculate. A computer can be defined as an electronic device which processes the input (data) and displays the desired output. Computer is also used for storing data. In this unit you will be studying characteristics of comput

2. Convert (1D7F)16 to an Octal system number and (5A9.63)16 to a decimal system number

Answer:

 

3. Discuss the advanced formatting options available in MS Word. How would you create a custom template and apply it quickly to slides?

Answer:

 

Set- Second

4. Explain various design strategies for Software System Design.

What are the four quality measures for building software products?

Ans: The various design strategies for Software System Design:-

 Bottom-up Strategy

This kind of system design strategy revolves around designing the subsystems and the lowest-level compone

5. Enlist the main functions of the operating system? Describe various components of operating systems.

Ans: An operating system is a software component that acts as the core of a computer system. It performs various functions and is essentially the interface that connects your computer and its supported components.

The main functions of an operating System are: Resource Management: The resource management function of an operating system allocates computer resources such as CPU time, main memory, second

6. Discuss the TCP/IP protocol layers with the help of a diagram. Explain how the internet works

 

Ans:

SESSION	JUL-AUG 2022
PROGRAM	BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA)
SEMESTER	I
COURSE CODE & NAME	DBB 1102 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

1. Explain the concept of Organizational Behaviour. Discuss the role of a manager in terms of Organizational Behaviour.
2. Define personality. Examine the various determinants of Personality.
3. Organization structure of any business enterprise is affected by several factors. Deliberate on those factors.

 

Q.No   Assignment Set – 2

4. Highlight the major sources of stress.
5. Explain the Sources of Conflict in an organization. Briefly discuss the different styles of conflict management.
6. Define a group. Explain the different stages of group development.

SESSION	JuL/AUG 2022
PROGRAM	Master of business administration (MBA)
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	DMBA106 – Human resource MANAGEMENT

 

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

1. Explain the term ‘Recruitment’. Explain the various sources of recruitment.

Ans: Recruitment – Recruitment is the process of seeking and attracting prospective candidates against a vacancy in the organisation.

Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for the jobs in the organisations. It is the process of seeking and attracting a pool of people from which qualified candidates can be chosen for job vacancies. Recruitment, as a process, starts with identification of the need for human resources and ends with getting the

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2. Explain the elements of a Career Planning Programme.

Ans: Elements of a Career Planning Programme In the previous section, we discussed how to manage career planning. Let us now study the elements of a career planning programme. There are four distinct elements of career planning programme:

• Individual assessment and need analysis
• Organisational assessment and opportunity analysis

 

3. Describe Human Resource Planning. Elaborate on the process of Human Resource Planning

Ans: Human resource planning (HRP) is the continuous process of systematic planning ahead to achieve optimum use of an organization’s most valuable asset—quality employees. Human resources planning ensures the best fit between employees and jobs while avoiding manpower shortages

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

 

4. Describe the concept of Competency and it’s linkage to various HR systems.

Ans: Ans. Competency is defined as “a capacity that exists in a person that leads to a behaviour that meets the job demands within organisational parameters and that in-turn bring about the desired results.”  Competency can also be defined as “an underlying characteristic of a person results in effective and/or

 

 

5. Define ‘Job Analysis’. Elaborate the process of job analysis.

Ans: Answer- Job analysis is the process of determining and recording all the pertinent information about a specific job, including the tasks involved, the knowledge and skill set required to perform the job, the responsibilities attached to the job and abilities required to perform the job successfully. Job analysis is a process to identify and determine in detail the

 

6. Explain the concept of Employee Welfare and the benefits of Employee Welfare

Ans: Concept of Employee

Welfare Employee welfare is a comprehensive term including various services, benefits and facilities offered to employees and by the employers. Through such generous fringe benefits the employer makes life worth living for employees.

SESSION	JUL – AUG 2022
PROGRAM	MASTER of BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION(MBA)
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	DMBA105 – MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

1. Define the term ‘Demand’. Explain the determinants of demand with suitable example.

Ans: Demand simply means a consumer’s desire to buy goods and services without any hesitation and pay the price for it. In simple words, demand is the number of goods that the customers are ready and willing to buy at several

2. Discuss the different economies of scale in detail.

Ans: The study of economies of scale is associated with large scale production. Today there is a general tendency to organize production on a large scale. Mass production of standardized goods has become the order of the day. Large scale production is beneficial and economical in nature. The advantages or benefits that accrue to a firm as a result of increase

3. Summarize the different types of cost with examples.

Ans: Cost accounting is an accounting process that measures all of the costs associated with production, including both fixed and variable costs. The purpose of cost accounting is to assist management in decision-making processes that optimize operations based on efficient cost

 

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

 

4. Outline the characteristics and causes of business cycle.

Ans: Characteristics of business cycle

1. It is a wave-like movement, and it is not a random fluctuation.
2. It is synchronic in nature. It is all embracing; it covers the entire economy. Any change in one part of the economy affects the entire

 

5. “The sole cause of inflation is the existence of a persistent excess demand in the economy” Justify the statement with reference to different types and causes of inflation.

Ans: According to another approach, the sole cause of inflation is the existence of a persistent excess demand in the economy. Inflation is the excess demand over the supply of everything after the limits of the supply have

 

6. Define and discuss the marginal efficiency of capital (MEC) in detail.

Ans: Marginal efficiency of capital It refers to productivity of capital. It may be defined as the highest rate of return over cost accruing from an additional unit of capital asset. It also refers to the yield expected from a new

SESSION	JUL/AUG 2022
PROGRAM	master of business administration (mba)
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	Dmba104 – Financial and management accounting

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

 

1. Describe the process of accounting including example of each of its step.

Ans: Let us now study the process of accounting in detail.

1. Identifying the transactions and events – This is the first step in the accounting process. It recognises the transactions of financial character that are essential to be recorded in the books of accounts. When money, goods, or services are transferred from one person or account to another

2. Show the effect of following transactions on accounting equation:

1.	Shaheen started business with:  Cash    Goods Plant & Machine	Rs. 100000 20,000 5,0000
2.	She purchased goods	50000
3.	Business sold goods (Costing Rs. 2000) for	2500
4.	Purchased goods on credit	70000
5.	Payment made to creditors	50000

 

Answer:

The effect of changes in accounts

 

 

3. Discuss the usefulness of management accounting as a branch of accountancy and elaborate the major point of differences between management accounting and financial accounting.

Ans: The usefulness of management accounting as a branch of accountancy:-

1. Relevant Costs Analysis

The most important job of the management accountant is to conduct a relevant cost analysis to determine the existing expenses and give suggestions for the future activities. One question stands out

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

 

4. What are the main objectives of preparing fund flow statement? Prepare a specimen of schedule of changes in working capital.

Ans:

Interpretation of Funds Flow Statement:-

A sound financial policy requires the long-term assets to be financed using long-term sources (liability) and short-term assets using short-term sources (current liability).

The funds flow statement must be carefully observed to draw conclusions about the

 

5. Discuss important component of cost sheet. Prepare a hypothetical statement of cost (cost sheet).

Ans: Every product manufactured, whether a pin or a computer, needs resources. The management must know the cost of using their resources for its planning and controlling function. Therefore, the elements of costs are classified as materials, labour, and expenses.

 

6. What is meant by budgetary control? Elaborate essential features of budgetary control.

Ans: “Budgetary control is the establishment of budgets relating to the responsibilities of executives of a policy and the continuous comparison of the actual with the budgeted results, either to secure by individual action the objective of the policy or to provide a basis for its

on.

SESSION	JUL/AUG 2022
PROGRAMME	Master of business administration (mBA)
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	DMba103-statistics for management

 

 

 

ASSIGNMENT SET – 1

 

 

1. Define statistics. Explain different characteristics of statistics.

 

Ans 1.

 

Definition of Statistics

According to Seligman, “Statistics is a science which deals with the method of collecting, classifying, presenting, comparing and interpreting the numerical data to throw light on enquiry”.

According to Horace Secrist, Statistics may be defined as “an aggregate of facts affected to a marked extent by multiplicity of causes, numerically expressed, enumerated or estimat

 

 

 

2 Define statistical survey. Explain different methods of data collection.

 

Ans 2.

 

Definition of Statistical Survey

A Statistical Survey is a scientific process of collection and analysis of numerical data. Statistical surveys are used to collect information about units in a population and it involves asking questions to individuals. Surveys of human populations are common in government, health,

 

 

3 Explain different types of sampling techniques.

 

Ans 3.

By choosing a sample technique carefully, errors can be minimised. The sampling techniques may be broadly classified into the following categories:

1. i) Probability sampling

1. ii) Non-probability sampling

 

 

 

 

ASSIGNMENT SET – 2

 

 

4. Describe main steps in construction of index numbers.

 

Ans 4.

 

Main steps in construction of index numbers

 

Main steps in the construction of index numbers To follow the steps many problems are encountered which are to be discussed carefully. There are many difficulties in following the steps involved in the construction of index numbers. The following

 

 

 

 

 

5. Explain advantages and disadvantages of business forecasting.

 

Ans 5.

 

 

Advantages of business forecasting

 

• Helpful in increasing profit and reducing losses Every business is carried out with the purpose of earning maximum profits. So, by forecasting the future price of the product and its demand, the businessman can predetermine the production cost, production and the level

 

 

6. Describe utility and components of time series analysis.

Ans 6.

 

Utility of the Time Series

 

The following are the possible uses of the time series:

• The comparative study of behaviour of the variable over different periods of time can be done. The variable may be export figures, quantity of industrial production etc.

 

SESSION	JUL/AUG 2022
PROGRAM	MBA
SEMESTER	I
course CODE & NAME	DMBA102–BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

 

 

SET – 1

 

1. Imagine that you are the sales representative of your organization and you are asked to effectively demonstrate a newly launched product/service in front of a target audience. Explain the communication process while including the relevance of context and how the communication can go wrong even if a few elements are missed.

Ans: Irrespective of the setting in which communication takes place or the number of people that are involved, all communication consists of certain key elements. The communication model shown in figure illustrates each of these elements. Figure depicts the elements in the

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2. Explain the various types of Non-Verbal Communication while giving examples as how you will use NV Communication when appearing for a job interview.

Ans: Kinesics is the most often studied and important area of non-verbal communication and refers to body movements of any kind. Different body movements can express inner states of emotion. The different body movements are:

 Facial expressions – Facial expressions can convey feelings of surprise, happiness, anger

 

3. Enlist the different types of Listening.

Ans: The following types of listening are shown in the diagram below:

 

 

Discriminative listening This is the most basic type of listening, whereby the difference between the sounds is identified. Unless the differences between the sounds are identified, the

 

SET – 2

 

4. Elucidate the different types of Reading.

Ans:

 

Several types of reading:

Figure depicts the different types of reading which we will discuss in the following sub-sections.

Reading Types

 

Skimming Let us say that you are a student of management and as suggested by your professor, you need to buy a reference text book for writing a paper on Investment Management or Quality Management. You go to a book store and see a rack full of books,

5. Suppose you are asked to write a research document. Elaborate the steps you will apply for writing.

Ans: Sometimes the most difficult part of writing a research paper is just getting it started. Contained in this packet, you will find a list of six steps that will aid you in the research paper writing process. You may develop your own steps or procedures as you progress in your

 

6. Create your CV using the seven components essential for a CV.

Ans: Studies have shown that on average recruiters spend just seven seconds looking at a CV before deciding whether a candidate is suitable for the role.

1. Start strong

Start with a summary of your skills and key accomplishments. This will attract the recruiter and grab their attention from the outset. This personal profile is an important part of your CV

ASSIGNMENT

DMBA101 – MANAGEMENT PROCESS AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

 

1. Visualize the concept of Decision Making along with BCG model of planning and decision making.

Ans.

Decision Making

Decision making can be defined as the way of choosing from the alternatives. Since no action can be taken without a decision, planning will not go any further without a decision and hence, decision making is an integral part of planning even if it is done quickly or with little thought. The process leading to decision can be thought of as

1) Premising (or

 

 

2. Discuss the concept of Organizing while having light on the importance of the concept.

Ans.  According to Chester Barnard, “Organizing is a function by which the concern is able to define the role positions, the jobs related and the coordination between authority and responsibility.

Organising is important for the following reasons:

Creates roles – Organising enables a business to create roles or in other words, it links a person to an activity with its

3. Detailed the concept of Controlling along with prerequisites of Effective Control.

Ans. Controlling can be defined as measuring and correcting of performance to achieve the organisational goals. According to Brech, “Controlling is a systematic exercise which is called as a process of checking actual performance against the standards or plans with a view to ensure adequate progress and also recording such experience as is gained as a contribution to possible future needs. Though planning and controlling can be considered as two sides of a coin, it is possible for us to make a

4. What is Motivation? Explain Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory.

Ans: Motivation is the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. It is what causes you to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge. Motivation involves the biological, emotional, social, and cognitive forces that activate behavior.

Motivation involves the biological, emotional, social, and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term “motivation” is frequently used to describe why a person does something. It is the driving

 

5. Discuss the concept of ‘Team’, also to discuss seventeen characteristics of an Effective Team.

Ans: A team can be defined as a group of people operating with complementary skills and a high degree of interdependence and accountability to achieve a common and usually difficult goal collectively with authority to execute and the rights to share rewards for the performance.

A team is any group of people organised to work together interdependently and cooperatively to meet a purpose or a

6. Define the concept of Leadership. Discuss different dimensions Authoritarian, Democratic & Laissez Faire in detail.

Ans: Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent. Leaders carry out this process by applying their leadership attributes, such as – beliefs, values, ethics, character, knowledge and skills.

A simple definition of leadership is that leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a

SESSION	JUL/AUG 2022
PROGRAM	Master of business administration (MBA)
SEMESTER	II
course CODE & NAME	DMBA206 – PROJECT MANAGEMENT

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

 

1. Write down a note on Project Management Knowledge Areas and Processes.

Ans: The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) describes ten knowledge areas of the project management discipline. The in-depth understanding, application and attaining proficiency in any one of these knowledge areas will be extremely helpful to you.

The ten knowledge areas are:

 

 

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2. What is the Kotter’s Eight steps of change model?

Ans: John P Kotter describes a useful model for managing change. Each stage recognises a fundamental principle relating to the employees’ reaction and attitude to change, in which, people see, think, and change. Figure 4.16 depicts Kotter’s eight-step change model.

 

3. What do you mean by determination of the critical path? Explain its process

Ans: Once the network diagram with single time estimates has been developed, the following computational procedure may be employed for determining the critical path/s, event slacks, and activity floats. Calculate the Earliest Occurrence Time (EOT) for each event After completion of all leading activities, an event occurs. In the network diagram shown in Figure

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

4. What are the different processes of project quality management?

Ans: Project quality management Project quality management begins by defining the quality standards to be used for the project. This definition will come from the stakeholders, beneficiaries, and often from the overall standards for the organisation. Careful identification of the quality standards will help to ensure a successful project outcome that will be accepted

 

5. What is the difference between a competitive bid and a negotiated bid?

Ans: Negotiated Bids

The negotiated bid is the most common method of bidding for commercial construction projects. It is a more straightforward, less formal process that is applicable for most projects.

Also, most project owners prefer to negotiate price and terms directly with the general contractor of their choice. Since project owners work directly with the general contractor,

 

6. What could be the reasons for project termination?

Ans: Project termination is one of the most serious decisions of a project management team and its control board. The decision of project termination affects all the stakeholders of the project and can put some negative impact on the organisation’s growth. So it is important to

SESSION	JULY/AUG – 2022
PROGRAM	MASTER of business administration (MBA)
SEMESTER	II
course CODE & NAME	DMBA205 – OPERATIONS RESEARCH

 

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

1. What is Operations Research? Explain advantages and limitations of Operations Research

Ans: Operations Research (O.R.): Churchman, Aackoff, and Aruoff defined operations research as “the application of scientific methods, techniques and tools to the operation of a system with optimum solutions to the problems” where ‘optimum’ refers to the best possible alternative

 

2. Solve the following linear programming problem using its Dual:

    Minimize Z    = 40x₁+ 200x₂

    Subject to:    4x₁ + 40x₂ ≥ 160

                           3x₁ + 10x₂ ≥ 60

                           8x₁ + 10x₂ ≥ 80

        wherex₁, x₂ ≥ 0

3. (a) ABC Iron & Steel Co. has 03 open health furnaces & 5 rolling miles. Transportation costs (Rs. Per Quintal) for transporting steel for furnaces to rolling mills are shown in the following table.

Mills Furnaces	M1	M2	M3	M4	M5	Capacity
F1	4	2	3	2	6	8
F2	5	4	5	2	1	12
F3	6	5	4	7	3	14
Requirements	4	4	6	8	8

 

Find the initial basic feasible solution using VAM.

(b) Four jobs are to be done on four different machines. Assign the jobs to maximize the total profit.

Machines Jobs	M1	M2	M3	M4
M1	15	11	13	15
M2	17	12	12	13
M3	14	15	10	14
M4	16	13	11	17

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

 

4.(a). What is Monte Carlo Simulation? Write in brief about the Monte Carlo Simulation Procedure.

Ans: Monte-Carlo Simulation

The Monte-Carlo method is a simulation technique in which statistical distribution functions are created by using a series of random numbers. This approach has the ability to develop many months or years of data in a matter of few minutes on a digital computer.

The method is generally used to solve the problems that cannot be adequately represented by

 

(b) Write short note on Erlang M/M/1: ∞/FCFS Queuing model.

Ans: The queueing system where the distribution of arrival and the departure both are assumed to be Poisson or the distribution of inter-arrival time and service time are assumed to be Exponentially distributed are called as the Poisson queuing system. The main Poisson

 

5. The following table gives the activities in a construction project and other relevant information:

 

Activity	Optimistic time (indays)	Most likely time (indays)	Pessimistic time (indays)
1-2	30	44	54
1-3	8	12	16
2-3	1	2	3
2-4	2	3	5
3-4	8	10	12
4-5	14	22	25

 

1. i) Draw a PERT diagram and mark clearly the Critical Path
2. ii) Determine the expected project length?

iii) What is the probability that the project would be successfully completed in less than 60 days?

 

 

6. What is Principle of Dominance in Game Theory? Reduce the following game by dominance property and solve it:

 

		Player B
		B1	B2	B3	B4
Player A	A1	2	-2	4	1
	A2	6	1	12	3
	A3	-3	2	0	6
	A4	2	-3	7	1

Ans: The principle of dominance states that if one strategy of a player dominates over the other strategy in all conditions then the later strategy can be ignored. A strategy dominates

 

SESSION	JULY/AUG – 2022
PROGRAM	MASTER of Business Administration (MBA)
SEMESTER	II
course CODE & NAME	DMBA204 mANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

1. Discuss the history of Computing.

Ans: Computers or general purpose computing devices were invented in the middle of the 20th century, but the ideas they are based on evolved a century earlier. Charles Babbage, a renowned British mathematician, first conceived the idea of a computing device in the 1820s when he was confronted with the problem of errors creeping into navigation charts at the time

 

2. What is IT interaction model? Explain.

Ans: Managing IS in organisations is a highly challenging and complex task. One reason for this complexity is that neither organisations nor the IS they use remain static over time – both change continuously, and it is the job of management to ensure that the systems remain useful

 

 

3. How are management information systems different from transaction processing systems?

Ans: Management information systems Management information systems (MIS) process the information generated by the transaction processing systems of an organisation and create reports for use by the management.

 

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

4. What are the different ways of making online payments? Explain

Ans: Online payment services.

Most modern online payment services offer easy-to-use, fast and secure ways to pay – the bare bones of what’s expected from payment providers.

Such companies do so by cutting out the need to enter long card details or personal information. Instead, they operate using stored payment methods and/or third-party

 

5. What are the facilities an organization could have from ‘Customer Relationship Management System’?

Ans: CRM applications are a way to enhance and embellish customer touch points. Touch points are interfaces at which the marketing establishment of a commercial firm interfaces, directly or indirectly, with a current or potential customer. This term also has a larger connotation – referring to any interface of the firm with stakeholders such as customers,

 

6. Why is vendor management important? What are the key issues to consider for managing vendors carefully?

Ans: Organisations that manage their own IT infrastructure, and not outsource it, usually rely on vendors to provide certain services. The services may range from one-time purchases to long-term service contracts. Vendors too may range in size from very small, one-person operations to large multinational fi rms. Managing vendors is a challenge for all

SESSION	JULY/AUG – 2022
PROGRAM	Master of Business Administration (MBA)
SEMESTER	II
course CODE & NAME	DMBA203– Marketing MANAGEMENT

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

 

 

1. Describe an exchange process with the help of an example.

Ans: Marketing occurs when people decide to satisfy their needs and wants through the exchange of goods and services. It is the core concept of marketing. It is the act of obtaining a desired object from someone by offering something in return. For example, exchange takes place when you buy a music CD from a store and give money to the store owner or when you

2. What is Marketing Information System? Write down the characteristics of MIS.

Ans: Modern marketing organisations, with their focus on the Internet, demonstrate different characteristics as compared to “old economy”. They create and manage the customer interface where interactions are more virtual than face-to-face. They allow IT technology to integrate and coordinate with consumers and business partners to quickly accomplish

3. Explain the methods of marketing control.

Ans: Marketing objectives are often stated in terms of sales, costs, profits, product or brand awareness, etc. Performance evaluation always relates to measuring the accomplishment of objectives.

Figure 2.13 depicts the three general approaches to focus on sales, costs, and marketing

 

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

 

4. What is positioning? What are the various steps in the positioning process?

Ans: A ‘market’ can be defined as a group of customers who exhibit similar needs and have the ability to satisfy those needs. Market can also be defined in terms of the benefits sought by the customer, not in terms of particular products or technical specifications. In this unit, we will discuss ways in which the

 

5. Explain the stages in the new product development process.

Ans: Market structure analysis: The next step in the process of new product development process is to implement a market structure. This process delineates the consumer’s perception of market by building a map outlining the critical consumer dimensions, positioning existing

 

6. What is direct marketing? Briefly discuss the various types that can be used for direct marketing.

Ans: Direct Marketing Direct Marketing means getting the message directly to the customer without using any intermediaries. Direct marketing is an interactive system of marketing, which uses one or more advertising media to affect a measurable response and transaction at

SESSION	September 2022
PROGRAM	MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)
SEMESTER	II
course CODE & NAME	DMBA202 & FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

1. “Financial Planning aims to frame financial policies in relation to procurement, investment and administration of funds of an enterprise”. In the light of above statements highlight the objectives, advantages and limitations of financial planning.

Ans: Objectives of financial planning:-

Financial planning is a process by which funds required for each course of action is decided. Financial planning means deciding in advance the financial activities to be carried on to achieve the basic objective of the firm. The basic objective of the firm is to get maximum profit with minimum losses or risk. So, the basic purpose of the financial planning is to make

 

2. Siyaram Ltd. has the following capital structure:

Equity share capital (200000 shares)                                      Rs.40,00,000

6% Preference shares                                                              Rs.10,00,000

8% Debentures                                                                        Rs.30,00,000

                                                                                                Rs.80,00,000

The market price of the company’s equity share is Rs.20. It is expected that company will pay a dividend of Rs.2 per share at the end of current year, which grow at 7% for ever. The tax rate may be presumed at 50%. You are required to compute the following:

1. Weighted average cost of capital based on existing capital structure.
2. The new weighted average cost of capital, if the company raises an additional Rs.20, 00,000 debts by issuing 10 percent debentures. This would result in increasing the expected dividend to Rs.3 and leave the growth unchanged but the price of share will fall to Rs.15 per share.
3. c) The cost of capital if in (b) above, growth rate increases to 10 percent.
4. “Operating risk is associated with cost structure, whereas financial risk is associated with capital structure of a business concern.” Critically examine this statement.

Ans: As operating leverage can be favourable or unfavourable, high risks are attached to higher degrees of leverage. As DOL considers fixed expenses, a larger amount of these expenses increases the operating risks of the company and hence, a higher DOL. Higher operating risk can be taken when income levels of companies are rising and should not be

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

4. The board of directors of Sugandha mills limited request you to prepare a statement showing the working capital requirements for a level of activity of 30,000 units of output for the year.

The cost structure for the company’s product for the above-mentioned activity level is given below.

	Cost per Unit (Rs.)
Raw materials	20
Direct labour	5
Overheads	15
Total	40
Profit	10
Selling price	50

 

(a) Past experience indicates that raw materials are held in stock, on an average for2 months.

(b) Work in progress (100% complete in regard to materials and 50% for labour and over heads) will be half a month’s production.

(c) Finished goods are in stock on an average for 1 month.

(d) Credit allowed to suppliers: 1 month.

(e) Credit allowed to debtors: 2 months.

(f) A minimum cash balance of Rs 25,000 is expected to be maintained.

 

Prepare a statement of working capital requirements.

 

5. Discuss the factors that determine the credit policy of an enterprise? What are the financial implications of liberalized credit policy?

Ans: In any manufacturing firm, the Production Manager controls a major part of the investment in the form of equipment, materials, and men. He should organise his department in such a way that the equipments under his or her control are used most productively, the

6. Discuss the assumptions and arguments used by Modigliani and Miller in support of the irrelevance of dividends. Are dividends really irrelevant? If not, what are the arguments for relevance of dividend policy?

Ans: Miller and Modigliani criticise traditional approach that the cost of equity remains unaffected by leverage up to a reasonable limit and K0 remains constant at all degrees of leverage. They state that the relationship between leverage and cost of capital is elucidated as in NOI approach.

Table depicts the assumptions regarding Miller and Modigliani (MM) approach: perfect

SESSION	JUL/AUG 2022
PROGRAM	Master of business administration (MBA)
SEMESTER	II
course CODE & NAME	DMBA201 – PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

 

Assignment Set – 1^st

Questions

1. What are the various functions involved in production management, and how do they work together?

Ans: Production management typically starts with aggregate planning. The data for this planning comes from the marketing department which forecasts the demand and determines the quantities of various products needed to fulfill the orders. The delivery schedules are also

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2. What are the objectives of plant Layout? Why Layout Decisions are Important?

Ans: Objectives of Layout

The primary objective of plant layout is to increase productivity and also to ensure employee satisfaction and lowering the costs. The major objectives

of a good plant layout are:

Reduced risk to health and safety of employees

3. Discuss the factors that led to the decision to optimize the business process? What are the skills, knowledge and functions required for Business Analyst?

Ans: These individual processes evolve at varying degrees, making it necessary to evaluate, improve, and optimize them continuously. Where this doesn’t happen, it’s reasonable to expect employee and customer dissatisfaction. Costly operational inefficiencies are also possible. There could also be a drop in market share. Unfortunately, it’s usually hard to undo

 

 

Assignment Set – 2^nd

Questions

4. What are the different knowledge areas in project management? Describe the Work Breakdown Structure with example?

Ans: Project management knowledge areas

The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) is a collection of processes and knowledge areas generally accepted as best practice within the project management discipline. The knowledge areas of project management are the following:

 Project integration management, cost management, and communications management.

 

 

5. What is the Bullwhip Effect in SCM, how to prevent it? Define JIT Inventory?

Ans: Bullwhip Effect in SCM An organisation always goes through ups and downs. It is necessary that the managers of the organisation keep track of the market conditions and analyse the changes. They must take decisions on the resources and make necessary changes within the organisation to meet the market demands. Failing to do so may result in wild

 

6. What are the Steps in Developing an Aggregate Plan? Discuss the Advantages of Aggregate Plan?

Ans: Steps in Developing an Aggregate Plan

The following steps are involved in developing an aggregate plan:

1. Start with a forecast for each product that indicates the quantity to be produced during each time period.
2. Combine the individual demands into one single aggregate demand. It is important to

SESSION – II

PROGRAM- MASTER of commerce (m.Com)

SEMESTER- MAY 2022

course CODE & NAME- Dcm6206–management of financial institution market and service

 

Assignment Set – 1

1. Briefly describe the role of financial system in the economic upliftment of a nation.

Ans: The role of the financial system in economic development can be explained as follows:

• Relationship between Savings–Investment: The financial system helps in channelizing savings into financial institutions like banks. The banks attract savings in many forms like fixed deposits, recurring deposits, etc., and offer a higher rate of return. The banks then advance the money as loans to the business entities to enable Its Half solved only

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2. What is leasing? Elaborate its main types.

Ans: A lease contract is an implied or oral contract, which sets out the terms and conditions of the lessor who gives his consent to the lessee to use the property The contract promises the lessee to use the property for an agreed-upon period, and the lessor or the owner is consistently paid an agreed upon amount during that period.. The parties shall remain bound by the terms and conditions of the contract, and if one

 

3. Discuss the effectiveness of credit rating as a financial service, what are the advantages associated with it?

Ans: Credit rating agencies are supposed to be the belief of investors or an instrument. It provides an in-depth picture of the risk linked with the financial instrument by considering the previous projects, future prospects, and present events. It is described as the existing and upcoming issuer’s ability to make payments on time of interest and principal on a particular instrument. It offers different information on a huge scale that is required to be known the issuer’s creditworthiness

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

4. Enumerate methods of venture capital financing. Also discuss its advantages and disadvantages as a method of funding.

Ans: Methods of Venture Capital Financing: To grow and expand the venture business, venture capital uses various methods. Some of them are listed below:

1. Equity Financing: Every business requires funds for the start-up to generate a large amount of capital in the business and which has the potential to grow rapidly, then that venture uses the process of equity financing method. The new ven

 

 

5. Write a note on growth and trends of factoring in India.

Ans: GROWTH OF FACTORING BUSINESS: Factoring as an age-old concept has stood the test of time as it enabled businesses to resolve the cash flow issues, rendered liquidity, facilitated uninterrupted services and cushioned businesses against the lag in the billing cycles. Also the merit of the product lies in the simplicity of the concept which is well understood and accepted.

Currently, the business of

 

6. Discuss the concept and benefits of mutual fund as an investment option.

Ans: A mutual fund is an investment vehicle where numerous financial backers pool their cash to acquire returns on their capital over a period. This corpus of funds is overseen by a speculation expert known as the fund manager. It is his/her responsibility to put the funds in various securities like bonds, stocks, gold and other different resources to give best possible returns. The losses incurred

 

 

 

SESSION- MAY 2022

PROGRAM- M.COM

SEMESTER- II

course CODE & NAME- DCM6205 – PROJECT PLANNING, APPRAISAL & CONTROL

 

Set – 1

1. Define TCQ in relation to a project? “Failing to plan is planning to fail”, Explain in context of a project. Throw light upon the merits of project management.

Ans:

TCQ-Time Cost & Quality aspects are evaluated as follows:

Time: scheduling is a collection of techniques-Models & Technology used to develop and present schedules that show when & how the work will be executed.

Cost: The inflow and outflow Its Half solved only

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2. Define project execution. Write a detailed note on project life cycle.

Ans: Project execution is the stage in which the phases are implemented- deliverables are worked. Project execution plan – PEP is the principle document that defines & outlines how the execution team should accomplish a large work task duly breaking the same into WBS – Work Break Down Structure.

Project execution plan describes the specific time lines – allocation of Resources – Men Material – Tools – Tackles of

 

3. What is investment? Discuss the purpose of investment.

Ans: An Investment is a resource that is made determined to allow cash to grow. The abundance made can be utilized for various targets like gathering deficiencies in pay, setting something aside for retirement, or satisfying specific particular commitments like reimbursement of credits, installment of

 

 

Set – 2^nd

4. Discuss the challenges & limitations of PERT. Elucidate the features/characteristics of PERT.

Ans: Advantages:-

• PERT system uses relationship charts to define the scope out the individual components of a project in a chronological order, also defining the relationships between activities.

 

• PERT helps us to determine the

 

 

5. Define project activities. Discuss in brief ES & EF. Also discuss the merits & demerits of CPM.

Ans: Project activities are actions undertaken by the project to achieve the set objectives. They are very concrete actions that are practical and well defined. When you read a description of project activities, you should immediately be able to picture the project in your head without any confusion. Project Activity is basically a milestone, a section or a task that has many sub-tasks under it. In simple words, any activity that requires a number of tasks to be completed in order to complete that activity is known as a

 

 

6. Discuss three methods of measuring income. Explain BEP along with an example

Ans: Three methods of measuring income: The first method of estimation is the Product Method or Value Added Method, where national income calculated by the sum of net value added at the factor cost of all manufacturing enterprises in the domestic province of the realm in an accounting year. This method involves the following steps:

• Step1: Identifying the producing enterprises and classifying them into different sectors (primary, secondary,

 

 

SESSION MAY 2022

PROGRAM M.COM

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME DCM6204 – BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

 

Set – 1

 

1. Why is the extent of work of business? What are the different features of micro and macro business environment?

Ans: E- Business in India: As we know the E-business is growing at rapid pace in developing countries like India. In this case we will take few examples of companies who started their operations through electronic medium without having any physical stores. Due to numerous factors which are involved in environmental analysis the e-business is moving in upward direction in India as when prime Its Half solved only

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2. What is a joint venture? How did Apple and Samsung become active cum successful global players?

Ans: Joint venture: Joint venture is the agreement between two or more companies to carry out a specific business. In a joint venture, there is a common asset, management, profit sharing, and marketing.

However, within these similarities,

 

3. What is FDI? Explain its various types.

Ans: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): It is referred to as the firm’s physical investment to build the facilities overseas and function as a domestic business with large-scale activity. FDI is utilised to obtain several privileges internationally. The host country brings advantages through new products, technologies, and

 

 

 

Set – 2

 

 

1. What is foreign exchange market? Write a detailed note on asset choices and capital flows.

Ans: The foreign exchange market (also known as forex, FX, or financial market) is a global market (OTC) that determines the exchange rate of the world. Participants in these markets can buy, sell, exchange,

2. What do you understand by cultural environment? How does languages spoken in a country affects the business? What are the advantages of social audit?

Ans: The socio-cultural environment is a set of social factors affecting a business and includes the extent of social stratification, social traditions, level of literacy and education, ethical standards, values and beliefs,

 

3. Elucidate the history of Globalization. Also explain the disadvantages of Globalization.

Ans: Globalization: It is clearer terms are to interface with the world and it suggests the blend of the economy of India with that of the world. Thusly, it enables private and new pursuits and besides new trades. Globalization tries to set up the associations with the goal that the Indian happenings can be met by the world.

Globalization is an historical process that began with the first movement of people out of Africa into other parts

 

SESSION MAY 2022

PROGRAM MASTER OF COMMERCE

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME MARKETING MANAGEMENT (6203)

 

Set – 1

1. Explain the consumer buying decision process in detail.

Ans: The buying decisions of each customer are unique, as they are based on the set of factors that influence that customer. So, the speed and rate of adoption of different consumers are different and they cannot be grouped together. On the basis of purchasing decisions, consumers may be grouped into the following types –

 

1. i) Initiator – Person who first Its Half solved only

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2. Describe the impact of marketing environment in business decision with suitable examples.

Ans: Marketing concepts are of immense value to the organisation. Its benefits are as follows:

1. i) It points out that long-term success is assured to an organisation only if the needs of the market are recognised, and the customers’ needs receive top consideration in all business activities.
2. ii) It clearly suggests

 

3. Explain the stages of ‘Product Life Cycle’.

Ans Every product move through a life cycle, having five phases and they are:

 

1) Introduction

2) Growth

3) Maturity

4) Saturation

5) Decline

1) Introduction: This is the

 

Set – 2

 

1. Write short notes on the following:
2. Tools of sales promotion

Ans: The two types of sales promotion tools consumer are as follows: A. Consumer-oriented Promotion Tools B. Trade-oriented Sales Promotion.

Consumer sales promotions are aimed at the end users of the product – typically individual shoppers in the local market. But the same techniques can be used to promote products sold by one business to another, as done in trade fairs,

 

2. Define ‘Marketing Research’. Also, explain its scope.

Ans: Research is a systematic and intensive study undertaken to:

• Address the fundamental questions or
• Find a solution to the existing problems.

 

It is an art of scientific investigation. It is also a systematic design collection analysis and reporting of the findings and solutions for the existing problems of a company.

 

According to the Concise Oxford Dictionary, research is “An endeavor to discover new or collate old facts etc. by the scientific

 

3. Explain ethical issues in marketing.

Ans: Ethical issues in marketing arise from the conflicts and lack of agreement on particular issues. Parties involved in marketing transactions have a set of expectations about how the business relationships will take shape and how various transactions need to be conducted. Each marketing concept has its own ethical issues, which we will discuss in this chapter.

Emerging Ethical Problems in

 

SESSION MAY 2022

PROGRAM MASTER OF COMMERCE (M.COM)

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME DCM 6202 MANAGEMENET ACCOUNTING

 

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. “Management Accounting collect, analyses and presents the accounting information in such a way as to assist the management in the creation of policy and in day-to day operations of an undertaking”. Elucidate.

Ans: Management Accounting, in simple words, may be referred to as the accounting that helps the managers. This is management-oriented accounting. The accounting activity is reoriented to help the managers in their day-to-day tasks and functions. The basic aim of Management Accounting is to help with the operational requirements of the firm. Management Accounting maintains past and present records systematically so that the managers utilize the information to formulate policies and take Its Half solved only

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2. “It is now fairly widely accepted that conventional cost of accounting distorts management’s view of business through unpresentable overhead allocation and inappropriate product costing”. In the light of this statement compare traditional costing with activity-based costing.

Ans:

 

 

3. Company A and Company B budgeted profit and loss accounts for the year ending 2021 are as follows:

	Company A			Company B
Sales		300000			300000
Less: Variable Cost	240000		200000
Fixed Cost	30000	270000	70000		270000
Profit		30000			30000

 

You are required to:

1. a) Calculate the break-even points for each company
2. b) Calculate sales volume at which each of the two companies will make a profit of Rs.10,000
3. c) Give reasons and state which company is likely to earn greater profits in conditions of:

1) Heavy demand for the product

2) Low demand for the product

 

Answer:

 

	Company A			Company B
Sales		300000			300000

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

 

4. Write short note on:
5. Responsibility Accounting Directorate of Online Education

Ans: Standard costing and budgetary expenses are used to control costs. Responsibility accounting is an arrangement of control where responsible authority is appointed for the control of expenses. The people are made liable for the control of expenses.

Suitable authority is given to individuals with the objective that they can keep up their work. In case the result isn’t

 

5. How does a cash flow statement differ from a funds flow statement? Exhibit format of cash flow statement.

Ans: Following are the differences between cash flow statement and fund flow statement:

• The fund flow statement depends on the accrual system of accounting. Nonetheless, in the event of a cash flow statement- just the

 

6. The comparative statements of Income and Financial position are given below:

 

 

You are required to calculate the following ratios for both the years:

1) Current ratio

Sol:

2) Acid test ratio

3) Debtors Turnover ratio

4) Average collection period

5) Stock turnover ratio.

(Assume 360 days in a year)

Answer:

 

 

• Current ratio

2020 R.s

 

Current ratio = total current assets / total current liabilities

Total current assets=(5000+4000+40000+15000)=64000

 

SESSION MAY 2022

PROGRAM MASTER OF COMMERCE (M COM)

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS CODE: DCM6201

 

Set – 1

 

1. Describe Research Process steps in detail

Ans: While conducting research, information is gathered through a sound and scientific research process. Each year, organizations spend enormous amounts of money on research and development to maintain their competitive edge. Thus we propose a broad framework that can be easily be followed in most researches. The process of research is interlinked at every stage as shown in

 

 

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2. Discuss merits and demerits of Questionnaire and Interview method of data collection.

Ans: Merits and demerits of Questionnaire

Merits

Demerits

 

3. Illustrate any four Probability Sampling Techniques

Ans: Four Probability Sampling Techniques:-

Simple random sampling with replacement (SRSWR)

Under this scheme, a list of all the elements of the population from where the samples are to be drawn is prepared. If there are 1,000 elements in the population, we write the identification number or the name of all the 1,000 elements on 1,000 different slips. These are put in a box and shuffled properly. If there are 20 elements to be selected from the population, the simple random

 

 

Set – 2

1. Discuss any four Scaling Techniques of your choice

Ans: There are four types of measurement scales—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. We will discuss each one of them in detail. The choice of the measurement scale has implications for the statistical technique to be used for data analysis.

Nominal scale: This is the lowest level of measurement. Here, numbers are assigned for the purpose of identification of the objects. Any object which is assigned a higher number is in no way superior to the one

 

 

2. Explain the concepts of Validity and Reliability with examples

Ans: Validity is the extent to which the scores from a measure represent the variable they are intended for. But how do researchers make this judgment? We have already considered one factor that they take into account—reliability. When a measure has good test-retest reliability and internal consistency, researchers should be more confident that the scores represent what they are supposed to. There

 

3. A brand manager is concerned that his brand’s share may be unevenly distributed throughout the country. In a survey in which the country was divided into four geographical regions, a random sampling of 100 consumers in each region was surveyed, with the following results:

Calculate the sample chi square (ꭓ 2 ) value and find at Alfa (α) = 0.05 and test whether brand share is the same across the four regions. Tabular value of Chi Square is 0.352 for Degree of Freedom = 3 and α = 0.05.

 

Answer:

1) The null and alternative hypotheses for this test as follows:

H0: All brands share is the same across the four regions.

Ha: Not all brands share is the not same across the four regions.

2) Select the

 

 

SESSION FEB/MAR 2022

PROGRAM MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (MCA)

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME DCA6205 – COMMUNICATION SKILLS

 

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. Mention any four barriers to communication and substantiate your answer with one example for each.

Ans: Barriers to Effective Communication At each stage in the process of communication – encoding, transferring, and decoding, there is the possibility of interference. This may hinder the communication process. Such interference is known as ‘noise.’ Often, a comparison is made between communication and a leaky bucket. If you carry water in a leaky bucket, you will lose water at various points in Its Half solved only

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2. Differentiate between listening and hearing. List the different types of listening.

Ans:

HEARING	LISTENING
Hearing is the act of perceiving sound and receiving sound waves or vibrations through your ear.	Listening is the act of hearing a sound and understanding what you hear.

 

3. Explain the various types of readings.

Ans: Types of Reading

As we have already said, we read in different ways depending on the purpose for which we are reading a text. Let us look at a few types of reading.

Skimming

Let’s say that you need to buy a reference book for English grammar as suggested by your professo

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

4. Discuss the steps one should follow while writing a paragraph? Write a paragraph on the topic “Where there is a will, there is a way.”

Ans: Writing Paragraphs

The writing stage is when you turn your ideas into sentences.

 

Five Writing Steps:

1. Open your

5. What is a job application? What are the points that one needs to keep in mind while writing a job application?

Ans: Advancement in the career front is the most desired aspect of an individual’s life. Writing a job application is the first step towards such goal. A job application is nothing but a medium to sell your services. So it should show all qualities that are required by the buying agent i.e. the employer.

Normally a job application contains two parts: a covering letter and a Resume. It is also known as Bio-data

6. Define a memo. Mention the points one needs to consider in terms of the language of a memo.

Ans: The term ‘memo’ comes from the Latin word ‘memorandum,’ which means “a thing which must be remembered.” The plural form is memoranda. The document that you use to communicate within the organization is called as memorandum. It has to stay within the organization. So, it is also called ‘inter office memorandum.’ When you need to convey information

SESSION FEB/MAR 2022

PROGRAM MCA

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME DCA6204 & ADVANCED COMPUTER NETWORKS

 

SET-I

 

1. Explain the data transfer steps of Frame Relay call control. Explain TCP retransmission strategy.

Ans: Frame Relay is a relatively new technology far better suited for the transmission of the bursty traffic typical for computer networks in comparison to X.25 networks. At first, the Frame Relay technology was standardized by Its Half solved only

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2. Compare Circuit and Packet Switching with example. Describe some SONET/SDH devices.

Ans: Circuit switching assures dedicated communication link between two stations. Usually this types of networks consists a set of switches connected by a sequence of links. On each physical link, a logical channel is dedicated to the connections. And each link is divided into n channels by using different multiplexing techniques. Circuit switching method follows three steps for a successful communication.

3. What are the differences between dynamic routes and static routes, explain with example? Explain the functioning of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol.

Ans:

Key	Static Routing	Dynamic Routing
Routing pattern	In static routing, user-defined routes are used in the routing table.	In dynamic routing, routes are updated as per the changes in network.

 

SET-II

 

4. Discuss the problems of symmetric key cryptography, discuss with suitable example. Explain RSA technique with an example.

Ans:

• Few problems of symmetric key cryptography are Key agreement or key distribution key maintenance. To overcome those problems asymmetric key cryptography has been introduced. The most important

 

 

5. Explain following Network Hardware Components:

• Network interface card
• Hub
• Switch
• Router
• Gateway

Ans: Networking hardware normally refers to devices supporting to setup a computer network. Typically this includes network interface card, hub, repeater, bridge, switches, routers and gateways etc. Now we will discuss each device separately. Based on the layer in which they operate in a layer these devices

6. Explain in detail, the Secure Socket layer. Describe the four types of protocol of SSL.

Ans: SSL is a security protocol that was developed by Netscape Communications Corporation, along with RSA Data Security, Inc. The primary goal of the SSL protocol is to provide a private channel between communicating applications, which ensures privacy of data, authentication of the partners, and integrity.

SSL provides an alternative to the

SESSION FEB/MAR 2022

PROGRAM MCA

SEMESTER II

COURSE CODE & NAME DCA6203 – WEB TECHNOLOGIES

Set – 1

 

 

1. a. What is an IP address? What are its types? Explain.

Ans: IP address stands for internet protocol address; it is an identifying number that is associated with a specific computer or computer network. When connected to the internet, the IP address allows the computers to send and receive information.

IP Address Types:

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There are 4 types of IP Addresses- Public, Private, Fixed, and Dynamic. Among them, public and private

 

2. a. What is cascading style sheet (CSS)? How can you insert CSS in HTML Page?

Ans: Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation semantics (the look and formatting) of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML. Basically Style sheets describe how documents are presented on screens. When a browser reads a style sheet, it will format the document according to it.

Insert CSS in HTML

 

3. a. Explain characteristics of JavaScript.

Ans: JavaScript characteristics Before we start writing in JavaScript, we should understand some of the features of this language.

1. a) JavaScript is a scripting language A scripting language is a simple programming language designed to enable computer users to write useful programs easily. Scripting languages, including Perl, Tcl and REXX, are interpreted, meaning that they are not compiled to any particular machine or operating
2. What is event handling? How can you add an onclick event in HTML page?

Ans: Events are represented by an event object as a member variable of the window object, such as window. Event handlers are Javascript code that are not include inside the <script> tags, but rather, inside the html tags, that execute Javascript when some events fire, such as pressing a button, moving your

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

 

4. a. What is XMLHttpRequest object? Explain with an example.

Ans: HTTPrequests is an API which can be used by web scripting languages like JavaScript, vbscript, etc. HTTPrequests provides a mechanism for transferring the data either in text or XML format between web client and the web server.

In a normal web

1. What are PHP variables? How you declare them? What are the naming conventions for PHP variables?

Ans: A variable is a means of storing a value, such as text string “Manipal Universal Learning”. A variable can then be reused throughout our code, instead of having to type out the actual value over and over again. In PHP

5. a. How can you load XML Data into an HTML Page? Explain with example.

Ans: Loading XML Data into an HTML Page The process of fetching data from an XML files to be filled in an HTML table, using DSO (Data Source Object) and JavaScript. DSO is an object that

 

1. What is a recordset object? Explain with example.

Ans: The ADO Recordset object is used to hold a set of records from a database table. A Record set object consist of records and columns (fields). In ADO, this object is the most important and the one used most often to

 

6. a. Explain comparison operators used in PHP.

Ans: In all programming languages, operators are used to manipulate or perform operations on variables and values. There are many operators used in PHP, so we have separated them into the following categories

 

1. Write a program in ASP to calculate factorial of a given number using while loop?

Ans: Here is the entire code (Classic ASP Factorial Program):

<html>

<body>

<title>Factorial Program

Program- MCA

Course Code and Name- DCA6202- Advanced Data Structure

Set- I

 

1. A. What is time complexity and space comiplexity? Analyze the performance of linear Search for all possible cases.

Ans: Time complexity is the time taken by the algorithm to execute each set of instructions. It is always better to select the most efficient algorithm when a simple problem can solve with different methods.

Space complexity is usually referred to as the amount of memory consumed by the algorithm. It is composed of two different spaces; Auxiliary space and Input space.

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2. What is Queue data structure? Discuss the Enquence and dequence over quene using array.

Ans:  This algorithm uses a queue data structure to perform the search. The effect of this is to process all nodes adjacent to the start node before we process the nodes adjacent to those nodes. If all of the edges in a graph are unweighted (or the same weight) then the first time a node is visited is the shortest path to that

 

3. A. Explain the preorder traversals on binary tree.

Ans: Here in preorder traversal, we start the traversal technique with the root node then proceeds towards the end of the left subtree and then towards the right sub tree. Figure 5.8(iii) shows the traversal pattern using preorder traversal.

1) Start at the root node

2) Traverse the left subtree

3) Traverse the right subtree

void print_preorder(

 

 

Set- II

 

4. A. Discuss any two problem which are NP- Complete.

Ans: Any problem for which the answer is either in the form of YES or NO is called a decision problem. An algorithm for a decision problem is termed as decision algorithm.

Any problem that involves the identification of an optimal solution (where some value needs to be found out as minimized or maximized) is known as an optimization problem. An optimization algorithm is used to solve an

 

5. What is AVL tree? How do you perform search operation inan AVL trees? Expailn with the help of an example.

Ans: An AVL tree is another balanced binary search tree named after their inventors, Adelson-Velskii and Landis. An empty binary tree is an AVL tree. A non empty binary tree T is an AVL tree if given TL and TR to be the left and right subtrees of T and h(TL) and h(TR) to be the heights of subtrees TL and TR respectively. TL and TR are AVL trees and h(TL)-h(TR) ≤ 1. h(TL) – h(TR) is known as the balance factor.

Operations on AVL Tree

 

 

6. A. Expain the meaning of dynamic storage management.

Ans: It uses the data structure called heap for implementing dynamic allocation. There is memory reusability and memory can be freed when not required. It is more efficient. In this memory allocation scheme, execution is slower than static memory allocation. Here memory can be released at any time during the progr

DCA6201 – OPERATING SYSTEM

Assignment Set – 1

1. a. Discuss the types of Operating System.

Ans: Types of Operating System:-

Personal Computer Operating Systems

The main mode of use of a PC (as its name implies) is by a single user. Thus Os for PCs were designed as a single user single task operating system, that is, it is assumed that only one user uses the machine and runs only one program at a time. The operating system of PCs consists of two parts. One part is called the BIOS (

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1. What is VMware? Write a short note on it.

Ans: VMware is a virtualization and cloud computing software provider based in Palo Alto, Calif. Founded in 1998, VMware is a subsidiary of Dell Technologies. EMC Corporation originally

2. What is Preemptive and Non-preemptive Scheduling? Discuss the CPU scheduling algorithms.

Ans: Scheduling can either be preemptive or non-preemptive. If preemptive, then an executing process can be stopped and returned to ready state to make the CPU available for another ready process.

3. Discuss Inter Process Communication and critical-section problem along with the use of semaphores.

Ans: Communication of co-operating processes’ shared-memory environment requires that these processes share a common buffer pool, and that the code for implementing the buffer be explicitly written by the application

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

Questions

 

4. a. What is a Process Control Block? What information is stored in it?

Ans: Every process has a number and a process control block (PCB) represents a process in an operating system. The PCB serves as a repository of information about a process and varies from process to process. The PCB contains information that makes the process an active entity. A PCB is shown in Figure. It contains

1. What is thrashing? What are its causes?

Ans: When a process does not have enough frames or when a process is executing with a minimum set of

5. a. Discuss the different File Access Methods.

Ans: Information is stored in files. Files reside on secondary storage. When this information is to be used, it has to be accessed and brought into primary main memory. Information in files could be accessed in

1. What are I/O Control Strategies?

Ans:- Several I/O strategies are used between the computer system and I/O devices, depending on the

6. Explain the different Multiprocessor Interconnections and types of Multiprocessor Operating Systems.

Ans: The nature of multiprocessor interconnections has an effect on the bandwidth for communication. Complexity, cost, IPC and scalability are some features considered in interconnections. Basic architectures

PROGRAM BCA

SEMESTER III

COURSE CODE & NAME DCA2103, Computer Organization

SET-I

1. Explain von Neumann Architecture in detail.

Ans:

Structure of the IAS Computer

IAS is the first digital computer in which the von Neumann Architecture was employed. The general structure of the IAS computer is as shown in figure

 A main memory, which stores both instructions and data

 An arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) capable of operating on binary data

 A control unit,

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2. Explain in detail the different instruction formats with examples.

Ans: Instruction Formats

Instruction Format is defined as the layout of bits in an instruction in terms of its constituent parts. An Instruction Format must include opcode implicitly or explicitly and one or more operand(s). For, most instruction sets have usually mor

3. Discuss the organization of main memory.

Ans: A memory unit is the collection of storage units or devices together. The memory unit stores the binary information in the form of bits. Generally, memory/storage is classified into 2 categories:

• Volatile Memory: This loses its data, when power is switched off.
• Non-Volatile Memory:

SET-II

4. List and explain the mapping functions.

Ans: Mapping functions

The correspondence between the main memory and CPU are specified by a mapping function. There are three standard mapping functions namely

1. Direct mapping

2. Associative

5. What is an interrupt? Discuss the hardware actions in interrupt handling.

Ans: An interrupt is a signal emitted by a device attached to a computer or from a program within the computer. It requires the operating system (OS) to stop and figure out what to do next. An interrupt temporarily stops or terminates a service or a current process.

With Interrupt driven I/O,

6. Explain the characteristics of RISC and CISC architectures.

Ans: RISC Characteristics

Let’s take a closer look at some of the characteristics of RISC one at a time.

1. Small and Limited Numbers of Instructions

As explained earlier, to increase the speed and performance of RISC, a limited number of frequently used instructions are executed. This reduces the number of cycles per instruction but at a cost of total number of instructions executed in the same time frame.

2. Hardwired

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA)

SEMESTER III

COURSE CODE & NAME DCA2102 – DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Set – I

1. Explain various storage devices and their characteristics.

Ans: The fastest storage media – for example, cache and main memory – are referred to as primary storage. The media in the next level in the hierarchy – for example, magnetic disks – are referred to as secondary storage, or online storage. The media in the lowest level in the hierarchy – for example, magnetic tape and optical-disk jukeboxes – are referred to as tertiary storage, or

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2. Explain the important properties of transactions that a DBMS must ensure to maintain data in the face of concurrent access and system failures

Ans: There are four important properties of transactions that a DBMS must ensure to maintain data in the face of concurrent access and system failures:

1. Users should be able to regard the execution of each transaction as atomic: either all actions are carried out or

3. What do you mean by cardinality ratio? What are its types? Explain by giving a suitable example.

Ans: In a database, the mapping cardinality or cardinality ratio means to denote the number of entities to which another entity can be linked through a certain relation set.

For a binary relationship set R between entity sets A and B, the mapping cardinality must be one of the following:

 One-to-one (1:1): An

Set – II

4. What do you mean by Normalization? How BCNF is different from 3NF?

Ans: Normalization is to reduce redundancy which means that information is to be stored only once. Storing information several times leads to wastage of storage space, and increase in the total size of the data stored. Relations are normalized so that when relations in a database are to be altered during the lifetime of the database, we do not lose information or introduce

5. Explain Join strategies for parallel processing.

Ans: We can use multiple processors for parallel computation to make the processing faster. There are many cases where multiple processors may be available for parallel computation of the join. The architecture may be different, including database machines. We will consider an architecture where all processors have access to all disks, and all processors share main memory.

1 Parallel

6. What are the features of Object -Oriented System? How it is different from RDBMS?

Ans: Object-oriented systems make these promises:

Reduced maintenance:

The primary goal of object-oriented development is the assurance that the system will enjoy a longer life while having far smaller maintenance costs. Because most of the processes within the system are encapsulated, the behaviours may be reused and incorporated into new behaviours.

Real-world modelling:

Object-oriented systems tend to model the real world in a more complete fashion than do traditional

PROGRAM BCA

SEMESTER III

COURSE CODE & NAME DCA2101 -COPUTER ORIENTED NUMERICAL METHOD

1. Find Taylor’s series of the function f(x)= 3x^5- 2x^4+ 15x^3 + 13x^2 -12x – 5 at point c  = 2.

Answer:

we know that
Taylor series of
So

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2. Evaluate √12 to four decimal place by Newton’s – Raphson formula.

Solution: Newton’s method says that f(x) ≈l(x)=f(x0)+f'(x0)(x−x0)

√12 can be found by the function f(x) =x2−12

We know that 3<√12<4, so x0=3

f'(x)=2x

3. Solve the system of equation by matrix inversion method

x+ y+ z = 1

x+ 2y+ 3z = 6

x+ 3y+ 4z = 6

Solution:

x +  y +  z = 1

x + 2y + 3z = 6

x + 3y + 4z = 6

By matrix inversion.

I will assume you already know how to find the inverse of a matrix, and how to multiply two matrices. If you don’t,  post again asking how.

SET- II

4. From the following table, estimate the number of those students who obtained marks between 40 and 45

Marks	30 – 40	40 – 50	50 – 60	60 – 70	70 – 80
No. of students	31	42	51	35	31

Solution: Given

Marks	30 – 40	40 – 50	50 – 60	60 – 70	70 – 80
No. of students	31	42	51	35	31

To find

The number of students who obtained marks between 40 and 45.

Solution

The Newton’s Forward Difference Formula is given as,

⇒f(a+hu)=f(a)+uΔ(fa)+Δ²f(a)+…+Δⁿ(fa)

Now, we generate a forward difference table to find the maximum value i.e f(45),

x:         40  50    60      70     80

5. The population of a certain town is shown in the following table

Year x	1931	1941	1951	1961	1971
Population y	40.62	60.80	79.95	103.56	132.65

Solution: Step-by-step explanation:

Given= The Population in thousand in ta tabular form

To Find= The rate of growth in percentage.

Explanation=

We have been given that the population of the certain town is given below. Find the rate of growth of the population in 1931,1941,1961, and 1971. Year x : 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971

6. Using fourth order Runga – Kutta method to find y at x= 0.1, given that dy/dx = 3e^x + 2y, y(0) = 0 and h = 0.1

Answer:

Given

Runga kutta method of fourth order, for given  We have

PROGRAM BACHELOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA)

SEMESTER III

COURSE CODE & NAME DCA2104 – BASIC OF DATA COMMUNICATIONS

Set – I

1. Describe various trends in data communications and network technology. Explain Communication model in brief.

Ans: Data Communications and Networking for today’s Enterprise It is important for any enterprise to have effective and efficient data communication and networking. In this section, you will be introduced to the trends that are increasing the challenge for the business manager in planning and managing.

Trends

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2. List some difference base band and broadband transmission with some examples?

Ans:

Factor	Baseband	Broadband
The signal used for  Transmission.	The baseband transmits the digital signal using the physical medium like wires.	The broadband transmits the analog signals using optical fibers and twisted cables as a medium of transmission.

3. Differentiate between guided and unguided transmission and with some examples?

Ans: Guided transmission

In guided transmission media, you can see a cabling system that guides the data signals along a specific path. Guided media provides a guided path for propagation of signals. Twisted pairs, coaxial cables, optical fibers etc.are some of the examples for guided media.

Unguided transmission

Unguided transmission media consists of a means for the data signals to travel but nothing to guide them along a specific path. Unguided media employs an antenna for transmitting through air, vacuum or

Set – II

4. Explain different error detecting codes? Explain different Bluetooth layers.

Ans: The most popular error correcting methods are:

1. Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)

2. Forward Error Correction (FEC)

3. Hamming Code

We will look only at the Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) and Hamming code methods.

Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)

A.R.Q. stands for

5. Write short on synchronous and asynchronous transmission.

Ans: The term synchronous is used to describe a continuous and consistent timed transfer of data blocks.

These types of connections are used when large amounts of data must be transferred very quickly from one location to the other. The speed of the synchronous connection is attained by transferring data in large

6. Differentiate between frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum

Ans:

S.no	FHSS (Frequency hopping spread spectrum)	DSSS (Direct sequence spread spectrum
1.	FH systems use a radio carrier that “hops” from frequency to frequency in a pattern known to both transmitter and receiver	DS systems use a carrier that remains fixed to a specific frequency band.

SESSION FEB/MAR 2022

PROGRAM Masters of COMPUTER APPLICATION (MCA)

SEMESTER- III

course CODE & NAME- DCA8142&OPEN SOURCE DB SYSTEMS

Assignment Set – 1

1 a. Explain the components of the database system.

Ans: Database Management System (DBMS) is a complex set of software programs that enables users to create and maintain a database. In this section, we discuss the types of software components that constitute a DBMS. The following fig 1 illustrates the typical DBMS components.

The figure is divided into two halves. The top half of the figure refers to the various users of the database environment and their

b. Explain ACID properties in transaction management.

Ans: The transaction is an operation that reads or writes a value on the database. Every transaction must adhere to four properties. Taking their initials letters collectively known as ACID properties. These properties are,

1. Atomicity: A Its Half solved only

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2 a. Briefly explain the various models of open-source software model.

Ans: The Open-Source Software (OSS) model is an alternate software engineering technique applied to modern commercial developmental models. The definite advantage of the Open- Source model is its expansion and

b. What is forking? Explain forking in brief.

Ans: ‘Forking’ is one of the main concepts in software development. Forking happens when developers take a copy of source code from one software package and start developing it independently. It creates a separate and distinct piece of the software. A successful fork code can reduce development

3. Explain relational model concepts and Relational algebra operations in detail.

Ans: The relational model is a data model. In the relational model, we can represent the database as a collection of relations. Relations are represented as tables. Each table consists of a set of values or records. The figure 1 shows an example of a relational model database.

In the given example,

Assignment Set – 2^nd

4 a. Explain different data types used in PHP.

Ans: The most commonly used PHP data structures are Arrays, strings, Files, etc.

a) PHP Arrays

The array is a collection of similar types of data using the common name. In an array, each array value is accessed by index. There are mainly three types of arrays. These are given below:

• Numeric Array

b. Explain the SQL Language and its’ advance features.

Ans: This section describes how PostgreSQL is providing SQL support. As we know PostgreSQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS). This means that the data is stored in the form of Relations (tables). Usually in an RDBMS data is stored in the form of tables. There are

5 a. Define Indices. Explain different Index types.

Ans: Indices are a special type of database object. The use of Indices will greatly increase database performance and also it enables faster execution of statements involving comparative criteria. An index helps to find the targeted rows more efficiently by tracking the data on one or more columns in a table. In this section we are going to discuss the different types of indices available, and when we can

6. Explain different datatypes used in PHP. Also Explain the PHP control structures.

Ans: PHP Data Types

Variables can store data of different types, and different data types can do different things.

PHP supports the following data types:

• String

SESSION FEB/MARCH-2022

PROGRAM- MCA

SEMESTER- III

COURSE CODE NAME DCA7104 Analysis and Design of Algorithms

SET-I

Questions Mark

1. A. What are the properties of an algorithm? Explain branch and bound algorithm with an example.

Ans: Properties of algorithms

An algorithm may have zero or more inputs externally and it should produce one or more output. Also, an algorithm must terminate after a finite number of steps. Properties of the algorithm include:

• Correctness – It should provide correct and accurate output for all legitimate input.

• Definiteness – Each Its Half solved only

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B. What is the general plan to analyse the efficiency of recursive algorithms?

Ans: Analyzing efficiency of recursive algorithms Let us see the general plan for analyzing the efficiency of recursive algorithms. The steps are as follows:

1) Decide the size of the input based

2. Differentiate between bottom-up and top-down heap construction with example.

Ans:

Bottom-up heap construction

It initializes the essentially complete binary tree with n nodes by placing keys in the order given and then “heapifies” the tree as follows. Starting with the last parental node and ending with the root, the algorithm checks whether the parental

3. A. How is Divide and Conquer a better method for sorting?

Ans: Insertion sort is a simple algorithm that implements the decrease and conquers methodology. Insertion sort executes in O(n2) time, but it’s about twice as fast as the bubble sort and somewhat faster than the selection sort in norm

SET-II

Questions Mark

4. A. Explain distribution counting with an example.

Ans: Distribution counting is an input enhancement method wherein a separate array is used to store the information generated during the sorting process and these arrays enhance the sorting process. Horspool’s and Boyer-Moore algorithms are string matching algorithms where in the pattern is compared with the text

B. Explain the algorithm to solve the Knapsack problem using the dynamic programming method.

Ans: Given a knapsack with following:

M-capacity of the knapsack

n-number of ojects

w- an array consisting of weights w1,w2…wn

p- an array consisting of

5. Explain the dynamic programming approach to find binomial coefficients

Ans: Let us use dynamic programming approach to solve this problem. Let a1, a2…an be the distinct elements given in ascending order and let p1, p2…pn be the probabilities of searching the elements. Let c[i,j] be the smallest average number of comparisons made in a binary search tree elements ai….aj,

6. A. Describe greedy choice property.

Ans: Greedy Choice Property

o In greedy algorithms a globally optimal solution is arrived by making a locally optimal (greedy) choice. That is to say when considering which choice to make, the choice that looks best in the current problem, without

B. Explain the sorting problem with the help of a decision tree

Ans: Decision tree means to represent a program in the form of tree with branches. Here each node represents a decision. First the root node is tested and then the control is passed to one of its subtrees, depending on the result of the test. This flow is continued till the leaf node with the element of interest is reach

PROGRAM MASTER OF COMPUTER APPLICATION (MCA)

SEMESTER III

COURSE CODE &amp; NAME DCA8143 – CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY

Assignment Set – 1

1. Discuss the five X.800 security services.

Ans: X.800 divides security services into five categories. They are:

1. Authentication

2. Access control

3. Data confidentiality

4. Data Integrity

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2. What is Symmetric-key cryptography? Explain the following substitution techniques:

(a) Caesar cipher

(b) Playfair

(c) Polyalphabetic ciphers

Ans: The sender and receiver share the same key in the symmetric-key cryptography encryption method. A single key is used for both encryption and decryption. The sender uses the key (or some set of rules) to encrypt the plaintext and sends this ciphertext to the receiver. The receiver uses the same key (or group of rules

3. Discuss the Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm and its strength in detail along with avalanche effect.

Ans: Data Encryption Standard (DES) was the main encryption scheme that was used until recently. The National Bureau of Standards, now called the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), adopted this standard. Since DES is now considered to be insecure for many applications, it has been replaced

Assignment Set – 2

4. Discuss the RSA algorithm by taking a suitable example

Ans: RSA stands for Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman, who first publicly described the algorithm in 1977. The letters RSA are the initials of their surnames. RSA is one of the first practicable public-key cryptosystems and is widely used for securing data transmission. In this type of cryptosystem, the

5. What do you mean by digital signature? What is the difference between a digital certificate and a digital signature? Explain.

Another important application is the digital signature. Here the hash value of a message is encrypted with a user’s private key. Anyone who knows the user’s public key can verify the integrity of the message that is associated with

6. Write detailed notes on:

a) Internet Protocol Security (IPsec)

IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) is a suite of protocols and algorithms for securing data transmitted over the internet or any public network. The Internet Engineering Task Force, or IETF, developed the IPsec protocols in the mid-1990s to provide security at the IP layer through authentication and encryption of IP 

PROGRAM MASTERS OF COMPUTER APPLICATION (MCA)

SEMESTER III

COURSE CODE &amp; NAME DCA7103 &amp; ADVANCED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Assignment Set – 1

1. a. What is software engineering? Explain principles of software engineering.

Ans: Software engineering is the application of principles used in the field of engineering, which usually deals with physical systems, to the design, development, testing, deployment and management of software systems.

Alan Davis (1994) is one of the earlier authorities to bring forward a set of principles of software engineeri

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2. a. Explain software process, project, and product in detail.

Ans: The following points are noted about software processes:

• Processes use resources subject to given constraints and produce intermediate and final products.

• Processes are

3. Briefly explain all models of the Software Life-Cycle Model.

Ans: Prototyping Model In prototyping model, the requirement gathering is done initially. Developer and customer define overall objectives, identify areas which needs more requirement gathering. Then a quick design is prepared. This quick design represents what will be input by user and the output

Assignment Set – 2

4. a. Describe the three phases of an object-oriented design process.

Ans:

The Object Oriented Design Using Unified Approach

In the OOAD design approach as shown in figure, we have three phases.

The first phase deals with the designing of classes and applying the design axioms to it. Here we have to create the UML diagrams, define class associations and hierarchy.

In the second phase, we have to create the mirror classes for access layer corresponding to every class created in the first phase. We have to eliminate the redundant classes and use method classes to refine the class structure.

5. a. Explain the software reengineering process model.

Ans: To implement these principles, we apply software reengineering process model that defines six activities, shown in Figure. In some cases, these activities occur in a linear sequence, but this is not always the case. For e.g., it may be that reverse engineering may have to occur before document restructuring can

b. Describe the software quality assurance.

Ans: Software quality assurance is defined as a planned and systematic approach to the evaluation of the quality and adherence to software product standards, processes and procedures. SQA includes the process of assuring that standards and procedures are established and are followed throughout the software

6. Explain different types of software testing.

Ans: Types of Testing:-

1. Unit Testing

It focuses on the smallest unit of software design. In this, we test an individual unit or group of interrelated units. It is often done by the programmer by using sample input and observing its corresponding outputs. 

Example:

a) In a program we

DCA7102 – PROGRAMMING IN JAVA

PROGRAM MCA (SEMESTER III)

Assignment Set – 1

1. a. Discuss the architecture of Java with the help of suitable diagram. Explain their entire technicality in detail.

Ans:

Architecture of JavaFX API

In JavaFX, the GUI Applications were coded using a Scene Graph. A Scene Graph is the starting point of the construction of the GUI Application. It holds the (GUI) application primitives that are termed as nodes.

A node is a visual/graphical object and it may include −

• Geometrical (Graphical) objects − (2D and 3D) such as circle, rectangle, polygon, etc.

• UI controls − such as Button, Checkbox, Choice box, Text Area, etc.

• Containers − (layout panes)

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b. What is Unicode? Explain. Discuss the various data types available in java programming in detail.

Ans: UNICODE. Universal Character Encoding. UNICODE. Unique, Universal, and Uniform character enCoding.

Data Types in Java

Data types

2. a. Explain the various utilities of ‘super’ keyword in context to inheritance? Explain each utility with the help of java program.

Ans: The super keyword in Java is a reference variable which is used to refer immediate parent class object.

Whenever you create the instance of subclass, an instance of parent class is created implicitly which is referred

b. How java handles exceptions? Discuss the utility of ‘try’ and multiple ‘catch’ statement with the help of java program.

Ans: The term exception in Java means the occurrence of an exceptional event. It is defined as an abnormality that occurs while the program is in execution which hinders the successful execution of the program, which means the way the program is meant to produce the result it doesn’t do so

3. What are streams in java? Discuss their various types. Explain at least 5 pre-defined methods and their functionality used through stream classes.

Ans: Java handles all input and output in the form of streams. A stream is a sequence of bytes traveling from a source to a destination over a communication path. If a program writes into a stream, it is the

Assignment Set – 2

1. a. Explain the collection hierarchy with the help of diagram.

The comprehensive collection framework hierarchy comprises four fundamental interfaces: Collection, List, Set, Map, and two specific interfaces for sorting called SortedSet and SortedMap. The Java.util package contains all of the collection framework’s interfaces and classes.

b. Discuss java annotation, and java custom annotation in detail with the help of java example.

Ans: Java annotations are used to provide meta data for Java code. Being meta data, Java annotations do not directly affect the execution of the code, although some types of annotations can actually be used for that

2. a. Discuss any 5 component classes of swing. Demonstrate a program which shows their utility.

Ans: 1. ImageIcon

The ImageIcon component creates an icon sized-image from an image residing at the source URL.

Example:

b. What is multithreading? Discuss its life cycle with the help of suitable diagram.

Ans: Java supports multithreaded programming, which allows you to write programs to meet the real-world requirement for creating interactive as well as networked programs. Java supports multithreading which is not

3. How Java Server Pages can be created? Discuss all the steps involved along with suitable java example.

Ans: Java Server pages are on the whole, text files that combine standard HTML and new scripting tags. JSPs look like HTML, but they get compiled into Java Servlets the first time they are invoked. The resulting servlet is a combination of the HTML from the JSP file and embedded dynamic

PROGRAM MCA

SEMESTER III

COURSE CODE &amp; NAME DCA7101 – PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

SET-I

1. Bag I contain 3 red and 4 black balls and Bag II contain 4 red and 5 black balls. One ball is transferred from Bag I to Bag II and then a ball is drawn from Bag II. The ball so drawn is found to be red. Find the probability that the transferred ball is black.

Solution: Step -1: Consider all possible events for transferring balls.

               Given that, 

               Bag I contains 3 red and 4 black balls.

               Bag II contains 4 red and 5 black balls.

               Let E1, E2, E3, E, be 

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2. A random variable has the following probability distribution

X	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
P(X=x)	0	a	2a	2a	3a	a^2	2a^2	7a^2 + a

Find (i) the value of ‘a’

(ii) P [1.5<X<4.5/ X>2]

(iii) E(X)

Solution: (i) Sum of all probabilities must be equal to 1

So we get a+2a+2a+3a+a^2+2a^2+7a^2 +a =1

⇒10a^2 + 9a =1

⇒a = −1,

3. The daily earning of a vendor for a period of 43 days are given below

Daily earning (Rs.)	118- 126	127- 135	136- 144	145- 153	154- 162	163- 171	172- 180
No. of days	3	8	9	12	5	4	2

Calculate Standard Deviation and coefficient of variation.

Solution:

SET-II

4. Suppose that a manufactured product has 2 defects per unit of product inspected. Using Poisson’s distribution, calculate the probabilities of finding a product without any defect, 3 defects, and 4 defects. (Given)

Solution:

Given:

A manufactured product has 2 defects per unit of product inspected

To find:

The probabilities of finding a product with

• out any defect
• 3 defects

5. Compute the regression equation of Y on X and regression equation of X on Y on the basis of the following information

	X	Y
Mean	40	45
Standard Deviation	10	9

The correlation coefficient between X and Y is 0.50. Also estimate the value of Y for X = 48, using the appropriate regression equation.

Answer:

Given that,

6. The following data relate to the prices and quantities of 4 commodities in the years 1982 and 1983. Construct the following index numbers of price for the year 1983 by using  1982 as base year.

(i) Laspeyre’s Index

(ii) Paasche’s Index

(iii) Fisher’s Index

Commodit Y	1982	1983
Price	Quantity	Price	Quantity
A	5	100	6	150
B	4	80	5	100
C	2.5	60	5	72
D	12	30	9	33

Solution:

Commodit Y	1982	1983	P1q0	P0q0	P1q1	P0q1
Price(P0)	Quantity(Q0)	Price(P1)	Quantity(Q1)
A	5	100	6	150	600	500	900	750
B	4	80	5	100	400	320	500	400
C	2.5	60	5	72	300	150	360	180

SESSION	Feb/March-2022
PROGRAM	MCA
SEMESTER	III
course CODE & NAME	DCA7104Analysis and Design of Algorithms
CREDITS	4
nUMBER OF ASSIGNMENTS & Marks	02 &30 Marks each

Note:

• There will be two sets of assignments for every course and all questions are compulsory in both sets.
• Average of both assignments’ marks scored will be considered as Internal Assessment Marks.
• Answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400-500 words.

Set-I
Q.No	Questions	Marks	Total Marks
1.		What are the properties of an algorithm? Explain branch and bound algorithm with an example.	5	10
	What is the general plan to analyse the efficiency of recursive algorithms?	5
2.	Differentiate between bottom-up and top-down heap construction with example.	10	10
3.		How is Divide and Conquer a better method for sorting?	5	10
	What are the best, worst and average cases in an insertion sort?	5
Set-II
Q.No	Questions	Marks	Total Marks
4.	A.	Explain distribution counting with an example.	5	10
B.	Explain the algorithm to solve the Knapsack problem using the dynamic programming method.	5
5.	Explain the dynamic programming approach to find binomial coefficients	10	10
6.	A.	Describe greedy choice property.	5	10

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DFIN301 – SECURITY ANALYSIS AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

1. Explain the characteristics of investment. What are the common mistakes made by investors in investment management?

Ans: Characteristics of Investment

While choosing an investment, an investor should know the features to look for. The prominent features are:

Rate of return

When we invest, we defer current consumption in order to accumulate our wealth. Return on investment is the change in the wealth either resulting from an investment, due to cash inflow (annual income in the form of dividends / interest) or caused by a change in the price of the asset (capital appreciation / depreciationIts Half solved only

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2. Discuss the following:

a) Primary market and Secondary market

Ans: In primary market, a borrower offers new securities in exchange for cash from the investor (buyer). Sales of bonds, treasury bills or stocks take place in primary markets. The issuers of these securities – corporates, the government – receive cash from people who buy these

b) Money market and Capital market

Ans: Money market instruments are:

Treasury bills: These are short-term obligations issued by the government. At present, the Government of India (GOI) issues 4 types of T-Bills i.e., 14-day, 91-day, 182-day and 364-day. They are issued for a minimum amount of $25,000 and in multiples of $25,000. T-Bills are issued at a discount

3. The distribution of returns for share P and the market portfolio M is given below:

Probability	Return (%)
P	M
0.3	10%	15%
0.2	20%	25%
0.2	-10%	-5%
0.3	30%	20%

You are required to calculate the expected return and risk of security P and the market portfolio.

Assignment Set – 2

4. Compare the fundamental and technical analysis techniques.

Ans: Differences between fundamental and technical analysis:

1. Charts vs. financial statements:

A technical analyst approaches a security via the charts, while a fundamental analyst studies the financial statements. Technical analysis is the study of price action and trend, while fundamental analysis focuses the company’s performance in the backdrop of industry and economy conditions.

By

5. An Investor has invested 60 % of his money in security A and 40% in security B. calculate the expected return and expected risk of his portfolio if the details of security A and B is given below:

Probability	Return(%)
A	B
0.2	15%	15%
0.3	20%	25%
0.2	-10%	5%
0.3	30%	20%

If correlation coefficient between A and B is a) r = 1, b) r = -1

Answer:

6. Discuss the following:

a) Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM).

Ans: Capital asset pricing means defining an appropriate risk-adjusted rate of return for a given asset. Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is a model that helps in this exercise.

William Sharpe, Treynor and Lintner contributed to the development of this model. An important consequence of t

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DFIN302 – MERGERS &amp; ACQUISITIONS

Assignment Set – 1

1. What do you understand by the concept of mergers &amp; acquisitions? How will you justify the reasons and motives behind merger?

Ans: Merger is defined as a combination where two or more than two companies combine into one company. In this process one company survives and others lose their corporate existence.

The survivor acquires assets as well as liabilities of the merged company or companies. In another form of merger, one company purchases another company for cash and integrates the purchased company with Its Half solved only

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2. Define Synergy. Explain different types of synergy.

Ans: Synergy refers to a situation where the combined value of a merger is more than the sum of the values of merging firms. It is the phenomenon where

2 + 2 = 5.

If the value of

3. Discuss in brief Master Limited Partnership. Explain the characteristics and various types of MLPs.

Ans:  Master limited partnerships (MLPs) are limited partnerships dealing with publicly-traded shares. The limited partnership interests are divided into units which are traded as shares of common stock. Units are shares of ownership. The operations of MLPs are generally in natural resources (petroleum and natural gas extraction and transportation), financial services and real estate

Assignment Set – 2

4. Summarize the content which should be included in Public Announcement of Offer.

Ans: The content of the Public Announcement of Offer should include:

1. The number of fully paid-up and partly paid-up shares, paid-up share capital of the target company;

2. The percentage of shares

5. Discuss basis of valuation in detail with suitable example.

Ans: There are several basis of valuation:

1. Asset value: In valuation based on asset value, the business is taken as a going concern. Market value of all the assets is assessed by valuers, including freehold and leasehold land, buildings, plant & equipment, furniture & fixtures, other tangible fixed assets, inventories, book debts and other current assets,

6. Write a short note on the following:

a. Factors affecting success or failure of merger.

Ans: Factors in Post-merger Integration

Some important factors that can decide the success or failure of a merger or acquisition are:

Due diligence: Thorough due diligence involves comprehensive analysis of the financial position, management capabilities, physical assets and intangible assets of the target company. However, it can result in

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DFIN303 – TAXATION MANAGEMENT

Set – 1

1. Discuss the various exemptions under section 10 of the Income Tax Act 1961.

Ans: Income Tax Rules, 1962: The Rules take care of the procedural details. Each Rule is linked to a section of the Act, and elaborates the working particulars of the topic. For example, Section 10 (13) states that house rent allowance is tax-free, but “to the extent prescribed”. The extent to which the allowance is tax-free is set down in Rule 2A, which clarifies the three calculations to be done and stipulates that the least of these three amounts can be deducted from the allowance actually received.

Taxability of the Its Half solved only

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2. Explain the concept of double taxation. Also, discuss the provisions made for double taxation relief.

Ans: When a person who is not a resident of a country earns income in that country he is still liable to tax there, but he has to declare this income in the country of his residence as well and pay tax on the income again. This is known by the term ‘double taxation’.

To help taxpayers from being taxed for the same income twice, many countries have DTAA’s between themselves, whereby the tax paid in the alien country can be deducted from the tax payable in the

3. Discuss the process of computation of short-term and long-term capital gains/losses along with the terminologies used in the format.

Ans: Computation of capital gains

Computation of Short-term Capital Gains	Computation of Long-term Capital Gains
From full value of consideration, deduct: 1) Expenditure incurred in connection with the transfer 2) Cost of acquisition 3) Cost of any improvement of asset	From full value of consideration, deduct: 1) Expenditure incurred in connection with the transfer 2) Indexed cost of acquisition of asset 3) Indexed cost of any improvement of asset

Set – 2

4. Write short notes on the following:

a) Banking Transactions Act

Ans: In order to curb the black money circulation in the market, this Act was passed in 2005. If an individual or a HUF withdraws cash from the in excess of ` 50,000 he pays the tax.

For any person other than an individual or HUF, the limit is ` 100,000. This has been withdrawn w.e.f. 1st April, 2009

5. Write Exceptions on GST under the following items:

a) GST exemption on goods

Ans: The Lok Sabha on May 6, 2015 passed the much awaited Constitutional (122nd Amendment) Bill, 2014 on Goods and Services Tax (GST). The GST Bill, however, is yet to be passed in the Rajya Sabha.

Following are the salient features of the GST Constitutional Amendment Bill: Insertion of new Article 246A conferring simultaneous power to the Union and the State legislatures to legislate on GST.

6. Distinguish between tax planning, tax avoidance, and tax evasion

Ans: Differences between Tax Planning, Tax avoidance and Tax Evasion

Tax Evasion

Tax Planning

Tax avoidance

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DFIN304 – INTERNAL AUDIT AND CONTROL

Assignment Set – 1

1. Discuss COSO ERM framework along with its various components.

Ans: ERM requires that strategic objectives align with operations, reporting, and compliance objectives. ERM also expands on the Internal Control- Integrated Framework’s risk assessment component by dividing it into four components: objective setting, event identification, risk assessment and risk response.

COSO’s ERM-Its Half solved only

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2. a) Elaborate the steps involved in Statistical sampling process.

Ans:

1. Defining the target population.
2. Specifying the sampling frame.
3. Specifying the sampling unit.
4. Selection of the sampling method.
5. Determination of sample size.
6. Specifying the sampling plan.
7. Selecting the

3. What are the types of Internal Control? Narrate the limitations of internal control system.

Ans: The two basic types of internal controls in EDP environment are General Controls and Application Control.

• General controls relate to all computerized accounting applications processed by an EDP system.
• Application controls relate to specific recording, processing and reporting functions performed by EDP for specific computer applications.
• An

Assignment Set – 2

4. Explain finance and accounts audit procedure.

Ans: Finance, of financing, is the process of raising funds or capital for any kind of expenditure. It is the process of channeling various funds in the form of credit, loans, or invested capital to those economic entities that most need them or can put them to the most productive use.

As a student of Finance, you know that every economic unit maintains books of accounts to record the financial transactions and prepares financial statements based on the accounting records.

5. What is internal control data analytics? Explain the four phased approach to Internal control data analytics.

Ans: Internal control is a process, affected by an entity’s board of directors, management and other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance: That information is reliable, accurate and timely. Of compliance

6. What are the qualities and elements of a good Audit report? What are the various points to consider while drafting a report?

Ans: The Internal Auditor’s report contains conclusions and recommendations on the activities audited, to be accepted and acted upon by the management.The management may also use the report to evaluate the performance of the internal auditor. The contents of an internal audit report are influenced by the way the internal auditing function has been envisaged in the organisation, the level of the internal

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DMBA302 – LEGAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS

Assignment Set – 1

1. What is “Competency of Contract”? How “discharge of contracts” occurs?

Ans: A person must be competent to enter into a contract according to the law. According to Section 11 of the Act, a person is competent to enter into a contract if he/she is:

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2. Define contract of indemnity. Describe the rights of the indemnifier and the indemnity holder. 

Ans: Sections 124 and 125 deal with contracts of indemnity. Section 124 provides that a contract of indemnity is one in which a party promises to save the other from a loss caused to him/her (the promisee) by the conduct of the promisor himself/herself or by the conduct of any other person. A contract of insurance is an

3. (a) What is a partnership?

Ans: A partnership is defined as “the relationship between persons who have agreed to share profits of a business carried on by all, or by any of them acting for all”. On analysis of the definition, certain essential elements of the partnership emerge. These elements must be present so as to form a

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

4. What do you mean by negotiable instruments? What are the various types of negotiable instruments recognised by the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881? 

Ans: Documents that are freely used in commercial transactions and monetary dealings are known as negotiable instruments if they satisfy certain conditions. The term “negotiable instrument” refers to a written document transferable by mere delivery or by indorsement and delivery to enable the transferee to get a title in the instrument. An instrument may possess the characteristics of negotiability either

5. Describe the main features of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019. 

Ans: Key features of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019

 

• New Act has widened the definition of “consumer”, which includes offline and online transactions through electronic means or by teleshopping or direct selling or multi-level marketing.
• District forum is renamed as

6. Explain the rights available to citizens under the RTI Act, 2005. 

Ans: RTI stands for Right to Information. Right to Information Act 2005 mandates timely response to citizen requests for government information. Right to Information empowers every citizen to seek any information from the Government, inspect any Government documents and seek certified photocopies thereof. Right to Information also empowers citizens to official inspect any Government work or to take

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CODE: DMBA301

Set – 1

1. Write the steps of Research Process in detail?

Ans:

 

 

Step 1: Defining and Formulating Research Problems: It is the first step for a research process. In this step the researcher has to convert a management problem to a research problem.

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2. Give merits and demerits of Questionnaire and Interview method of data collection.

Ans: Merits of Questionnaire Method

1. Economical It is an efficient and economical way of gathering information. It saves time, money, and effort for both the sender and respondents. The researcher has to pay only for postage and paper printing.
2. Wide

3. Illustrate any four Probability Sampling Techniques

Ans: Probability sampling is a sampling technique in which researchers select samples from a larger population using a method created on probability theory. This sampling procedure or technique considers every member of the population and forms samples based on a fixed

 

Set – 2

1. Discuss any four Scaling Techniques of your choice.

Ans: 

 

Nominal Data

• It is the least complicated of the four forms of data.
• Nominal, or categorical data, is divided into categories that cannot be ranked; each type is unique.
• The available

2. Explain the concepts of Validity and Reliability with suitable examples.

Ans: Validity: Validity is one of the most important considerations in any study. Validity is the characteristic of a study that makes it reliable and empirical. The use of empirical scientific methods to make it reasonable and acceptable is known as validity. The validity of research can be improved by using

3. A brand manager is concerned that his brand’s share may be unevenly distributed throughout the country. In a survey in which the country was divided into four geographical regions, a random sampling of 100 consumers in each region was surveyed, with the following results:

 

Calculate the sample chi square (ꭓ 2) value and find at Alfa (α) = 0.05 and test whether brand share is the same across the four regions. Tabular value of Chi Square for Degree of Freedom = 3 and α = 0.05 is 0.352

 

Answer:

1) The null and alternative hypotheses for this test as follows:

H0: All brands share is the same across the four regions.

Ha: Not all brands share is the not same across the four regions.

2) Select the distribution to

 

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DHRM304- HR AUDIT

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. Elucidate upon components of HRD audit.

Ans: The HRD audit is divided into three components:

• Organisation and Administration of Human Resource
• Information Management through Documentation
• Computerised HRIS (Human Resource Information System)

 

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2. What are the various approaches to HR audit?

Ans: The various approaches to HR audit include statistical, comparative approach, outside authority, compliance approach and Management By Objectives (MBO) approach. HR audit can be carried out by an internal audit team or an outside agency. Companies reap numerous benefits by conducting HR

 

3. What should you keep in mind while scheduling employee meetings/ events? What should the HR auditor do to ensure best practices in the team building systems?

Ans: Identify the purpose of the meeting

Do you need to make a decision, solve a problem, rally the troops, or inform your team about a new initiative? Clarifying

 

Assignment Set – 2

4. Do you think HR scorecard is an important tool? Why or why not?

Ans:  The HR scorecard is a strategic HR measurement system that helps to measure, manage, and improve the strategic role of the HR department. The HR scorecard is meant to measure leading HR indicators of business performance. Leading indicators are measurements that predict future business grow

5. What are the different types of competencies? Explain with examples.

Ans: Now let us go through certain core competencies for professionals, the behavioural aspects associated to each of them, and elements pertaining to each of them.

1. Communication Skills: This does not necessarily refer to English speaking skills. There are various factors leading to effective

6. List the major findings in the study of the relationship between HR practices an business performance.

Ans: The belief that Human Resource management and development practices have linkages with organisational level outcomes has been the focus of the theoretical and conceptual work undertaken by Peters and Waterman (1982), Porter (1985), and Lawler (1986). Recent empirical work has highlighted the connections between HR practices like selection, performance appraisal, training, job

 

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DHRM303– EMPLOYEE RELATIONS MANAGEMENT

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. What is ERM? Explain the New challenges for ERM in the modern workplace.

Ana: ERM is a process that develops and maintains employee relations, ensures employee satisfaction, increases productivity and improves employee morale. ERM enables employees to do their job in an efficient manner and achieve both corporate and personal goals.

New challenges for ERM in the

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2. What do you mean by Employee Engagement? Explain the factors affecting Employee Engagement in detail.

Ans: Employee engagement Mike Johnson describes employee engagement as a combination of commitment and organisational citizenship2. Organisations can be successful only if the employees have a feeling of job security, respect, recognition and purpose. Organisations that have good employee relations value teamwork and employee feedback. Engaged employees are more committed,

 

3. Write short notes on the following:
4. a) Common Disciplinary Procedures

Ans: Common disciplinary procedures Different organisations follow different disciplinary procedures. The disciplinary procedure followed in many organisations usually has the following steps:

1. Issuing a letter of charge: The

 

 

Assignment Set – 2

 

4. What do you mean by employee rewards? Explain the need of employee rewards in detail.

Ans: An employee reward system consists of an organisation’s integrated policies, processes, and practices for rewarding its employees. This is done in accordance with their contribution, skill, competence, and their market worth. It is developed within the framework of the organisation’s reward philosophy, strategies, and policies. It contains arrangements in the form of processes, practices, structures, and procedures. These arrangements will provide and maintain appropriate types and levels

5. Write short notes on the following:
6. a) Employee Wellness Plan

Ans: Employee wellness focuses on human resource management to reduce health problems. These health problems are caused by improper lifestyle choices such as smoking, obesity and lack of exercise.

 

6. What do you mean by Trade Union? Explain the reasons for joining Trade Union.

Ans: Trade Union: They promote and protect employee interests. Trade unions help in making decisions by following the process of collective bargaining and negotiations with the management. Good trade unions improve communication between the management and the employees. They also help in

 

MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DHRM302, MANAGEMENT &amp; ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. Explain Lewin’s model of Organisational Change.

Ans: Lewin’s model of Organisational Change: Lewin’s Change Model, is a three step model given by the social scientist Kurt Lewin in the year 1951. He viewed behaviour as dynamic balance of forces working in Its Half solved only

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2. Describe the steps in OD process.

Ans: Process of OD Nowadays, one of the most challenging tasks for the organisation is to bring out change by selecting and implementing the appropriate methods. The process of OD is very complex and it takes around a year or more for

 

3. Discuss the factors influencing ethical judgements with the help of examples.

Ans: Factors that Influence Ethical Judgements in a business, while taking ethical decisions and making judgements, the following factors must be taken into consideration:

1. Personal history: While making a judgement, personal history that is his cultural and his experiential

 

Set – 2

4. Explain the types of techno-structural interventions with the help of suitable examples.

Ans: There are various types of techno-structural interventions as follows:

• Structural Design
• Downsizing
• Re-engineering
• Parallel Structures
• High-involvement Organisations (HIO’s)
• Total Quality Management

Structural design You will find that structural design in contracted sense can be defined as the process in which reshaping of the organisation roles and structures are done. You can define it in a broader sense as the alignment of structures, rewards, processes, talent and metrics of an organisation with its business strategy. It

5. Write short notes on the following concepts:
6. a) Emerson’s Power-Dependence Theory

Ans: Emerson’s “Power-Dependence Theory”: This theory was developed by Richard Emerson, a primary architect of social exchange theory and power-dependence theory, (1962) who states the “actor A depend on actor B who is directly proportional to A’s motivational investment by B in the goals mediated as well as inversely proportional to the availability of these goals to A outside of A-B relation

6. Discuss the different types of qualitative evaluation methods available to managers.

Ans: Qualitative evaluation techniques: On the other hand include survey comments, focus group interviews and observations. Such techniques are more time consuming for analysis but provide a rich source of information about contextual data and subtleties. Therefore, a combination of both these evaluation methods remains fruitful in OD intervention evaluation. Organisation surveys are the best

 

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

DHRM301-MANPOWER PLANNING &amp; SOURCING

Assignment Set – 1

 

1. Discuss the steps in manpower planning process.

Ans:

 

Manpower Planning Steps

The tasks under each planning step are given below:

	Process Step	Tasks
1	Analyzing current manpower resources	·         Assess exact no. of available resources

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2. Explain the Delphi technique of demand forecasting.

Ans: Delphi Technique This method is essentially a group process to achieve a consensus forecast. This method calls for selection of a panel of experts either from within or outside the organization. A series of questionnaire are prepared from the responses received from a prior set of questions in

3. Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of E-recruitment.

Ans: Advantages & Disadvantages

There are many advantages of e-recruitment; both to the employers and to the job hunters, but it also has a few disadvantages too.

Advantages of E-Recruitment

Cost of posting jobs

 

Assignment Set – 2

4. Write short notes on the following concepts:
5. a) Competency Mapping

Ans: Competency Mapping: Competency-based HR is considered the best HR. Competency development and mapping still remains an unexplored process in most organizations. Level 3 of People Capability Maturity Model focused on the competency framework in an organization. The challenge is that

5. Elaborate the selection process in selecting the right candidate.

Ans: Planning and selecting the right candidates for the right job is a difficult process. Selecting the wrong candidate works against the organization as it is extremely time consuming for the HR managers and expensive to the work environment.

But selecting the right candidate, on

6. Describe the causes of employee turnover in an organization.

Ans: Employee turnover may happen on account of the following:

Redundancy

Non-performance

Non-compliance

Redundancy Employees are redundant when they are in excess of the requirements of the employer. Employees are