DCA3107  CLOUD COMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS

Description

SESSION	JULY 2026
PROGRAM	BCA
SEMESTER	V
COURSE CODE & NAME	DCA3107  CLOUD COMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS

 

SET-I

 

Q.1. Explain the evolution of cloud computing and discuss its major benefits and barriers. (10 Marks)

Ans 1.

Evolution of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing didn’t suddenly come into existence but has a number of previous concepts in computing that coalesced into what it is today. It dates back to the days of mainframe computers in the 1960s and 1970s when many users had access to a single powerful computer, because they were too expensive to have one for every organisation. This notion of computing over a shared centralised set of computing resources was the conceptual foundation for what cloud computing is.

Growth Through Virtualisation and the Internet

The next huge push was when virtualisation technology became popular in the 1990s and early 2000s, where a single physical server was split into multiple virtual machines that operate as if there were multiple computers. At approximately the same time, the Internet was fast and reliable enough to move large volumes of information around with ease, making it feasible to store and access computing resources remotely as well as locally. The two go hand-in-hand, forming the technical basis for the modern cloud services.

Arrival of Modern Cloud Platforms

It was the advent of companies such as Amazon, Google and Microsoft that offered computing power, storage and software as a service that anyone could access on the internet, paying only for what they used, that really popularized the term. Amazon Web Services was introduced in the mid 2000s, and it’s considered to have pioneered this as-a-service approach — in turn, a host of other big tech firms followed suit, making cloud computing a common business tool.

Major Benefits of Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing has a number of practical benefits. Organisations don’t need to buy and run costly hardware as they only pay for the resources they use. Scalability enables businesses to scale up or down on computing resources based on demand as and when required, without any wait for new physical equipment. Accessibility is also a big advantage, as cloud services can be accessed from any location with an internet connection, facilitating remote work and collaboration across the globe. The redundancy is also increased, since most cloud services have multiple data centres, minimizing the risk of complete service outages.

Major Barriers to Cloud Computing

Nevertheless, there are some challenges associated with cloud computing. Security and privacy are important issues as well because data is not stored in an organisation’s own premises, but on servers of a third party. Another drawback is reliance on internet connection; when you have an internet connection interruption, you can’t use the cloud service. Another worry is vendor lock in, the process of transferring data and applications from one cloud provider to another may be technically challenging and expensive. Compliance with various countries’ data protection laws also poses a challenge, especially

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Q.2. Discuss the advantages and limitations of public, private, hybrid, and community clouds. (10 Marks)

Ans 2.

Public Cloud

Public cloud services are those offered on the public cloud by a third party provider, such as Amazon, Google or Microsoft, who provides computing resources for multiple customers simultaneously. The greatest benefit here is that there is no initial hardware expense and businesses only pay for the resources they use. It also has a high degree of scalability, allowing organisations to scale up and use it more when needed. The downside is that shared infrastructure can potentially compromise data security and provide an organisation with less control over how

 

 

Q.3. Explain Docker and Kubernetes and discuss their roles in container management. (10 Marks)

Ans 3.

Meaning of Docker

Docker is a platform that can be used to package up an application into a container with everything it needs to run in it, including libraries, dependencies, and configuration settings. The beauty of this is that a container will perform exactly the same way whether it’s running on a developer’s laptop, a testing server or a production cloud environment because it brings its own complete runtime environment with it and doesn’t rely on what is installed on the host machine.

 

 

SET-II

 

Q.4. Explain Service Level Agreements (SLAs) in cloud computing and discuss their major components. (10 Marks)

Ans 4.

Meaning of Service Level Agreements

A Service Level Agreement (known as an SLA) is an agreement between the CSP and the customer that specifies exactly what level of service it gives the customer. Cloud Computing means using another company’s infrastructure, so an SLA provides the customer with a definite, documented performance, availability and support statement, and avoids vague or implicit assumptions. It also explains what will occur should the provider not achieve these stated standards.

 

 

Q.5. Explain the role of AI and Machine Learning in Cloud Computing with suitable examples. (10 Marks)

Ans 5.

Connection Between AI, ML, and Cloud Computing

AI and ML need a lot of computing power and large volumes of data to train effective models, which many organisations may not be able to afford to have on site. Cloud computing addresses this by providing access to powerful processing capabilities, including specialized hardware such as graphics processing units, on demand, which means that businesses can leverage complex AI and ML workloads without having to purchase and maintain costly infrastructure. This connection has opened the door to sophisticated AI capabilities for many more organisations than ever before.

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Q.6. Discuss the relationship between data security, privacy, and access management. (10 Marks)

Ans 6.

Meaning of Data Security

Data security is the process of technical and procedural measures that are implemented to ensure that data is protected from unauthorized access, theft, or corruption. This usually means that data is encrypted, meaning the data can be unreadable unless a proper key is present, as well as firewalls and intrusion detection systems, and regular security audits to look for vulnerabilities in the system before they can be used.

Meaning of Data Privacy

Data privacy is